带有第三边值的捕食模型的正稳态解的存在性

本文研究了一个捕食者带有第三类边界条件、被捕食者带有Neumann边界条件的捕食模型．获得了捕食模型正稳态解的存在性和非存在性结果．并且,证明了它的正稳态解的局部稳定性和唯一性．     

一类具有多时滞捕食－被捕食系统正周期解的存在性

研究一类具有多时滞Holling II型功能性反应非自治捕食－被捕食系统, 利用重合度理论得到系统全局正周期解存在的充分条件．推广了相关的已有结果．     

具有脉冲效应非自治捕食系统的研究

研究了具有脉冲效应的非自治捕食系统,该系统是两个具有互惠关系的食饵种群被一个捕食种群捕食.利用重合度理论证明系统正周期解的存在性.     

被捕食者带有第三边值的捕食模型的正稳态解的存在性

该文研究了一类被捕食者带有第三边值的捕食模型. 首先获得了它存在正稳态解的充要条件是a>mb+d₁λ₁; 然后研究了它的正稳态解的局部稳定性和唯一性;最后讨论了充分大的扩散参数对它的正稳态解的存在性的影响.     

一类具有常数脉冲投放的三种群捕食系统

考虑了一类两食饵种群具有密度制约和常数脉冲投放的三种群捕食系统,证明了当无捕食者时系统存在一个正周期解,并讨论了这个正周期解的全局渐近稳定性及其条件.     

N种群周期系数非线性关系捕食—竞争系统的定性分析

本文应用比较定理，Ｂｒｏｕｗｅｒ不动点定理和Ｖ函数方法，讨论了Ｎ种群周期系数非线性关系捕食－竞争系统的正解的有界性，正周期解的存在性，正周期解的全局吸引性及唯一性。     

Holling IV捕食-食饵时滞系统的多个周期解

应用重合度定理研究了一类具有Holling IV类功能性反应时滞捕食-食饵系统的周期解的存在性问题,建立了该系统具有至少两个正周期解的充分条件．     

多种群生态时滞系统正周期解的全局吸引性

利用比较定理结合Liapunov泛函, 讨论一类具有多个周期时滞的多种群生态竞争 捕食系统正周期解的存在性和全局吸引性. 最后, 利用一致持久性理论, 讨论捕食 食饵系统正周期解存在的充要条件.     

具有功能反应的脉冲型捕食系统的周期解

考虑具有脉冲效应和sigmoid功能反应的非自治捕食系统,利用重合度理论研究了系统正周期解的存在性,建立了存在正周期解的充分条件.     

周期捕食被捕食系统正周期解存在的充要条件

研究周期环境下的Lotka-Volterra捕食被捕食系统。采用分歧理论和微分不等式方法,建立了关于正周期解存在的一个充分必要判别准则,总结和推广了文[1—4]中的主要结果。     

Lie-Butcher theory for Runge-Kutta methods

Runge-Kutta methods are formulated via coordinate independent operations on manifolds. It is shown that there is an intimate connection between Lie series and Lie groups on one hand and Butcher's celebrated theory of order conditions on the other. In Butcher's theory the elementary differentials are represented as trees. In the present formulation they appear as commutators between vector fields. This leads to a theory for the order conditions, which can be developed in a completely coordinate free manner. Although this theory is developed in a language that is not widely used in applied mathematics, it is structurally simple. The recursion for the order conditions rests mainly on three lemmas, each with very short proofs. The techniques used in the analysis are prepared for studying RK-like methods on general Lie groups and homogeneous manifolds, but these themes are not studied in detail within the present paper.     

Absolutely continuous constrained maximizers

The modern theory of differentiable demand functions is generalized to maximizers in a constrained maximization problem. Sufficient conditions are given for almost everywhere differentiability of maximizers in the constraining capacities or other parameters. Also, sufficient conditions are given for the very useful condition (N). Finally, the somewhat stronger pointwise Lipschitz property is shown. Applications analogous to those in economic theory are indicated.     

Nonlinear generalized functions and jump conditions for a standard one pressure liquid–gas model

The mixture of a liquid and a gas is classically represented by one pressure models. These models are a system of PDEs in nonconservative form and shock wave solutions do not make sense within the theory of distributions: they give rise to products of distributions that are not defined within distribution theory. But they make sense by applying a theory of nonlinear generalized functions to these equations. In contrast to the familiar case of conservative systems the jump conditions cannot be calculated a priori. Jump conditions for these nonconservative systems can be obtained using the theory of nonlinear generalized functions by inserting some adequate physical information into the equations. The physical information that we propose to insert for the one pressure models of a mixture of a liquid and a gas is a natural mathematical expression in the theory of nonlinear generalized functions of the fact that liquids are practically incompressible while gases are very compressible, and so they do not satisfy equally well their respective state laws on the shock waves. This modelization gives well defined explicit jump conditions. The great numerical difficulty for solving numerically nonconservative systems is due to the fact that slightly different numerical schemes can give significantly different results. The jump conditions obtained above permit to select the numerical schemes and validate those that give numerical solutions that satisfy these jump conditions, which can be an important piece of information in the absence of other explicit discontinuous solutions and of precise observational results. We expose with care the mathematical originality of the theory of nonlinear generalized functions (an original abstract analysis issued by the Leopoldo Nachbin team on infinite dimensional holomorphy) that permits to state mathematically physical facts that cannot be formulated within distribution theory, and are the key for the removal of “ambiguities” that classically appear when one tries to calculate on “multiplications of distributions” that occur in the differential equations of physics.     

