2-乙氧基-N-（4-甲基-2-丙基-1H-咪唑基-1）-苯甲酰胺的合成

2-乙氧基苯甲酸甲酯与水合肼发生肼解反应生成2-甲氧基苯甲酰肼(1);1与丁亚氨酸乙酯盐酸盐进行二次肼解反应制得2-乙氧基-N'-(1-亚胺丁基)苯甲酰肼盐酸盐(3);3与氯丙酮环化合成了2-乙氧基-N-(4-甲基-2-丙基-1H-咪唑基-1-)苯甲酰胺(合成伐地那非的关键中间体),总收率48%,其结构经1H NMR和MS确证.     

2-甲基-9-芴酮的合成

对甲苯胺与苯甲酰氯经酰胺化反应制得N-对甲苯基苯甲酰胺(1);1经傅克酰基化反应和脱酰胺保护制得2-氨基-5-甲基二苯甲酮(2);2经Pschorr环合反应合成了2-甲基-9-芴酮,总收率64%,其结构经1H NMR和HR-ESI-MS确证。     

1-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-1-[(1S,4S)-1,7,7-三甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]肼的合成工艺改进

以3,5-二甲基苯胺和2-莰酮为起始原料,在微波促进下,经缩合反应制得N-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-1-(1S,4S)-1,7,7-三甲基二环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-亚胺(1);1经硼氢化钠还原后再与羟胺-O-磺酸经胺化反应合成了1-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-1-[(1S,4S)-1,7,7-三甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]肼,总收率70.4%,其结构经1H NMR和ESI-MS确证。     

尼达尼布的合成

间硝基苯甲酸甲酯(1)与氯乙酸甲酯反应制得4-甲氧基羰基甲基-3-硝基苯甲酸甲酯(2);2依次经催化氢化、乙酰化及与原苯甲酸三乙酯反应制得关键中间体(E)-1-乙酰基-3-(乙氧基-苯基-甲烯基)-2-氧-2,3-二氢-1H-吲哚-6-羧甲酸甲酯(5);N-甲基对硝基苯胺依次经氯乙酰化、取代和催化氢化反应制得N-(4-氨基苯基)-N-甲基-2-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)乙酰胺(9);5和9经拼合合成了治疗特发性肺纤维化药尼达尼布,总收率22.0%,纯度99.4%,其结构经1H NMR和MS确证。     

2-对氯苯氧基-5-芳基-1,3,4-噁二唑的合成

对氯苯氧乙酸乙酯与水合肼反应制得对甲基苯氧乙酰肼（2）;以碳酸钠作缚酸剂,2与卤代苯甲酰氯反应合成了N、N＇-二酰基肼（3）;在POCl3作用下,3脱水环化得2-对氯苯氧基-5-芳基-1,3,4-噁二唑,其结构经1^H NMR,IR,MS和元素分析表征,并对其裂解途径进行了探讨。     

苯甲酰苯并咪唑衍生物的合成

以3,5-二甲基-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸乙酯(2)为起始原料,与新型Vilsmeier试剂反应得4-甲酰基-3,5-二甲基-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸乙酯(3);3与3,4-二氨基二苯甲酮环合制得4-(5-苯甲酰-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)-3,5-二甲基-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸乙酯(4);4水解后与2-吡唑啉经脱水反应合成了一个苯并咪唑衍生物,总收率54%,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS确证。     

达比加群酯的合成

3-硝基-4-氯苯甲酸(2)经甲胺化得3-硝基-4-甲氨基苯甲酸(3),2-氨基吡啶与丙烯酸乙酯经迈克尔加成得3-[(吡啶-2-基)氨基]丙酸乙酯(5),化合物3与5经缩合、催化氢化得3-{[(3-氨基-4-甲胺基)苯甲酰基](吡啶-2-基)氨基}丙酸乙酯(7),化合物7再与N-(4-氰基苯基)甘氨酸(8)酰化、环合和Pinner反应,最后与氯甲酸正己酯反应得到达比加群酯(1),总收率约40%(以3-硝基-4-氯苯甲酸计),结构经IR、1H NMR和MS测试技术确证。     

壳聚糖苯甲酰化衍生物固定相的制备及其手性识别

为制备新型手性分离材料,用含不同取代基的苯甲酰氯修饰壳聚糖,合成了壳聚糖-二(4-甲基苯甲酸酯)-(4-甲基苯甲酰胺)、壳聚糖-二(苯甲酸酯)-(苯甲酰胺)、壳聚糖-二(3,5-二甲基苯甲酸酯)-(3,5-二甲基苯甲酰胺)和壳聚糖-二(4-氯苯甲酸酯)-(4-氯苯甲酰胺)4种新的衍生物,以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂,将壳聚糖衍生物涂敷于大孔的3-氨丙基硅胶上,制得相应的手性固定相.测试了固定相的手性识别性能,结果表明这些固定相均有较好的对映体选择性.涂覆量为16%的固定相比涂覆量为20%的固定相有更好的手性分离性能,以壳聚糖-二(3,5-二甲基苯基甲酸酯)-(3,5-二甲基苯基甲酰胺)制备的固定相有最强的手性识别性能,以壳聚糖-二(4-甲基苯甲酸酯)-(4-甲基苯甲酰胺)制备的固定相对手性化合物有最大的分离度.     

