1.9分辨率(D-Ala)~(B_0)猪胰岛素晶体结构的研究

本文应用差值Fourier技术和制约立体化学参数最小二乘技术以二锌猪胰岛素模型为起点测定了1.9分辨率的(D-Ala)~(B0)猪胰岛素晶体结构,R因子为0.211,键长均方差为0.057。B_0残基的电子密度表现清晰。B_0的引入降低了B链N端肽段构象的运动性,使分子在晶体中的堆积更加紧密。(D-Ala)~(B0)猪胰岛素和二锌猪胰岛素结构的主要差异在于分子可能的受体结合表面中部分极性基团的构象和分子IA链两段螺旋的组装。(D-Ala)~(B0)猪胰岛素B链N端晶体学微环境与(Trp)~(B1)猪胰岛素和去B_1牛胰岛素有很大的差异。本文还简单地讨论了胰岛素分子结构与免疫功能的关系。     

去七肽胰岛素(B24-30)晶体结构研究——单晶培养及晶体学参数测定

本文利用静止法在柠檬酸缓冲液中培养出可供X-射线结构分析用的去B链羧端七肽(B24—30)胰岛素单晶。晶体衍射分辨率不小于2埃。晶体学参数测定结果为正交晶系,空间群P2_12_12_1,每个结晶学不对称单位含两个去七肽胰岛素分子。     

去B链羧端七肽胰岛素晶体结构的测定

去B链羧端七肽胰岛素(DHPI)晶体中不对称单位合二个分子,空间群P2_12_12_1。运用Patterson搜索技术确定了二个分子在晶胞中的取向,联合运用平移函数和R因子搜索测定了两个分子各自在晶胞中的位置。运用生物大分子刚体最小二乘修正技术和能量极小化最小二乘制约修正精化分子的取向和位置后,在6分辨率晶体学R因子下降到0.384。初始Fourier图显示,与天然胰岛素分子相较,DHPI分子的B链N端(B1—B8)和C端(B20—B23)肽段的构象有剧列变化,但A,B链的三段螺旋及其相对配置大体保持。     

[Trp]~(B1)胰岛素的2分辨率结构

用2分辨率强度数据,以三方二锌猪胰岛素分子的原子坐标为初始模型,应用约束最小二乘方法对[Trp]~(B1)猪胰岛素结构进行了晶体学修正,R值下降到0.24。同三方二锌胰岛素相比,原来呈近似二重对称的两个独立分子的结构发生了不对称的变化。明显的构象变化产生在分子IB链N端和邻近残基A13的区域。     

Nd2O3·BaO·Al2O3·6B2O3的晶体结构

Nd_2O_3·BaO·Al_2O_3·6B_2O,晶体属六方晶体系,空间群为D_h-P62m晶胞参数a=4.566(2)A.Z=24.92(1)A,Z=1。由PW1100四园衍射仪收集到1460个独立衍射强度,用SNELX-76程序中的直接法解得晶体结构,全矩阵最小二乘方法修正结构参数,最后得到偏离因子R=8.80％(未校正吸收),全部计算在SORDCP/M-68K微处理机上完成,晶胞中2/3的B原于位于四面体内,形成[B_2O_5]~4-团,另外1/3的B原子,连结33个O原子形成[B_2O_3]中性团。由对称面联系的[B_2O_3]团的B与B原子之间借助范德华键键合,结构上的这一特点,与硼酸铝钡钕晶体垂直C轴方向有明显解理性质完成一致。这一晶体的结构式可表示为Nd_2BaAl_2O_(1-x)[B_2O_5]_4[B_4O_(4+x+(2-x))]     

白鲢鱼胰岛素的晶体学研究

本实验获得了白鲢鱼胰岛素的单晶体并收集了2.8A分辨率的强度数据.确定晶体所属空间群为 P2_12_12_1,晶胞参数是a=96.73(8)A,b=57.74(7)A,c=53.88(9)A.每个不对称单位含有6个胰岛素分子.用旋转函数法揭示出非晶体学三重轴和二重轴的取向,并说明了白鲢鱼胰岛素具有与三方二锌猪胰岛素相似的空间结构和聚合状态.本文讨论了一级结构的变化对胰岛素的结晶行为和堆积方式的影响。     