Non-negative solutions of systems of ODEs with coupled boundary conditions

We provide a new existence theory of multiple positive solutions valid for a wide class of systems of boundary value problems that possess a coupling in the boundary conditions. Our conditions are fairly general and cover a large number of situations. The theory is illustrated in details in an example. The approach relies on classical fixed point index.     

Kernel estimation for time series: An asymptotic theory

We consider kernel density and regression estimation for a wide class of nonlinear time series models. Asymptotic normality and uniform rates of convergence of kernel estimators are established under mild regularity conditions. Our theory is developed under the new framework of predictive dependence measures which are directly based on the data-generating mechanisms of the underlying processes. The imposed conditions are different from the classical strong mixing conditions and they are related to the sensitivity measure in the prediction theory of nonlinear time series.     

Singular boundary characteristics of the Hamilton–Jacobi equation

Situations exist in boundary value problems for first order partial differential equations arising in physics (the Hamilton–Jacobi equation), optimal control theory (the Bellman equation) and the theory of differential games (the Isaacs equation) when the value of the required function is not given on a part of the boundary or not at all, or it is not the limit of the (generalized) solution of the problem. Nevertheless, such conditions are required for constructing the solution (by the method of characteristics, for example). It is shown that the required boundary values can be exposed as a specific continuation of the conditions that are known in the boundary submanifolds of the given part of the boundary. This extension of the conditions is accomplished using the characteristic curves starting in a known submanifold of the boundary and running along the boundary. The characteristics are a generalization of the classical characteristics associated with a partial differential equation. They are called singular characteristics, and the theory of these has been developed in a number of the author's papers. After obtaining these “natural” boundary conditions, the solution is constructed using the conventional method of integrating the equations of the classical characteristics. Conditions of the Dirichlet and Neumann type are considered. The technique is illustrated using a numerical example from the theory of differential games containing a number of parameters.     

Stability analysis in a nonlinear ecological model

A high dimension predator-prey model is considered in this paper. Some novel criteria are established for the existence and global asymptotic stability of a unique equilibrium of such model. The approaches are based on fixed point theory, matrix spectral theory and Lyapunov functional. The existence and stability conditions given in terms of spectral radius of explicit matrices are better than conditions obtained by using classic norms. Finally, an example and its simulations show the feasibility of our results.     

基于非局部弹性应力场理论的纳米尺度效应研究:纳米梁的平衡条件、控制方程以及静态挠度

该文成功地解答了3个关于非局部应力理论用于纳米梁的问题:(ⅰ) 在绝大多数研究中,非局部效应增加导致纳米结构体刚度下降,其现象表现为弯曲挠度增加,固有频率减少,屈曲载荷下降,但为什么Eringen 的非局部弹性理论给出了完全相反的结论;(ⅱ) 为什么在某些研究结果中,非局部效应消失或是对研究结果无影响,比如纳米悬臂梁在集中载荷作用下的弯曲挠度; (ⅲ) 在高阶控制方程中,为什么高阶边界条件不存在．通过应用非局部弹性理论和精确变分原理分析纳米梁的弯曲问题,推导出全新的平衡条件、控制方程、边界条件和静态响应．这些方程和条件包含了与之前的相关研究结果符号相反的高阶微分项,这一差别导致了纳米效应对结构体的影响结果完全相反． 还证明之前为大家所公认的纳米梁静态或动态平衡条件实际上没有达到平衡,只有用等效弯矩代替非局部弯矩时,才可达到平衡．这些结论通常是可以被其它方法,比如应变梯度理论、耦合应力模型以及相关实验所证明．     

Dual extremum principles and error bounds for a class of boundary value problems

Error bounds for a wide class of linear and nonlinear boundary value problems are derived from the theory of dual extremum principles. The results are illustrated by two examples arising in the theory of heat transfer, which involve mixed boundary conditions.     

On first-order discrete boundary value problems

This article analyzes a nonlinear system of first-order difference equations with periodic and non-periodic boundary conditions. Some sufficient conditions are presented under which: potential solutions to the equations will satisfy certain a priori bounds; and the equations will admit at least one solution. The methods involve new dynamic inequalities and use of Brouwer degree theory. The new results are compared with those featuring in the theory of solutions to boundary value problems for differential equations.