新型有机锗倍半氧化物及硫化物的合成

已先后合成的倍半氧化物类及倍半硫化物类化合物的前体,即有机锗三氯化物中只含1个锗原子。为了考查从含2个锗原子的前体合成的有机锗倍半氧化物及硫化物的药物活性,我们合成了1类化合物及相应的倍半氧化物(2类)及倍半硫化物(3类),并合成了酰基苯胺化合物1_e、2_e及3_e。结果见表1。     

合成有机锗倍半硫化物的新方法

有机锗倍半硫化物的合成是有机锗抗癌药物研究中的热点之一。在路易斯碱(如吡啶或三乙胺)存在下,经有机锗三氯化物溶液中通干燥的硫化氢气体制得有机锗倍半硫化物的方法有许多缺点,如无法计算吸收的硫化氢的量、设备复杂、操作困难并产生硫化氢臭味和毒性。我们用无水硫化钠直接与有机锗三氯化物作用即可得到有机锗倍半硫化物。利用此法合成了8种有机锗倍半硫化物:     

某些有机锗倍半氧化物的合成及活性研究

某些有机锗倍半氧化物的合成及活性研究曾强，曾宪顺，崔涛（南开大学元素有机化学研究所，天津３０００７１）范继能（四川师范学院化学系，南充６３７００２）Ｇｅ－１３２及其类似物具有广泛的药理活性［１］，作为药物或辅剂，其主要特点是毒性低。其中一大类倍半氧锗...     

有机锗倍半硒化物的合成

根据有机锗倍半氧（硫）化物具有明显抗癌活性和硒与肿瘤发病率的密切负相关关系，设计并合成了四个新的有机锗倍半硒化物，期望获得有更显著抗癌活性的化合物，对有机锗倍半氧，硫和硒化物的红外光谱进行了比较，发现Ｇｅ－Ｘ（Ｘ＝Ｏ，Ｓ和Ｓｅ）红外吸附峰符合振动波数（ｃｍ＾－１）与原子量成反比的变化规律。     

抗坏血酸有机锗倍半氧化物油水分配系数的测定

抗坏血酸有机锗倍半氧化物是一种抗肿瘤药物。通过建立了紫外分光光度法测定抗坏血酸有机锗倍半氧化物含量的方法,用摇瓶法测定其油水分配系数。建立标准曲线方程A=5.312 9C+0.043 0,检测波长217nm,回收率为98.28%,油水分配系数P=0.37。应用摇瓶-紫外分光光度法,能够准确测定抗坏血酸有机锗倍半氧化物的油水分配系数,为脂质体处方设计提供参考。     

有机锗倍半硫化物的合成及性质研究

为了系统地研究有机锗倍半硫化物的抗癌活性, 寻找更有效的抗癌药物, 合成了15个有机锗倍半硫化物(GeCH2CHRCONHAr)2S3, 并以此类化合物为模型化合物研究了有机锗倍半硫化物的化学性质. 用IR, HNMR证实了它们的组成和结构, 还研究了它们的水解反应以及与盐酸, 氢溴酸的反应.     

多羟基有机锗及有机锗倍半氧化物的合成

合成了六个未见文献报道的有机锗新化合物,并分离了它们的中间体新化合物。讨论了Ⅲａ′,Ⅲｂ,Ⅲｃ,Ⅲｄ,Ⅲｅ中的ＧｅＯＨ的红外吸收特征。通过水解条件的改变,获得了水溶性和脂溶性均非常好的有机锗倍半氧化物和多羟菜有机锗化合物Ⅲａ－Ⅲｃ。     

抗坏血酸有机锗倍半氧化物的合成及抗癌活性研究

通过三氯锗仿与抗坏血酸分子的加成反应,合成了一种新型有机锗倍半氧化物,产物的结构通过元素分析、IR及UV光谱等方法进行了表征．生物活性实验表明合成物对小鼠S-180肿瘤生长具有显著的抑制作用．     

β—羧基—α—（取代苯基）乙基锗的倍半氧化物的合成

β-羧基乙基锗的倍半氧化物是日本学者七十年代初首次合成的,具有广谱生物活性和药理活性。大量的研究证明:它有明显的抗癌活性、干扰素的诱发作用、治疗高血压、放射增敏作用、促进毛发生长、植物生长调节作用等,并且几乎无毒,但其脂溶性很差,在体     

具有生物活性的有机锗化合物研究

着重综述了国内对具有生物活性的有机锗化合物的研究进展,包括:有机锗倍半氧化物以及含磷、硅、硒、硫有机锗化合物的研究状况。     

宝明页岩柴油碱性氮化物的梯度富集及GC-MS分析

利用溶剂萃取和柱色谱等技术浓缩分离新疆宝明页岩油柴油馏分中的碱性氮化物。以宝明页岩柴油为原料,经糠醛溶剂精制,初步得到富集碱性氮化物的抽出油。以抽出油为深度富集碱性氮化物的原料,采用柱色谱等分离方法,从抽出油中分离得到碱性氮化物。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分别对富集的碱性氮化物进行官能团检测和定性、定量分析。结果表明:新疆宝明页岩油柴油馏分中的碱性氮化物经溶剂精制和柱色谱等分离方法梯度富集后,碱性氮化物的质量分数由抽出油的12.08%提高到最终产物的69.48%,并在富集分离的产物中鉴定出60种碱性氮化物,其中主要为苯胺类、喹啉类和吡啶类化合物,各占25.85%,23.56%和16.52%。     

硝基苯并咪唑衍生物的合成、表征及抑菌活性的测定

以苯并咪唑为原料,经硝化、二茂铁磺酰化等步骤,合成了8种未见文献报道的硝基苯并咪唑衍生物,其结构经MS,¹H NMR和元素分析确证.由于硝基苯并咪唑的互变异构,二茂铁磺酰化后,产生两个异构体,用X射线衍射仪测定了化合物2a的晶体结构.初步的抑菌实验结果表明,该系列化合物具有良好的抑菌作用,其抑菌活性均优于对照药剂50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂.     

