用原子吸收法测定大气颗粒物中的金属元素 --用CA-CN型微孔滤膜采样

本文用０．２２μｍ孔径的微孔滤膜采集大气颗粒物中的铜,铅,锌,镉,锰,铁,镍,铬,并用原子吸收分光光度计测定。     

铜合金中铁和锰的火焰原子吸收分光光度测定法

本文建立了以火焰原子吸收分光光度计同时测定铜合金中铁，锰两元素的方法，该法以硝盐混酸溶解试样，在标准系列中加入基体铜以扣除背景影响，其中杂质元素，如锌，铝，铅，镍，锑，铋，锡等，对测定铁和锰元素均无影响，方法简便快速。准确度符合要求，结果令人满意。     

火焰原子吸收法测定大豆和豆制品中铁、锌、铜、铬和镍

采用WFX-1型原子吸收分光光度计测定大豆及豆制品中微量元素铁、锌、铜、铬、镍的含量.大豆及豆制品中铁、锌、铜、铬、镍含量丰富,对人体有益.大豆产地不同,其所含微量元素也不同.一般大豆中微量元素含量高者则其豆制品中微量元素含量也高,呈正相关.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定川芎中金属元素的含量

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了川芎中金属元素铁、锰、铜、锌、镍和铬的含量。测定结果显示,川芎中含有丰富的金属元素,铁元素含量较高为439.9415±10.8599μg.g-1。实验为探讨川芎中金属元素与药理关系提供了有用的数据,采用原子吸收光谱法测定金属元素,准确度高,操作简便,结果准确。     

电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法同时测定铝合金中钴和镍

通过条件实验,确定了电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱同时测定铝合金中钴和镍的工作条件,通过基体匹配和背景校正,消除了基体和光谱干扰;建立了电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱同时测定铝合金中钴、镍的方法;方法检出限为钴1.25μg/L、镍3.00μg/L,相对标准偏差为钴0.32%、镍0.55%,回收率为钴82.84%—103.4%、镍88.50%—109.0%,该方法简便、快速、检出限低、干扰小、准确可靠,可用于铝合金中钴、镍的同时测定。     

原子吸收光谱中火焰法和石墨炉法测定中草药中铜元素的比较研究

分别采用火焰原子吸收光谱法和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定5种中草药中铜元素的含量,比较两种方法测定铜元素的优劣。浓硝酸和双氧水微波消解处理样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法分别测定其吸光度,校准曲线法计算元素含量。两种方法对于铜元素的检测有一定的差异,火焰法回收率在92.0%—102.0%之间,石墨炉法回收率在92.0%—110.0%。两种方法都能满足实验要求,但各有优点。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铜镍矿浮选产品中铜、镍、镁

研究了用火焰原子吸收光谱法在同一溶液体系中直接快速测定金川铜镍矿浮选产品中铜、镍、镁含量新的新方法。考察了产品中高含量的SiO2对测定镁的干扰情况，并提出了排除这项干扰简便方法，根据各元素的标准溶液系列的测定数据，推算出了铜、镍、镁3元素的线性回归方程及线性相关系数，特征浓度铜为0．40mg.L^-1/1%，镍为0．48mg.L^-1／1％，Mg为0．018mg.L^-1／1％；线性浓度范围铜，镍均为0－10mg.L^-1，镁为0．2－1．2mg.L^-1。相对标准偏差铜为2．5％(n=6)，镍为2．3％（n＝6），镁为2．8％（n=6），加标回收率铜为96．5％－102．5％，镍为98．8％－103．5％，镁为98．2％－102．5％，这种方法操作简便，快速，实用，具有较好的精密度和准确度，实际产品分析结果与外检单位及金川公司测定的结果吻合。     

航空润滑油中铜、铁、镍、铬的原子吸收光谱测定

本文介绍用标准加入法进行航空润滑油中铜、铁、镍、铬等微量金属成分的原子吸收光谱测定，采用灰化法处理样品，避免了润滑油检测中复杂的基体校正，取得满意的结果。     

火焰原子吸收法测定大洋底锰结核中的铜,钴,镍,铁,锰

本文介绍了用火焰原子吸收法对大洋底锰结核中铜，镍，铁、锰中五种离子同时测定的方法。确定了仪器工作条件，并对共存元素及残留试剂的影响进行了研究。方法精密度和准确度令人满意。     