达比加群酯中间体3-【【【2-{[(4-氰基苯基)氨基]甲基}-1-甲基-1H-苯并咪唑-5-基】羰基】(吡啶-2-基)氨基】丙酸乙酯的合成

以对氨基苯腈为起始原料,经胺化反应制得N-(4-氰基苯基)甘氨酸(4);4与N-[3-氨基-4-(甲基氨基)苯甲酰基]-N-2-吡啶-β-丙氨酸乙酯(5)经酰胺化后经闭环反应,合成了达比加群酯的关键中间体——3-【【【2-{[(4-氰基苯基)氨基]甲基}-1-甲基-1H-苯并咪唑-5-基】羰基】(吡啶-2-基)氨基】丙酸乙酯,总收率79.6%,其结构经~1H NMR和ESI-MS确证。     

以二苯甲酮为端基的第一代树状取代酞菁锌的合成

4-甲基二苯甲酮经N-溴代丁二酰亚胺溴代制得4-溴甲基二苯甲酮(1);1与3,5-二羟基苯甲醇反应合成了外围带有二苯甲酮取代基的第一代树枝状分子3,5-二(二苯甲酮-4-甲氧基)苯甲醇(2);2与4-硝基邻苯二甲腈缩合制得外围带有二苯甲酮取代基的第一代树枝状分子4-[3,5-二(二苯甲酮-4-甲氧基)苯甲氧基]邻苯二甲腈(3);3经"液相法"环合生成外围带有二苯甲酮取代基的第一代树枝状分子取代的酞菁锌配合物——四[3,5-二(二苯甲酮-4-甲氧基)苯甲氧基]锌酞菁[ZnPc(C35H27O5)4],其结构经UV,1HNMR,IR和MS表征。     

含吡唑1,2,4-三唑噻二嗪衍生物的合成及抑菌活性

1-苯基-3-甲基-5-氯-4-吡唑甲醛与4-氨基-5-取代苯基-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮缩合生成4-(1-苯基-3-甲基-5-氯吡唑次甲亚胺基)-5-(取代苯基)-2H-1,2,4-三唑-3(4H)-硫酮,再烷基加成化为新型含吡唑基5,6-2H-1,2,4-三唑[3,4-b][1,3,4]噻二嗪衍生物。 化合物结构经¹H NMR、IR以及元素分析确认。 初步生物活性测试结果表明,在100 mg/L浓度下,化合物8a(3-(2-甲基苯基)-6-(5-氯-2-甲基-4-苯基吡唑)-7-(4-硝基苯基)-5H-1,2,4-三唑[3,4-b][1,3,4]噻二嗪)对黄瓜炭疽病的抑制率达90%。     

3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸的合成

以2,3-二氯吡啶为起始原料,通过水合肼亲核取代、马来酸二乙酯环合制得2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-氧-3-吡唑烷甲酸乙酯(5);5经苯磺酰氯酯化、溴化氢溴化制得3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸乙酯(7);7经脱氢、水解合成了用于制备氯虫酰胺的关键中间体--3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸,总收率39.5%,其结构经~1H NMR和MS确证.     

A convenient synthesis for some new pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno-[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives with potential biological activity

Ready, convenient synthesis for 8-cyano-7-ethoxy-4-oxo-9-phenyl-2-substituted-1,2,3,-4-tetrahydropyrido-[3′,2′:,4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines 5 , 8-cyano-7-ethoxy-4-oxo-9-phenyl-2-substituted-3,4-dihydropyrido[3′,2-: 4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines 6 , 4-chloro-8-cyano-7-ethoxy-9-phenyl-2-substitutedpyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2-4 -pyrimidines 7 and 8-cyano-7-ethoxy-2-(2′-nitrophenyl)-9-phenyl-4-substitutedpyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2- d ]pyrimidines 8-18 from 2-chloro-3,5-dicyano-6-ethoxy-4-phenylpyridine 1 via 3,5-dicyano-6-ethoxy-2-mercapto-4-phenylpyridine 2 and aminocarboxamide 4 are reported. In addition, the reaction of hydrazino derivative 12 with reagents such as formic acid and triethyl orthoformate yielded the fused tetraheterocyclic 8-cyano-9- ethoxy-5-(2′-nitrophenyl)- 7-phenylpyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[2,3-e]-1, 2,4-triazolo[4,3-c]pyrimidine system 19 .     

Syntheses of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltopentaosides with bulky modification and their application to the differential assay of human alpha-amylases.

Four novel maltopentaosides, 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl O-(6-O-p-toluenesulfonyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1-->4)-tris[O- alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl O-[6-O-(tert-butyldimethyl)silyl-alpha-D- glucopyranosyl]-(1-->4)-tris[O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-beta-D- glucopyranoside (5), 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl O-[6-deoxy-6-(phenyl)sulfonyl-alpha-D- glucopyranosyl]-(1-->4)-tris[O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-beta-D- glucopyranoside (10), and 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl O-(6-deoxy-6-phthalimido-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)- (1-->4)-tris[O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (11) were synthesized. Substrates 4, 5, 10, and 11 were hydrolyzed by human pancreatic alpha-amylase (HPA) from 1.1 to 2.9-fold faster than by human salivary alpha-amylase (HSA). Taking advantage of the difference in the hydrolytic rate of 5 (2.9-fold faster), we developed a new method for the differential assay of these two human alpha-amylases.     