二维网状结构超分子化合物[Cu(dafo)2(H2O)2](Cl04)2的两种同分异构体的合成与表征

用4，5—二氮芴-9-酮（dafo）、邻苯二甲酸、高氯酸铜和4，5—二氯芴—9— 酮(dafo)、苯甲酸、高氯酸铜进行混和反应时分别得到亮蓝色和蓝绿色晶体，它们 的结构通过单晶X射线衍射法测定。其单晶结构表明，这两种化合物是同分异构体 ，组成都是C22H16Cl2CuN4O12。这两种化合物是通过氢键形成的具有二维网状结构 的超分子化合物，并通过元素分析、红外光谱、热分析对两种化合物进行了表征。     

活性炭复合滤嘴吸附性能的热脱附研究

采用热脱附与气相色谱-质谱联用技术对活性炭滤嘴中活性炭和乙酸纤维脱附的组分进行了定性分析,并用峰面积归一化法测定了所含挥发性成分的质量分数,活性炭脱附组分共鉴定出芳香族化合物、醛酮类、烟碱、酸类、酯类等62种挥发性化合物.结果表明方法具有较好的重现性;为评价活性炭滤嘴的吸附性能提供了一种参考方法.     

Gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis of the volatile compounds of two commercial Irish beef meats

The volatile flavour compounds of two commercial Irish beef meats (labelled as conventional and organic) were evaluated by gas chromatography-olfactometry and were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The volatile compounds were isolated in a model mouth system. Gas chromatography-olfactometry was performed by a group of eight assessors using the detection frequency methodology. The odours of the detected compounds were described as well. Eighty-one volatile compounds were identified, 11 compounds of which possessed odour activity in the first beef sample and 14 of which in the second meat sample. Ten volatile flavour compounds were common to both: methanethiol, dimethyl sulphide, 2-butanone, ethyl acetate, 2- and 3-methylbutanal, an unknown compound, 2-octanone, decanal and benzothiazole. Two unknown compounds were only detected in the first sample while 2,3-pentanedione, 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one, 2-heptanone, dimethyl trisulphide and nonanal were only perceived in the second beef. Significant differences in terms of detection frequency, odour characteristics and in nature of the volatile flavour compounds were emphasised between the two samples.     

GC FPD method for the simultaneous speciation of butyltin and phenyltin compounds in waters

A method is described for the simultaneous determination of nanogram amounts of mono-, di- and tri-butyltin compounds in water. The procedure is based on the conversion of tin compounds to volatile species by Grignard pentylation and analysis using GC with flame photometric detection (GC FPD). The ionic compounds are extracted from diluted acidified (HBr) aqueous solutions by using a pentane-tropolone solution. The extracted organotin compounds are pentylated by a Grignard reagent and purified on a Fluorisil column before analysis by GC FPD. The detection limits are 20 ng dm^?3 for butyltin compounds and 50 ng dm^?3 for phenyltin compounds. Recoveries from spiking experiments in tap-water and natural seawater matrices, in which no organotin compounds were detected, were greater than 90% for most of the alkyltin compounds.     

The identification of new ATAD2 bromodomain inhibitors: the application of combined ligand and structure-based virtual screening

Ligand-based virtual screening (LBVS) and structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) approaches were used to identify new inhibitors for ATAD2 bromodomain. The LBVS approach was used to search 23,129,083 clean compounds to identify compounds similar to an active compound with reported pIC₅₀ equal to 7.2. Based on LBVS results, 19 compounds were selected. To perform SBVS, by applying nine filters on 23,129,083 clean compounds, 1,057,060 compounds were selected. After performing SBVS on these selected compounds with idock software, 16 compounds with the lowest binding energies were selected. More accurate molecular docking analysis was performed on these 35 selected compounds by using iGEMDOCK software and six of them with the lowest binding energies were selected as hit compounds. These compounds were zinc36647229, zinc77969074, zinc13637358, zinc77971540, zinc12991296 and zinc19374204.     

Synthesis,Characterization and Biological Activities of Novel Acrylamide Compounds

With dimethomorph and flumorph as the leading compounds, four novel acrylamide compounds with two types of structure were designed and synthesized by means of the method of ＂me too chemistry＂. The target compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, IR, MS, and elemental analysis. The influences of solvent and raw material on the yield were investigated and optimum processing conditions were determined. The results of preliminary biological tests show that all those compounds exhibit certain antifungal activities.     

N-取代芳环-4-氨基喹唑啉类化合物的合成及生物活性研究

以4-氯喹唑啉和芳香胺反应,合成了三个新的N-取代苯环或杂环4-氨基喹唑啉类化合物.三个新化合物经1HNMR,IR及元素分析证明其结构.生物活性测试表明,三个新化合物均有一定的抑菌效果.     

Isolation of very volatile compounds from the leaves ofLedum palustre using the purge & trap technique

Summary A comparison of different isolation methods for volatile compounds from the leaves ofLedum palustre has been carried out. The aim of the investigation was not to identify all the isolated compounds, though some new compounds were found. Methods used were steam distillation, Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane and the purge & trap technique.The results obtained by the three methods of extraction were compared and it is was found that the very volatile compounds isolated by the purge & trap technique, could not be found by the more conventional methods. The very volatile compounds found by the purge & trap technique were mainly dienals.