3.0分辨率[L-Met]~(B0)牛胰岛素的晶体结构研究

基于[L-Met]_(BO)牛胰岛素(LMBBI)晶体的对称性和分子密堆积法的基本原理,确定了只使用一维的旋转和一维的平移即可确定分子在晶胞中的位置和取向的结构测定方案,依据此方案,使分子置换法的旋转函数的计算和用R因子搜索法精化旋转平移位置的计算大大简化。运用生物大分子刚体修正技术对模型进行了初步精化,用能量极小化的立体化学制约的最小二乘修正技术并辅以差值Fourier图人工分析对模型进行了调整和精化。在最终的电子密度图上,B链N端加长的L-Met在独立区两个分子中的表现比较清晰,相对于三方二锌猪胰岛素分子,B链N端的构象发生了较大的变化。     

硼氢二茂铁季铵盐的结构化学研究——Ⅰ、十硼十氢双(二茂铁甲基三甲基)铵晶体结构

本文报告了(C_5H_5FeC_5H_4CH_2N(CH_3)_3)_2B_(10)H_(10)晶体的结构。该晶体属三斜晶系、空间群为P_1~-。晶胞参数为:a=10.043(2),b=10.513(7),C=15.094(10),a=85.01(6),β=97.58(3),Υ=94.87(3)°,V=1625.7~3,Z=2。晶体在室温下用CAD-4四圆衍射仪收集衍射强度数据(MoKa),用重原子法解出铁原子坐标,综合应用E图、Fourief合成和差Fourier合成解出其他非氢原子坐标,按SDP加氢程序等求解阳离子中40个氢原子位置。各原子坐标及热振动参数经全矩阵最小二乘方修正,对于2258个独立衍射点(I≥3σI)],偏离因子R=0.043。 结构分析表明,B_(10)H_(10)~(2+)阴离子和C_5H_5FeC_5H_4CH_2N(CH_3)_3~+阳离子分别按畸变的八面体和畸变的三角形配位。两个二茂铁季铵阳离子中,两对戊二稀环平面间距为3.271(5)。阳离子中主要键长平均值为:Fe-C=2.026,C—C(环)=1.401,C—N=1.503。B_(10)H_(10)~(2+)阴离子为四方(三角)十六面体笼状结构,主要键长平均值为:B—B(顶点到正方形平面原子)1.706A,B—B(其它原子间)=1.830。     

硼氢二茂铁季铵盐的结构化学研究——Ⅱ.三硼八氢N—二茂铁甲基三甲基铵的晶体构结

本文报道了C_5H_5FeC_5H4CH_4N(CH_3)_3B_3_H_8的晶体结构。晶体属正交晶系,空间群为Pnam,晶胞参数:a=13.707(6),b=13.365(4),c=9,339(9),Z=4用三维Patterson函数等方法解出全部非氢原子的坐标和B_3H_8~-中“氢桥”的2个H原子坐标,对817个独立衍射点[I≥3σ(I)]计算偏离因子,最终偏离因子R=0.071 C_5H_5FeC_5H_4CH_2N(CH_3)_3B_3H_8为离子型化合物,B_3H_8~-阴离子和C_5H_5~-FeC_5H_4CH_2N(CH_3)_3~+阳离子按四面体配位,配位数为4。二个戊二烯环平面相互平行,相距3.31,且属完全遮盖型的。二个戊二烯环平面之间夹角φ)=1.7°。平均键长:Fe—C=2.057,C—C(Cp环)=1.438,C—N=1.513。B_3H_8阴离子中“氢桥”的2个H原子和3个B原子共面。B—B(氢桥连结)=1.734;B—B(非氢桥连结)=1.779。“氢桥”是非对称的,B—H(氢桥)分别为1.460和1.209。     

水合苯并—15—冠—5四溴合铟(Ⅲ)酸钠(NaInBr_4)_2(C_(14)H_(20)O_5)_3·2H_2O的晶体结构

本文报道了在乙醇—氯仿混合溶剂中首次获得组份为(NaInBr_4)_2(C_(14)H_(20)O_5)_3·2H_2O的晶体配合物.用元素分析确定了其组份.通过红外光谱的研究证实配合物晶体中的阳离子与醚氧原子及水分子发生了配合作用。 用X-射线衍射法测定了配合物的晶体结构,晶体属单斜晶系,M=1755.3,a=14.393(8)A,b=28.494(9)A,c=15.191(8)A,β=96.63(5)°,V=6189A~3’,D_c=1.88g·cm~(-3),Z=4,空间群为C_(2h)~5——P2_1/n。晶体结构研究表明不对称单位中包含两个配阳离子Na~(+)(B15C5)(B15C5)代表C_(14)H_(20)O_5分子)。两个配阴离子InBr_4~-、两个H_2O分子和一个未被金属离子配合的B15C5分子。配合物的晶体结构测定结果对于阐明与该晶体相对应的萃取体系In(Ⅲ)/NaBr/B15C5—1,2C_2H_4Cl_2的萃取机理提供了理论依据。     

Preliminary crystallographic analysis of deshexapeptide (B25-B30) insulin

Satisfactory single crystals of deshexapeptide (B25-B30) insulin for X-ray crystal structure analysis have been grown in citrate buffer by the method of hanging-drop gas phase diffusion. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system with space group C2. The unit cell constants are a = 42.6 A, b = 37.9 A, c = 27.2 A, beta = 125.4 degrees and there is only one molecule of deshexapeptide insulin in an asymmetric unit.     

