利培酮的电化学行为及应用研究

采用循环伏安法、线性扫描伏安法、常规脉冲伏安法和恒电位电解法等电化学手段, 详细研究了利培酮在pH 7.07～10.32 B-R缓冲溶液和0.2 mol•L^－1 NaOH溶液中的电化学行为. 研究表明: 在pH 7.07～10.07 B-R缓冲溶液中, 利培酮产生的P₁波为催化氢波. 在pH＝10.32 B-R缓冲溶液中, 利培酮可以产生P₂和P₃两个波. 其中, P₂波为不可逆的单电子还原波, P₃波可以分裂成两个波P_3a和P_3b. P_3a波为P₂波的进一步单电子还原, 而P_3b波则属于催化氢波. 在0.2 mol•L^－1 NaOH溶液中, 利培酮产生的P₄波是一个两电子的不可逆还原波. 另外, 根据P₁波的一阶导数峰电流与利培酮浓度在1.6×10^－5～2.0×10^－6 mol•L^－1 (r＝0.9950)间的线性关系, 建立了利培酮片剂中利培酮含量的测定新方法. 新方法的检出限为1.0×10^－6 mol•L^－1, 回收率在105%～102%之间, 相对标准偏差为0.84%.     

二乙三胺五乙酸吡哆醇酯配体及其钆配合物的合成、弛豫率和肝靶向性研究

由维生素B₆族化合物吡哆醇及其衍生物与二乙三胺五乙酸(DTPA)双酸酐反应合成了一系列二乙三胺五乙酸吡哆醇酯配体.将这些配体与GdCl₃·6H₂O反应后得到了钆配合物.测定了这些配合物在水溶液中水质子的纵向弛豫率R₁.与母体配合物GdDTPA相比,R₁值略有提高.配体用放射性核素⁹⁹Tc标记,研究了其肝靶向性.结果表明,配体2和6的肝靶向性较为明显.动物核磁共振成像实验进一步证实由这两种配体合成的钆配合物对大鼠肝部的造影信号明显增强     

胍基木吡喃糖苷的合成及其抗HIV蛋白酶活性

2,3,4-三-O-乙酰基-b-D-木吡喃糖基异硫氰酸酯1与2-氨基-4/6-取代-苯并噻唑2a～2e反应, 生成糖基硫脲衍生物3a～3e, 再在伯胺存在下经氯化汞脱硫, 得到一系列新的胍基木吡喃糖苷类化合物4a～4e, 5a～5e, 6a～6e, 7a～7e, 所有新化合物的结构均经IR, ¹H NMR, MS谱和元素分析证实, 所得产物均为β-构型. 生物活性测试结果表明, 化合物4c, 5b, 6b～6d, 7b等对HIV-1蛋白酶表现出了较高的抑制活性.     

双分子络合维生素B12模型化合物的合成

B₁₂是人体中不可缺少的维生素^[1,2],近20年来对这类化合物的研究引起人们广泛的兴趣^[3-5]。为研究维生素B₁₂结构与性能的关系,我们以维生素VB₁₂为原料合成了VB₁₂模型分子4f^[6,7],以研究Co-N键的强弱。揭示在人体中的生物催化作用。在我们合成工作中意外地发现了VB₁₂模型分子具有双分子络合现象,在一定条件下合成了VB₁₂分子络合物5b-5f。为研究B₁₂化学提供了一类新型模型分子。     

TiO2柱层状HTiNbO5的合成及在环己酮肟气相Beckmann重排反应中的催化性能

钛酸异丙酯(TIP)、CH₃COOH和H₂O按体积比1∶16∶40混合后得到Ti(Ⅳ)多聚阳离子柱化液, 与正癸胺插层钛铌酸盐进行交换反应后制得钛(Ⅳ)多聚阳离子插层钛铌酸盐, 其层间距为1.70 nm. 在空气气氛中于623 K焙烧处理后, 所得产品能保持良好的层柱结构. 在空气气氛中于723 K焙烧后所得的TiO₂柱层状钛铌酸(TiO₂-HTiNbO₅), 其层间距为0.97 nm, 比表面积为89 m²/g. 以TiO₂-HTiNbO₅为载体, 用浸渍法制备了一系列B₂O₃负载量不同的负载型样品B₂O₃/TiO₂-HTiNbO₅, 考察了它们在环己酮肟气相Beckmann重排反应中的催化性能并测试了它们的红外光谱. B₂O₃/TiO₂-HTiNbO₅的催化性能优于TiO₂-HTiNbO₅. 在B₂O₃负载质量分数为7.31%的催化剂上, 环己酮肟转化率接近100%且在4.5 h内无明显改变, 己内酰胺选择性接近90%. 红外光谱分析结果表明, 当B₂O₃负载量很低时, 硼组分高度分散于载体TiO₂-HTiNbO₅表面, 并主要以BO₄结构形式存在; 当B₂O₃负载质量分数高于7.31%时, BO₃结构形式在数量上占优势. 将催化性能与红外光谱结果关联后可知, 对于负载型样品B₂O₃/TiO₂-HTiNbO₅, 表面的BO₃和BO₄两种结构形式在环己酮肟气相Beckmann重排反应中具有协同促进作用.     

