新型苄基丹皮酚肟衍生物的合成及抗血小板聚集活性

为得到抗血小板聚集活性更好的丹皮酚衍生物,在2-位苄基取代的基础上,以丹皮酚为原料,经苄基化,肟化及醚化合成了5个新型的苄基丹皮酚肟衍生物（4a~4e）,其结构经¹H NMR, IR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。体外抗血小板聚集活性结果表明：4a～4e(AIR: 13.87~21.50%)的活性均强于对照药阿司匹林(AIR: 11.14%),其中化合物4c(AIR: 20.76%)和4e(AIR: 21.50%)的抗血小板聚集活性显著,具备进一步研究的潜力。      

丹皮酚腙类化合物的合成及其抗菌活性

根据拼接原理将活性基团腙引入中药活性成分丹皮酚中对其结构进行修饰,以丹皮酚为原料,与80%水合肼在乙醇中反应得到中间体丹皮酚腙(2),然后与芳香醛反应合成了10个芳甲叉基丹皮酚腙(3a-3j),其结构经IR、~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和ESI-MS表征。采用二倍稀释法测定目标化合物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),结果表明:大部分化合物金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌表现出较好的抑菌活性,特别是化合物3i对金黄色葡萄球菌的的MIC为2μg·mL~(-1),优于阳性对照药环丙沙星。     

芳基吡唑氟尿嘧啶类化合物的设计、合成与杀虫活性研究

利用以γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)受体抑制剂芳基吡唑类杀虫剂的关键结构5-氨基-3-氰基-1-(取代苯基)吡唑为基本母核,设计、合成了26个创新结构芳基吡唑氟尿嘧啶化合物.目标化合物结构均采用1H NMR,FTIR和元素分析进行了结构确证,以小菜蛾和库蚊为靶标进行了杀虫活性测试.评价结果表明创制化合物具有优越的杀虫活性:在浓度为1000 mg·L-1时,化合物5a~5c,5e,5m及5u对库蚊具有100%的杀虫活性;在浓度为400 mg·L-1时,化合物5p对小菜蛾具有94.5%的杀虫活性.初步构效关系研究表明:苯环上取代基种类及位置等对化合物的生物活性有重要的影响.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定川楝树皮中的川楝素

川楝素是从楝属植物川楝树的韧皮或果子中分离出来的呋喃三萜类化合物,在医药上,川楝素主要用作驱蛔药,此外,它还具有明显的抗肉毒效应,能治愈致死剂量肉毒中毒的动物,在农业上,川楝素作为杀虫剂对多种害虫且有很高的活性,可用于防治各种鳞翅目幼虫,对人畜、环境及害虫天敌较为安全,故特别适用于一些重要经济作物的害虫防治,近年来,     

多杀菌素A衍生物的合成及其生物活性研究

多杀菌素(Spinosyns)是一类由放线菌刺糖多孢菌发酵产生的新型生物杀虫剂,因其具有广谱高效、对环境和非靶标动物毒性小等优点,已经被广泛应用于农业的虫害防治中.为了寻找更高效的杀虫剂,合成了一系列多杀菌素A C-17位不同取代基的衍生物,并测定了对小菜蛾的杀虫活性.所合成的衍生物均对小菜蛾表现出不错的杀虫活性.     

丹皮酚与钙粘素相互作用的分析研究

丹皮酚对多种肿瘤细胞具有抑制作用,而钙粘素是与肿瘤产生和恶化密切相关的一类糖蛋白.本研究运用荧光光谱法和原子力显微技术探索了丹皮酚与钙粘素的相互作用.荧光光谱法研究结果表明,丹皮酚对钙粘素的荧光具有显著的猝灭作用,通过猝灭常数随温度变化趋势推断为静态猝灭过程.丹皮酚与钙粘素形成复合物的热力学参数分别为ΔH=-4.3×10.5 J/mol和ΔS=-1.3×10.3 J/(mol·K), 表明此结合过程以氢键和范德华力为主.原子力显微观察结果表明,钙粘素分子间可形成有序长链结构,丹皮酚加入后能显著破坏这种组装结构而形成短链结构,这是由于丹皮酚与钙粘素末端色氨酸残基的作用而影响相邻钙粘素分子结构域间的交错作用所致.本研究结果表明,钙粘素可能是丹皮酚体现其活性的一个重要作用靶点.     