Crystallization and Preliminary Crystallographic Studies of Cucurmosin 2,a Ribosome-inactivating Protein from the Sarcocarp of Cucurbita moschata

Cucurmosin 2, a type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein （RIP） isolated from sarcocarp of Cucurbita moschata, has been crystallized by the vapor-diffusion method using PEG6000 as the precipitant. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit cell parameters a = 55.853, b = 65.507, c = 91.754 А, and have one molecule per asymmetric unit. X-ray data have been collected to 1.8А, using a synchrotron source.     

The crystal and molecular structure of (2-Hydroxyphenyl) alanine (o-Tyrosine).

The crystal structure of D,L-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-alanine has been determined by X-ray methods using 1971 observed reflections. The crystals are monoclinic, space group P2-1, with four molecules in the unit cell of dimensions a=6.32-5 A; b=26.48-9 A; c=5.36-7 A, and beta=98.1-8 degrees. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined to a conventional R-factor of 0.048; estimated standard deviations in bond lengths not involving hydrogen are 0.002-0.004 A and in angles 0.1-0.2 degrees. Bond lengths and angles are in accordance with those found in tyrosine. Owing to an intra-molecular hydrogen bond between the ammonium group and the ring hydroxyl oxygen atom, however, the conformational angles differ from those found in several other phenylalanine derivatives. There are non-crystallographic centres of symmetry between pairs of enantiomeric molecules.     

4-氨基-2,6-二甲基嘧啶的合成结构和光谱性质研究

合成并制备了氨基嘧啶衍生物C₆H₉N₃的单晶体。用X-射线单晶衍射法测定了晶体结构。测定了分子的红外光谱(400-400Ocm^-1)和紫外可见吸收光谱(190-800nm),探讨了溶剂极性的改变对分子光谱性质的影响。     

Evaluation of the solid state dipole moment and pyroelectric coefficient of phosphangulene by multipolar modeling of X-ray structure factors

The electron density distribution of the molecular pyroelectric material phosphangulene has been studied by multipolar modeling of X-ray diffraction data. The "in-crystal" molecular dipole moment has been evaluated to 4.7 D corresponding to a 42% dipole moment enhancement compared with the dipole moment measured in a chloroform solution. It is substantiated that the estimated standard deviation of the dipole moment is about 0.8 D. The standard uncertainty (s.u.) of the derived dipole moment has been derived by splitting the dataset into three independent data-sets. A novel method for obtaining pyroelectric coefficients has been introduced by combining the derived dipole moment with temperature-dependent measurements of the unit cell volume. The derived pyroelectric coefficient of 3.8(7) x 10-6 Cm 2K-1 is in very good agreement with the measured pyroelectric coefficient of p = 3 +/- 1 x 10-6 Cm-2 K-1. This method for obtaining the pyroelectric coefficient uses information from the X-ray diffraction experiment alone and can be applied to much smaller crystals than traditional methods.     

The crystal and molecular structure of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid b.

The crystal and molecular structure of the title compound C-22H-30O-4, has been determined by X-ray methods using 1106 reflections above background level collected by counter methods. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group P2-12-12-1 with cell dimensions a equals 16.514(2) A; b equals 14.324(2) A; c equals 8.744(1) A; there are four molecules per unit cell. The structure was refined to an R of 0.084 (weighted R-w equals 0.068). The cyclohexene and the pyran part of the molecule occurs in the half-chair conformation. The bond distances and angles, and a slight twist of the benzene ring, indicate considerable stains in the aromatic system. Both the phenolic and carboxylic group are significantly out of the plane through the aromatig ring. The angle between this plane and a plane through the cyclohexene ring is 37.7 degrees. The pentyl sidechain occurs in an extended gauche conformation, and the thermal parameters of this part of the molecule are very high. The molecules are held together by van der Waals forces in the c-directions, and hydrogen bonds (2.688 A) from phenolic to carboxylic groups in the a-b plane. There is a short ultra-molecular hydrogen bond (2.490 A) from the carboxylic group to the pyran oxygen.     