新型含吡啶酮（吡唑）结构的A2a/A2b双靶点腺苷受体拮抗剂的合成及生物活性研究

设计并合成了具有吡啶酮或吡唑结构的6个新型双靶点（A_2a和A_2b）腺苷受体拮抗剂。其结构经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和HR-MS（ESI）表征。采用cAMP法评价了目标化合物（11a~11f）对A_2a和A_2b受体的抑制活性。活性测试结果表明：该系列化合物对A_2a和A_2b受体均有较好的抑制活性。其中化合物11e抑制活性最强,抑制A_2a和A_2b受体的IC₅₀值分别为8.188 nM和15.22 nM,11e对A_2bR受体的抑制活性优于阳性对照药AB928（IC₅₀=36.48 nM）。此外,利用分子对接研究了化合物11e与A_2a和A_2b靶点的结合情况,结果表明：化合物11e与A_2a和A_2b靶点具有较好的亲和作用。     

六硼化镧和六硼化铈与二氧化碳在高温下的作用

用热重法结合化学分析及X射线等固相鉴定的方法研究了LaB₆和CeB₆与CO₂在500—1000℃范围内的化学作用,实验表明六硼化物于700℃以下在CO₂中比较稳定,而700℃以上作用就渐为显著.在所研究的温度范围内,主要的反应可以式(1)表示:2LnB₆+21CO₂→Ln₂O₃·3B₂O₃+3B₂O₃+21CO(1) 其中Ln=La或Ce;少量的反应按式(2)进行 4LnBe₆+21CO₂→2Ln₂O₃·3B₂O₃+6B₂O₃+21C(2) 根据试样在反应过程中的增重按主要反应式(1)估算了各温度下的反应速度.计算结果表明,当作用量不太大时(即温度不高、或温度虽高而在反应初始阶段),作用分数R与时间t符合于式(3):1-(1-R)^1/3=k₁t(3) 而在较高温度反应进行一定时间后,R与t则有下列关系:[1-(1-R)^1/3]³=k₂t(4) 其中k₁及K₂在不同温度下为不同的常数.对上述结果提出了解释.     

乙硼烷离子和自由基结构的量子化学研究

用B₃LYP/6-311G(d,p)密度泛函方法对B₂H₅⁺阳离子和B₂H₅^·自由基的几何异构体的空间构型进行了优化,并在此基础上用QCISD(T)/6-311++G(3df,2p)偶合簇法进行了单点能计算和零点能校正.结果表明,B₂H₅⁺单态有2种稳定的几何构型(D_3h,C₁),其中C₁构型是新发现的.B₂H₅⁺三重态阳离子除已知C_s构型外,又发现两种稳定构型(C₁).对于B₂H₅^·自由基体系,共有4种异构体(包括两种新发现的构型C_s),其中,具有单桥结构的C_2v最稳定.用二级多体微扰理论和密度泛函方法对前人所认为稳定的B₂H₅⁺单态的C_2v构型进行了全优化,结果发现该构型始终具有一个虚频,不是稳定构型.对B₂H₅^-阴离子体系的单态和三重态进行的全优化,理论上得出单态时具有C_2v和C_s两种稳定构型,而三重态只有C_2v一种稳定构型.     

常春藤皂苷元-半酯-AZT衍生物的合成及抗病毒蛋白酶活性

以常春藤皂苷元为原料,合成了5个常春藤皂苷元-半酯-AZT复合物,其结构经¹HNMR、¹³CNMR和ESI-MS表征。并对所有目标分子体外抗HIV-1和HCV NS3/4A蛋白酶的活性进行了初步评价,化合物5显示较强的抗HCV NS/4A蛋白酶的活性,IC₅₀=5.8 μM,其余化合物IC₅₀为10.6～42.3 μM。所有衍生物无抗HIV蛋白酶活性,揭示该类衍生物选择性抑制HCV NS3/4A蛋白酶。      

B2F2分子异构体结构的量子化学计算研究

采用abinitio方法对B₂F₂分子异构体的结构进行了计算研究,并与Al₂F₂分子进行了比较.结果表明,B₂F₂具有D_∞h对称性,³Σ_g电子态的直线型结构FBBF是B₂F₂分子的最稳定异构体,对文献的结果进行了修正.在UCCSD(T,full)/6－311+G(2df)水平下,F-B和B-B键长分别为0.12942和0.14820nm,振动频率出现在1860.00和1320.62cm^-1处.在UQCISD(T,full)/6－311+G(2df)//UMP2(full)/6－311+G(d)+ZPVE水平下,³Σ_g态的线性FBBF分子的垂直电离势为848.58kJ/mol,而由³Σ_g电子态的BF二聚为³Σ_g态的线性FBBF分子的焓变为59.86kJ/mol,此二聚化反应是放热反应,说明二聚化过程在能量上是有利的.     

