离子色谱法测定土壤中氯离子、硫酸根离子、硝酸根离子

建立离子色谱法测定土壤中Cl~–,SO_4~(2–),NO_3~–3种阴离子的含量。淋洗液为30 mmol/L KOH溶液,等浓度淋洗,流速为1.0 mL/min。Cl~–,SO_4~(2–),NO_3~–的线性范围均为0~20 mg/L,线性相关系数均大于0.999 9,检出限为0.051~0.082 mg/L,混合标准溶液测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.31~0.38%(n=10)。对土壤样品进行重复测定,3种离子测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于3%(n=7),加标回收率在95.0%~104.5%之间。该方法测定结果准确,操作简单、快速,适用于土遗址中Cl~–,SO_4~(2–),NO_3~–的测定。     

离子色谱法测定饮用水中6种阴离子

建立生活饮用水中F~–,Cl~–,PO_3^(3–),PO_4^(3–),SO_3^(2–),SO_4^(2–)6种阴离子的离子色谱检测法。采用戴安DX–120型离子色谱仪及Ion Pac AS9–HC(250 mm×4.0 mm)阴离子交换柱,以5.0 mmo L/L Na_2CO_3–0.6 mmo L/L NaHCO_3溶液为淋洗液,流量为1.2 mL/min。6种阴离子的质量浓度与其色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 3~0.999 8,检出限为0.026 4~0.741 4μg/mL(S/N=3)。水样的加标回收率为91.3%~110.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.65%~3.07%(n=6)。该方法具有操作简单,选择性、准确性好等优点,能够满足饮用水中F~–,Cl~–,PO_3^(3–),PO_4^(3–),SO_3^(2–),SO_4^(2–)6种阴离子的测定要求。     

淋洗液在线发生离子色谱法测定血液透析水中的F~–,NO_3~–,SO_4~(2–)

建立血液透析水中F~–,NO_3~–,SO_4~(2–)的淋洗液在线发生–离子色谱检测法。采用ICS–1100型离子色谱仪,Ion Pac AS19型(250 mm×4 mm)色谱柱,淋洗液自动发生装置在线产生高纯度的KOH溶液作为淋洗液,流量为1m L/min,以电导检测器检测,色谱峰面积外标法定量。3种阴离子的质量浓度与色谱峰面积在测定范围内呈良好的线性关系(r≥0.999 8),检出限为0.002~0.01 mg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.26%~0.88%(n=6),加标回收率为98.0%~101.1%。该法操作简单,分析快速,灵敏度高,重现性好,能够准确检测血液透析水中的F–,NO3–,SO42–,可用于血液透析水的质量控制。     

离子色谱法快速测定牛奶中SCN~–

建立了离子色谱快速测定牛奶中SCN–的方法。采用东曹IC–2010型号离子色谱仪及TSKgel Super IC–Anion HS型阴离子快速分离柱;淋洗液为5.0 mmol/L Na2CO3溶液,流量为1.5 m L/min,柱温为40℃,进样体积为20μL,样品经乙腈去蛋白,经TOYOPAK ODS小柱除掉脂肪后,经IC–2010自动进样器自动稀释2倍后进样分析。硫氰酸根测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.94%(n=5),加标回收率为97.0%~102.8%。该方法可用于鲜奶中硫氰酸根的检测。     

电热原子吸收光谱法测定水中总钼

建立电热原子吸收法测定水中总钼的含量。样品采用硝酸–过氧化氢消解,热解涂层石墨管减小记忆效应,塞曼背景校正消除背景噪声。检测了27种共存离子的干扰影响。经6家实验室对标准物质和实际样品检测验证,方法检出限为0.6μg/L,能够满足微量检测要求。钼测定结果相对误差最大值为–6.2%,实验室内相对标准偏差为4.5%~7.6%(n=6),实验室间相对标准偏差为4.3%~5.7%(n=6),加标回收率为91.8%~104.0%。该方法精密度和准确度满足我国地下水和废水监测技术规范的质控要求。     

离子色谱法同时测定饮用水中11种无机阴离子

建立了饮用水中11种无机阴离子的离子色谱测定法。采用ISC–2100型离子色谱仪测定饮用水中的F–,S2–,Br O3–,Cl–,NO2–,NO3–,Cl O2–,Cl O3–,I–,SO42–,PO43–11种无机阴离子。水样过0.22μm滤膜后,经Ion Pac AS19离子色谱柱分离,用KOH溶液梯度洗脱,流量为1.0 m L/min,电导检测器检测,外标法定量。11种阴离子的质量浓度与色谱峰面积在测定范围内呈良好的线性关系(r≥0.999 2),检出限为0.000 7~0.005 mg/L,相对标准偏差为0.2%~4.9%(n=6),加标回收率为87.0%~104.8%。方法简便、快速,精密度和准确度高,适合于饮用水中11种无机阴离子的同时测定。     

离子色谱法检测牙膏中的亚硫酸盐

建立测定牙膏中亚硫酸盐的离子色谱法。采用Thermo Fisher Ion Pac AS11–HC和AG11–HC色谱柱,在11 mmol/L KOH溶液中分离测定牙膏中的亚硫酸根离子,亚硫酸根离子的质量浓度与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,线性方程为y=0.114 7x–0.012 3,相关系数r2=0.999 7,检测限为0.025 mg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为为2.2%(n=7),回收率在81.8%~90.3%之间。     

MPT–AES法测定合金钢中的硅

建立了微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱(MPT–AES)测定合金钢中的硅含量的分析方法。考察了仪器最佳实验条件、溶液酸度和钢中共存离子对测定的干扰,采用相似基体的标准钢样绘制工作曲线。硅的线性范围在0.3~7.0μg/m L之间,检出限为0.05μg/m L。测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.2%~3.1%(n=9),样品加标回收率在97.0%~103.0%之间,该法测定结果与国家标准方法测定结果相符合。MPT–AES法良好的精密度和准确度,可用于测定合金钢中硅的含量。     

ICP–OES法测定钢渣中的全铁

建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP–OES)测定钢渣中全铁的方法。试样用硝酸–氢氟酸消化后,经碳酸钠–硼酸混合熔剂熔解,采用ICP–OES法测定其中的全铁含量。以钢渣标准样品绘制标准曲线,Fe2O3的质量分数在0~34.33%范围内与发射强度呈良好的线性,线性相关系数r=0.999 8。标准样品测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.004 4%~0.036%(n=5),相对误差为0.80%~2.5%。用ICP–OES法与EDTA滴定法对钢渣样品进行测定,两种方法测定结果相一致。该方法简便、快速,可用于钢渣中全铁的定量分析。     

微波消解–ICP–AES法测定装甲材料中的铌含量

建立ICP–AES法测定装甲材料中铌含量的的方法。采用盐酸–硝酸–氢氟酸微波消解样品,检测器为CID固态检测器,检测波长为309.417 nm。在选定的测定条件下,标准工作曲线线性范围为0.005%~1.0%,线性相关系数为0.999 7,检出限为0.000 68%,测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于3%(n=10),加标回收率为96.0%~98.7%。该方法操作简单,测定结果准确可靠,可用于装甲材料中铌含量的测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.