THE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF RHODOJAPONIN V DETERMINED-BY X RAY DIFFRACTION

<正> The crystal structure of rhodojaponin-V(R-V) from Rhododendron molle has been examined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystals are orthorhombic space group P212121,with four molecules in a unit cell and dimensions; a = 6. 330(1) A,b=16. 794 (3) A, and c=24. 349(7) A. The R-V molecule has four rings A,B,C,and D with conformations of envelope,twise-chair,chair and half-chair forms respectively.     

Crystal and molecular structures of ionophore-siderophore host-guest supramolecular assemblies relevant to molecular recognition

Ionophore-siderophore host-guest assemblies composed of 18-crown-6 and ferrioxamine B, benzo-18-crown-6 and ferrioxamine B, and cis-syn-cis-dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 and ferrioxamine B were successfully crystallized, and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All three crystal lattices also include solvated Mg(II) and perchlorate ions. The ionophore-siderophore host-guest assembly is noncovalently held together by a hydrogen bonding interaction between the pendant protonated amine in the second coordination sphere of ferrioxamine B and the hydrogen bond acceptor oxygen atoms in the crown ether. The crystals of 18-crown-6:ferrioxamine B host-guest assembly are monoclinic, with space group P2(1)/c, and four molecules per unit cell with dimensions a = 19.8327(11) A, b = 20.4111(11) A, c = 15.1698(8) A, and beta = 96.435(1) degrees. The crystals of benzo-18-crown-6:ferrioxamine B host-guest assembly are triclinic, with space group P(-)1, and two molecules per unit cell with dimensions a = 11.1747(10) A, b = 16.0580(15) A, c = 18.4175(17) A, alpha = 80.469(3) degrees, beta = 81.481(3) degrees and gamma = 70.212(2) degrees. The crystals of cis-syn-cis-dicyclohexano-18-crown-6:ferrioxamine B host-guest assembly are monoclinic, with space group P2(1)/c, and four molecules per unit cell with dimensions a = 20.1473(13) A, b = 21.5778(15) A, c = 14.8013(10) A, and beta = 94.586(2) degrees. The crystal structures of all three host-guest assemblies contain a racemic mixture of Lambda-N-cis, cis and Delta-N-cis, cis coordination isomers of ferrioxamine B. The crystal structures indicate that the steric rigidity of the benzo-18-crown-6 and cis-syn-cis-dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 cavity has a pronounced effect on the conformation of the crown ring and ultimately on the hydrogen bonding interactions between the crown ethers and ferrioxamine B. The structural parameters and the conformational features of the ferrioxamine B guests compare very well with each other and with those of the ferrioxamine B structure obtained in the absence of a host. Structural features relevant to siderophore molecular recognition are discussed.     

Crystal structure and morphology of poly(16-hexadecalactone) chain-folded lamellar crystals

Solution-grown, chain-folded lamellar crystals of poly(16-hexadecalactone) (PHDL) were crystallized isothermally from 1-hexanol at 70 degrees C. The morphology of lozenge-shaped crystals was studied by TEM and AFM. The lamellae are ca. 10 nm thick and the chains run orthogonal to the lamellar surface with folding along (110) and (110) planes. The crystal structure of PHDL was determined by XRD and election diffraction of single crystals. The chains are in the 2(1) helix conformation close to all-trans and the structure consists of an orthorhombic unit cell with a P2(1)2(1)2(1) space group with the lattice constants a = 0.746 +/- 0.001 nm, b = 0.504 +/- 0.001 nm, and c (chain axis) = 4.116 +/- 0.003 nm. There are two chains per unit cell, which exist in an antiparallel arrangement. Molecular packing structure has been studied in detail, taking into account both diffraction data and energy calculations. The setting angles, with respect to a axis, were +/-40 degrees for the corner and center chains, respectively. By using the electron and XRD data, the best molecular packing model was refined to R-factors of 0.168 and 0.196, respectively. A brief comparison of chain-packing structure is also made with related polymer structures.     

Crystal structures of synthetic analgetics. V. Dextromoramide.

The molecular and crystal structure of dextromoramide has been determined by X-ray methods. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group P212121 with unit cell dimensions a = 9.720(4) A; b = 12.226(3) A; c = 18.381(3) A. The structure was determined by direct methods and the model refined to an R-value of 0.036 for 1788 observed reflections. The mean e.s.d.'s in bond lengths and angles are 0.004 A and 0.3, respectively. The morpholine moiety is nearly in antiposition relative to the quaternary carbon atom C6, the pertinent angle C6 - C7 - C9 - N2 being - 159.4. This conformation is similar to that previously reported for the bitartrate of the title compound. The pyrrolidine ring has the envelope conformation and the amide group is strictly planar. The conformation of some acyclic analgetics are discussed.