查尔酮曼尼希碱类衍生物的设计、合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

以丹皮酚和对氯苯甲醛为起始原料,通过Claisen-Schmidt反应得到2-羟基-4-甲氧基-4′-氯查尔酮(3),再经过Mannich反应得到10个查尔酮曼尼希碱衍生物(4a～4e, 5a～5e)。目标化合物结构均经高分辨质谱、核磁共振氢谱、碳谱进行确证。采用MTT法测试了所合成化合物对人肺癌细胞A549、人肝癌细胞HepG2的体外抗增殖活性。结果表明,目标化合物对肿瘤细胞A549、HepG2均具有较强的细胞增值抑制作用,且明显优于阳性对照药5-氟尿嘧啶。     

8-异戊基取代的黄酮类化合物的合成及其抑制MDA-MB-231细胞增殖的活性评价

以3,5-二甲氧基苯酚为起始原料,经5~6步反应,合成了8-异戊基取代的8个桑皮素类似物,经体外对人乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231增殖的抑制作用测试.结果显示:相对于槲皮素(IC50 69.3μmol/L),桑皮素具有较大的抑制活性(IC50 22.5μmol/L);将桑皮素分子结构中的稠合环醚打开,即在8位引入异戊基、且对酚羟基甲醚化可进一步提高活性(IC50 12.1μmol/L);在3位上分别引入不同大小的疏水性基团(氢、苄基、烯丙基和异戊烯基)可保持高活性;5位引入疏水性基团可能是有利的;B环对位的甲氧基对活性影响显著;最高活性化合物7g的IC50值达到8.26μmol/L.     

新型大黄酸丹皮酚偶联物的合成及抗炎活性

为寻找安全有效的抗骨关节炎药物,利用拼合原理,以不同碳数的烷烃链为连接臂,将均具有抗炎作用的大黄酸和丹皮酚偶联,得到相应的新型大黄酸丹皮酚偶联物(3a～3e),其结构经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。采用脂多糖(LPS)刺激巨噬细胞(RAW264.7)构建细胞炎症模型,RT-qPCR检测炎性因子TNF-α, IL-1β和IL-6的mRNA表达。结果显示：目标化合物能够抑制LPS诱导的炎症因子的表达,具有一定的抗炎活性。     

丹皮酚在石墨烯修饰电极上的电化学行为及应用研究

利用电化学还原法制备了还原氧化石墨烯修饰电极(rGO/GCE)。采用循环伏安法研究了丹皮酚在rGO/GCE上的电化学行为。结果表明,rGO/GCE对丹皮酚有较好的电催化活性。考察了缓冲溶液pH值、扫描圈数、富集时间、扫速等对丹皮酚电化学响应的影响,建立了检测丹皮酚的标准曲线。丹皮酚峰电流与丹皮酚浓度在4.0×10~(-6)～8.0×10~(-5) mol·L~(-1)范围内有良好线性关系:I_(pa)=0.49 c(μmol·L~(-1))+8.46(R~(2 )=0.9786),检出限为1.0×10~(-6) mol·L~(-1)。将此方法应用于丹皮酚软膏样品中丹皮酚含量的测定,回收率为90.0%～108.6%。     

Podophyllotoxin-derived insecticidal agents: part XIII--evaluation of insecticidal activity of podophyllotoxin derivatives against Brontispa longissima

In an attempt to find the biorational insecticides for Brontispa longissima control, 12 podophyllotoxin (PPT) analogues were tested for their insecticidal activity against the fifth-instar larvae of B. longissima in vivo for the first time. Among all the tested compounds, especially compounds 6 and 8 showed more promising and pronounced insecticidal activity than toosendanin, a commercial insecticide derived from Melia azedarach. The different insecticidal activity range of compounds 1-12 indicated that the variation of chemical structures in the PPT skeleton markedly affected the activity profiles of this compound class, and some important structure-activity relationship information has been revealed. Together, these preliminary results may be useful in guiding further modification of PPTs in the development of potential new insecticides.     