Optically active cyclohexene derivative as a new antisepsis agent: an efficient synthesis of ethyl (6R)-6-[N-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)sulfamoyl]cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate (TAK-242)

Two new synthetic methods were established for the efficient synthesis of optically active cyclohexene antisepsis agent, ethyl (6R)-6-[N-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)sulfamoyl]cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate [(R)-1: TAK-242)]. The first method involved recrystallization from methanol of the diastereomeric mixture (6RS,1'R)-7, obtained by esterification of carboxylic acid 3 with (S)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)ethanol [(S)-5)] to give the desired isomer (6R,1'R)-7 with 99% de in 32% yield. Subsequent catalytic hydrogenolysis and esterification gave (R)-1 with >99% ee. The second method employed enantioselective hydrolysis of acetoxymethyl ester 9a (prepared by alkylation of 3 with bromomethyl acetate) with Lipase PS-D to give the eutomeric enantiomer (R)-9a with excellent enantioselectivity (>99% ee) and high yield (48%). The desired (R)-1 was then obtained by transesterification with ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid without loss of ee. Of these, the procedure employing enzymatic kinetic resolution using Lipase PS-D is the more efficient and practical preparation of (R)-1.     

Reinvestigation of the reported preparation of 3-(4-nitrophenyl)thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazepines

2-(1H-Pyrazol-1-yl)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)thiazoles 2a and 2b , resulting from the condensation of 2-hydrazino-4-(4-nitrophenyl)thiazole ( 1 ) and acetylacetone and dibenzoylmethane, respectively, were previously [4] misas-signed as 3-(4-nitrophenyl)thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazepines 3a and 3b . The assignments were corrected by authentic syntheses of 2a and 2b from 2-chloro-5-(4-nitrophenyl)thiazole ( 6 ) and 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole and 3,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole, respectively. In addition, the mass spectrum of 2a is reported. An apparent ionmolecule reaction produces an ion of significant intensity at m/e 394.     

(±)-亮氨酸的合成

以氨基丙二酸二乙酯盐酸盐(2)为原料通过一条全新路线合成了外消旋亮氨酸盐酸盐(1)。2的氨基经Boc保护制得Boc-氨基丙二酸二乙酯(3);3与甲代烯丙基氯发生取代反应制得Boc-氨基-(2-甲基-2-丙烯基)丙二酸二乙酯(4);4经Pd/C催化加氢制得Boc-氨基-(2-异丁基)丙二酸二乙酯(5);5在浓盐酸中回流反应,一步完成脱保护、脱羧、水解过程合成1。总收率55%,其结构经1H NMR和MS确证。     

Condensed pyridazines. Part III. Rearrangement and ring cyclization during the thermolysis of (z)-methyl 3-(6-azido-3-chloro-1-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridazin-5-yl)-2-methylacrylate

The thermolysis of (Z)-methyl 3-(6-azido-3-chloro-1-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridazin-5-yl)-2-methylacrylate ( II ) provides a new synthetic route to pyrrolo[2,3-c-]pyridazines, specifically, methyl 3-chloro-1,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridazine-5-carboxylate ( III ) in 91% yield. Treatment of III with ozone provides an entry into the novel pyridazino[3,4-d][1,3]oxazine ring system, specifically, 3-chloro-1,7-dimethylpyridazino[3,4-d][1,3]oxazine-4,5-dione ( IV ) in 73% yield. Compound IV is smoothly hydrolyzed into 6-acetylamino-3-chloro-1-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridazine-5-carboxylic acid ( V ) which is readily recyclized into IV by dehydration with acetic anhydride. Furthermore, IV undergoes a facile reductive ring opening reaction with sodium borohydride to give 3-chloro-6-ethylamino-1-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridazine-5-carboxylic acid ( VI ) in 95% yield.     

Synthesis of 1-(R-Phenyl)-5-(R-Methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic Acids by One-Pot Tandem Reaction

Substituted 1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic acids were synthesized by a three-component reaction of arylazides, ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate, and either O- or S-nucleophiles in the presence of a base catalyst. The reaction most probably proceeded as a [3 + 2] cyclocondensation reaction between arylazide and ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate with the further nucleophilic substitution of chlorine in the chloromethyl group. Reaction optimization was performed to carry out the reaction with an O-nucleophile. Conditions were found under which diethyl 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate (the product of self-condensation of two molecules of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate with the further oxidation by azide) was obtained.     

抗球虫药妥曲珠利的合成工艺改进

对妥曲珠利的合成工艺进行了改进。从4-三氟甲硫基苯酚和2-甲基-4-硝基氯苯出发,经5步反应合成了妥曲珠利。在光化反应中用固体光气代替光气,减少了环境污染,提高了总收率(71%)。