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C—H键作为有机化合物的基本单元,实现其直接的C—H键官能团化反应是简洁的合成方法.羧酸广泛存在于自然界,基于羧基的导向基团与离去基团双重角色所驱动的过渡金属催化羧酸邻位C—H键官能团化可控合成,不仅规避了C—H键活化过程中导向基团的额外引入与移除,也彰显了基于羧基“一石二鸟”策略的C—H键活化简洁性与脱羧绿色性.因此,基于“一石二鸟”策略的羧基无痕导向其邻位C—H键官能团化反应,能为可控定向合成提供新的策略和方法,在合成化学上具有显著意义.根据参与反应的偶联底物类型,分别介绍了基于“一石二鸟”策略的过渡金属催化羧酸邻位C—H键活化与含重键试剂、芳基化试剂及含杂原子试剂的反应,并对相关的一些反应机理进行了探讨. 相似文献
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以邻或对位取代苯甲酸为原料,通过羧基导向的芳香羧酸邻位碳氢键官能团化继而发生脱羧反应,在原羧基的邻位引入官能团,可以合成传统付-克反应难以合成的间位取代芳香化合物。在此类反应中,羧基充当无痕导向基的功能。本文综述了基于过渡金属催化羧基无痕导向的芳香羧酸脱羧偶联策略,形成新C―C、C―杂键的研究进展。 相似文献
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用“含”、“长”、“多”、“低”、“小”5个字凝练有机化合物系统命名中选择母体及母体编号的基本原则,并通过举例分析,详细说明这5个字在烃、醇、醛、酮、羧酸、脂环化合物、芳香族化合物、卤代烃系统命名法中的运用. 相似文献
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苯多羧酸法是定量检测黑碳和溶解态黑碳的重要分子标志物法,其中苯多羧酸和硝基苯多羧酸的分离和定量是关键环节。本文建立了苯多羧酸和硝基苯多羧酸的液相色谱-质谱分析方法,利用质谱的定性能力解决了部分苯多羧酸和硝基苯多羧酸化合物在缺乏标准品情况下的定性问题。用Phenomenex Synergi Polar RP分离柱,柱温为35 ℃,流动相为0.5%(体积分数)甲酸水溶液和甲醇,流速为0.5 mL/min,梯度洗脱,以电喷雾离子源负离子全扫描和选择扫描模式进行离子阱质谱检测,同时利用串联的二极管阵列检测器采集三维紫外光谱数据。在实际样品检测中,14个含3个及以上羧基的苯多羧酸和硝基苯多羧酸化合物获得良好分离。此方法简化并加快了苯多羧酸法定量黑碳和溶解态黑碳的分析过程,可满足环境样品中黑碳和溶解态黑碳的分析,促进了苯多羧酸法应用的普及。 相似文献
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以“二氧化硅”的教学为例,基于真实问题情境,以问题为导向设计和实施教学,在过程中渗透化学学科核心素养的培养。经测评,学生兴趣浓厚,教学效果较好。 相似文献
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用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%. 相似文献
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Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction
Laurent Gavara Thomas Boisse Jean-Pierre Hénichart Adam Daïch Philippe Gautret 《Tetrahedron》2010,66(38):7544-5571
In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments. 相似文献
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Uroš Grošelj Mojca Žorž Amalija Golobič Branko Stanovnik Jurij Svete 《Tetrahedron》2013,69(52):11092-11108
A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives. 相似文献
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The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion. 相似文献
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The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula. 相似文献
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KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields. 相似文献
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Rebecca J. Burton Mandy L. CrowtherNeal J. Fazakerley Shaun M. FilleryBarry M. Hayter Jason G. KettleCaroline A. McMillan Paula PerkinsPeter Robins Peter M. SmithEmma J. Williams Gail L. Wrigley 《Tetrahedron letters》2013
The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines. 相似文献
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N. A. Nedolya 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》2008,44(10):1165-1219
The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff
at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry
of Heterocyclic Compounds.
Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee.
Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008. 相似文献
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N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%). 相似文献
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Shashikant U. Dighe Surya K. Samanta Shivalinga Kolle Sanjay Batra 《Tetrahedron》2017,73(17):2455-2467
An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y1 and Y2. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones. 相似文献