Synthesis and insecticidal activities of novel derivatives of podophyllotoxin

In order to find the biorational pesticides, eight novel 4beta-substituted phenoxyaniline derivatives of podophyllotoxin (4a-h) have been synthesized with significant stereoselectivity and improved yields by employing the BF(3).Et(2)O/NaI reagent system and evaluated for insecticidal activity against Pieris rapae as well as for their antifeedant effect against fifth instar larvae of P. rapae. The results showed that all these derivatives of PPT showed delayed insecticidal activity, which is different from the traditional neurotoxic insecticides. Among them, compounds possessing a 4beta-phenoxyaniline moiety substituted at para (CO(2)C(2)H(5), Cl, and OH) position exhibited greater insecticidal activity against P. rapae than podophyllotoxin. Also, the antifeedant activities showed that these compounds exhibited less potency than podophyllotoxin.     

新型氨基甲酸含氮杂环甲基酯的合成及生物活性研究

常规加热或微波照射下, 含氮杂环1与多聚甲醛反应以良好的产率生成含氮杂环基甲醇3, 反应物物质的量的比、反应温度等对反应产率有影响, 微波条件下的反应时间比常规加热下大大缩短. 化合物3和异氰酸酯4在常规加热或微波照射下生成相应的氨基甲酸含氮杂环甲基酯5a～5m. 反应温度、反应物物质的量的比、反应时间、微波辐射功率等对反应产率都有一定的影响, 与常规加热相比微波条件下的反应时间大大缩短. 化合物5的结构经过IR, ¹H NMR, MS, 元素分析测定, 部分化合物经过¹³C NMR测定. 测定了化合物5的杀虫和除草活性, 结果表明其杀虫活性较低, 除草活性高于杀虫活性, 5a, 5d, 5e和5m对苋菜和黄瓜的防除率高达100%.     

1-Phenylisoquinoline larvicidal activity against Culex quinquefasciatus

The larvicidal potential of several dopamine 1-phenylisoquinoline derivatives against Culex quinquefasciatus third instar larvae was investigated in a rational search for insecticides. The results showed that these isoquinolines presented moderate larvicidal activity, that the presence of a substituent is needed on carbon 1 for such activity to be presented and that it may be possible to develop novel insecticidal compounds having potential use in controlling insects by appropriate structural modification of 1-phenylisoquinolines. This article presents a possible structure-larvicidal activity relationship for isoquinolinic compounds.     

Synthesis and insecticidal activities of novel spin‐labeled derivatives of camptothecin

Continuing our search for natural product based compounds for the control of Brontispa longissima larvae, eight spin‐labeled camptothecin derivatives 7a–h and the intermediate 2 were first tested for their insecticidal activities against fifth‐instar larvae of Brontispa longissima. Among all the tested compounds, especially compounds 7a and 2 showed promising insecticidal activities with the corrected mortality rates of 69.55% and 74.07% against fifth‐instar larvae of B. longissima, respectively. The different insecticidal activity ranges of these compounds indicated that the variation of the structures of l ‐amino acids in these compounds markedly affected the activity profiles of this compound class, and some important SAR information has been revealed from it. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 22:687–691, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com . DOI 10.1002/hc.20734     

Novel Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Sulfur: Synthesis and Insecticidal Activity of (2-Chlorothiazol-5-yl)methyl 2-Phenyliminothiazolidines

A series of new (2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)methyl 2-phenyliminothiazolidines were designed and synthesized. All new compounds were characterized by ¹ H NMR and, in some cases, by ¹³ C NMR, IR, and HRMS. They are soluble in most organic solvents, which makes them easier to use. A preliminary bioassay showed that some of the new compounds display insecticidal activity against third-instar larvae of Cx. pipiens pallens at 50 mg/L and moderate insecticidal activity against A. craccivora at 1000 mg/L.     