5-O-三苯硅基-4＂-O-酰基阿维菌素B1a的合成和生物活性

酯化;5-O-三苯硅基-4＂-O-酰基阿维菌素B1a的合成和生物活性     

Syntheses and Bioactivity of 4"-Sulfonate-5-triphenylsilyl Avermectin B1a and Ivermectin B1a Derivatives

Fourteen new derivatives of avermectin B1a and ivermectin B1a were synthesized from C5-O-triphenylsilyl avermectin B1a and ivermectin B1a(yield from 40% to 83%). Their chemical structures were characterized by means of IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and FAB-MS spectrometries. Some of them show excellent insecticidal activity.     

一些炔菊酯类化合物的合成及其生物活性

拟除虫菊酯是一类高效低毒低残留的杀虫剂,１－芳氧基－４－氯－２－丁炔类化合物具有良好的生物活性［１,２］．为了寻找结构简单、新颖、高效、低毒、低残留的拟除虫菊酯类化合物,我们用此炔类化合物与拟除虫菊酯的菊酸部分相结合,合成了１６个未见报道的化合物,并...     

Two new insecticidal sesquiterpene polyol esters from Celastrus angulatus

Two new insecticidal sesquiterpene polyol esters with a beta-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene skeleton, celangulatin A (1), B (2), and two known compounds, celangulin IV (3) and V (4), were isolated from the leaves of Celastrus angulatus by bioassay-guided fractionation. Their chemical structures were elucidated mainly by analyses of the NMR and MS spectral data. Their insecticidal activities against Mythimna separate were demonstrated with the KD50 value of 68.5 and 215.8 microg g(-1), respectively.     

Design,synthesis and insecticidal activities of novel anthranilic diamides containing fluorinated groups as potential ryanodine receptors activitors

In order to search for novel potent and environmentally benign insecticides, a series of anthranilic diamides containing various fluorinated groups were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, ¹⁹F NMR, elemental analysis, HRMS or mass spectra. Their insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm (Mythimna separata) and diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) were evaluated. The preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) was discussed in detail. The biological assay indicated that most of the compounds exhibited moderate to excellent insecticidal activities. Especially, Ia showed high larvicidal activity against oriental armyworm. Meanwhile, Iu had better larvicidal effects against diamondback moth than commercial chlorantraniliprole.     

Design,Synthesis and Insecticidal Activity of Novel Anthranilic Diamides Containing Oxime Ester and Diacylhydrazine Moieties

Two series of novel anthranilic diamides containing oxime ester and diacylhydrazine moieties were designed and synthesized.Their structures were characterized by melting points,1H NMR,13C NMR and high resolution mass spectrometry（HRMS）.The single crystal structure of compound 7e was determined by X-ray diffraction and their evaluated insecticidal activity against oriental armyworm（Mythimna separata） indicates that some of the compounds exhibited moderate insecticidal activities.Among the 20 compounds,6a and 6b show 100％ larvicidal activity against Mythimna separate Walker at the test concentration of 100 mg/L.     

Synthesis and Insecticidal Activities of Novel Analogues of Chlorantraniliprole Containing Nitro Group

Twelve novel analogues of chlorantraniliprole containing nitro group were synthesized,and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS).Their evaluated insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm(Mythimna separata) indicate that the nitro-containing analogues showed favorable insecticidal activities,while the activity of compounds 5g at 0.25mg/L was 40%,but still lower than chlorantraniliprole.     

含硅不对称硫代磷酸酯及其碳类似物的合成与杀虫活性

合成了两个系列的含硅不对称硫代磷酸酯新化合物,研究了其杀虫活性,并合成了第2系列含硅化合物的碳类似物,对其¹H,³¹P NMR及杀虫活性进行了比较。.     

Synthesis and Bioactivities of Avermectin Bla Pyrethroid Derivatives

Avermectin and its derivatives were high activities and wide spectra insecticide and nematodes^[1-3]. Ⅰn order to enhance its bioactivities and light stability, we prepared a series of Avermectin Bla pyrethroid derivatives(Ⅰ,Ⅱ),they showed high insecticidal activities in the preliminary bioassay.     

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Anthranilic Diamides Containing N-H/CH3-1H-Pyrazole

In order to systematically study the structure-activity relationship of anthranilic diamides and develop insecticides with simple structure and high efficiency, a series of novel anthranilic diamides containing N-H/CH₃-1H-pyrazole was designed and synthesized. Their chemical structures were characterized by ¹H NMR spectra, high resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS) or ¹³C NMR spectra. The preliminary bioassay results indicated that all title compounds displayed moderate insecticidal activity against oriental armyworm(Mythimna separata) at 200 mg/L and fungicidal activities against six kinds of fungi at 50 mg/L, especially compound 5i showed 50% insecticidal activity at 25 mg/L. In addition, some compounds exhibited certain antitumor activities. It was demonstrated that the introduction of CH₃ group into pyrazole ring was superior to H for the insecticidal activity.