Synthesis,bioactivities and 3D-QSAR of novel avermectin B2a aglycon derivatives

Fourteen avermectin B2 a aglycon derivatives were designed and synthesized after removing the oleandrose disaccharide of avermectin B2 a.Their structures were characterized by’H NMR,13 C NMR,HMRS.Preliminary bioassays indicated that these compounds exhibited good insecticidal activity against diamondback moth at 200 mg/L,with mortality no less than 90%.Compounds 10 b,12 a,12 c,17 demonstrated good acaricidal activity against the adult mites,larvae,and good inhibition rate of hatching to mite eggs of Tetranychus cinnabarinus.Compounds 5,10 b,10 c exhibited excellent fungicidal activity against fourteen fungal pathogens in vitro.3 D-QSAR analysis showed that the fungicidal activity of avermectin B2 a aglycon derivatives would be increased when a negatively charged and bulky group was introduced at 13-position,which will be instructive for the further modification of avermectin B2 aaglycon.     

Synthesis and insecticidalactivity of novel dimers of celangulin-V and podophyllotoxin

Celangulin-V (1) and podophyllotoxin (2) are both natural compounds with significant insecticidal activity. The identical and nonidentical dimers of celangulin-V and podophyllotoxin (3, 4, 5) were synthesized using succinic acid as the linker, and their insecticidal activities against 3rd instar larvae of Mythimna separata were tested. Only the identical dimer of celangulin-V (3) show some insecticidal activity.     

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Anthranilic Diamides Containing N-H/CH3-1H-Pyrazole

In order to systematically study the structure-activity relationship of anthranilic diamides and develop insecticides with simple structure and high efficiency, a series of novel anthranilic diamides containing N-H/CH₃-1H-pyrazole was designed and synthesized. Their chemical structures were characterized by ¹H NMR spectra, high resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS) or ¹³C NMR spectra. The preliminary bioassay results indicated that all title compounds displayed moderate insecticidal activity against oriental armyworm(Mythimna separata) at 200 mg/L and fungicidal activities against six kinds of fungi at 50 mg/L, especially compound 5i showed 50% insecticidal activity at 25 mg/L. In addition, some compounds exhibited certain antitumor activities. It was demonstrated that the introduction of CH₃ group into pyrazole ring was superior to H for the insecticidal activity.     

Synthesis and Insecticidal Evaluation of Novel Anthranilic Diamides Derivatives Containing 4‐Chlorine Substituted N‐Pyridylpyrazole

To search for potent insecticides targeting at ryanodine receptors (RyRs), a series of novel anthranilic diamides analogs containing 4‐chlorine N‐pyridylpyrazole were designed and synthesized. Their insecticidal activities were evaluated and the preliminary structure‐activity relationships (SARs) were discussed. The insecticidal results showed that some of the compounds (8a—8h, 8m, 8n) exhibited good larvicidal activities against oriental armyworm at 2.5 mg·L^–1, and compound 8m possessed 60% insecticidal activity at 0.5 mg·L^–1. For diamondback moth, 8m exhibited better activity than Chlorantraniliprole at a hundred fold preference. The calcium imaging technique experiment results suggested that compound 8m could increase the intracellular [Ca²⁺]_i. With the neurons preincubated experiment, the results confirmed that the target of this series of compounds could be RyRs in the central larvae neurons of oriental armyworm. The results indicated that compound 8m could respond as a potential modulator of the insect ryanodine receptor.