原子捕集－火焰原子吸收光谱法测定人发中的微量铜

本文详细地考查了原子捕集的测定条件及介质的影响，成功地测定了人发中的微量铜。原子捕集法的灵敏度在捕集时间为１ｍｉｎ时为常规法的８．７倍，加标回收率９４．４％－１００．４％。     

有机共沉淀-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定高纯稀土氧化物中痕量铅镉钴镍铁铜

本文研究了吡咯啶二硫代氨基甲酸铵(APDC)共沉淀痕量铅镉钴镍铁铜的最佳条件;金属-PDC配合物的稳定性及共存元素的干扰等。沉淀溶解于小体积的甲基异丁酮(MIBK)中,采用微量进样技术,将有机相直接喷入空气-乙炔火焰,原子吸收光谱法测定之。该法已成功地应用于荧光级氧化镧和氧化钇中题示元素的测定。     

Structure and phonon spectrum of a submonolayer Ni film on the surface of Cu(100)

The equilibrium atomic structure and the phonon spectra of a submonolayer (θ = 0.5 monolayer) Ni film deposited on the surface of Cu(100) are calculated using the potentials obtained by the embedded atom method. We consider atomic relaxation, the vibrational state density distribution on Ni and substrate atoms, and polarization of vibrational modes. Variation of the phonon spectrum upon segregation of Cu atoms on the film surface is considered. It is shown that mixing of vibrations of Ni adatoms with vibrations of substrate atoms occurs in the entire frequency range, leading to a frequency shift of the vibrational modes of the substrate and to the occurrence of new vibrational states atypical of a clean surface. The Cu(100)–c(2 × 2)–Ni structure is dynamically stabler when placed in the subsurface layer of the substrate.     

A comparative first-principles study of the adsorption of a carbon atom on copper and nickel surfaces

The adsorption energies of a carbon atom at the most stable adsorption sites on the Cu and Ni(100), (110) and (111) surfaces have been studied by first-principles calculations. The preference order of the adsorption sites for both Cu and Ni surfaces is the same. The (100) hollow site is the most stable one. The diffusion barriers for a C atom on the three surfaces have also been obtained, with the highest mobility on the (111) surface of both metals. Our investigation shows that the adsorption energies of the C atom on Ni are significantly higher in magnitude than those on Cu for all the three surfaces. This phenomenon is mainly due to the interaction and hybridization between C p-orbits and partially filed d-shell of Ni, which forms a stronger binding.     

Ni掺杂对Cu团簇结构稳定性的影响

采用密度泛函理论对Cu_n和Cu_n-1Ni(n=3-14)团簇的结构及稳定性进行研究.结果证明Cu_n(n=3-14)团簇的基态不是密实结构而是类似双平面的构型;计算表明:Ni掺杂增加了铜团簇的稳定性,Cu_nNi(n=2-13)团簇的最稳态结构与单质铜团簇不同而是以形成二十面体为基础的密实结构,Ni原子趋于和尽量多的Cu原子成键而最终陷入笼状团簇的中心;偶数个粒子的团簇具有相对高的稳定性,尤其Cu₃Ni,Cu₇Ni和Cu₉Ni;陷入笼状团簇内部的Ni原子带正电,使得位于表面的Cu原子带负电,从而增加了由这种团簇构成的材料的化学稳定性,如耐腐蚀性等.     

Investigation on ultrafast thrid—order optical nonlinearity of metal（dmit）2／mnt）2 Charge transfer complexes

We have investigated the transient third-order optical nonlinearity of the solutions of Metal(dmit)2/(mnt)2 salts in acetone by employing femtosecond optical Kerr gate measurement at 830nm wavelength.An order of enhancement on the second-order hyperppolarizability is found for the above salts with central atoms of Cu and Ni.We have suggested an explanation for the enhancement based on the extension of electronic conjugation by the entring Cu or Ni atom.     

Thermal stability and electrical characteristics of NiSi films with electroplated Ni(W) alloy

In this study, an electroplating method to deposited Ni, crystalline NiW(c-NiW), amorphous NiW (a-NiW) films on P-type Si(1 0 0) were used to form Ni-silicide (NiSi) films. After annealed at various temperatures, sheet resistance of Ni/Cu, c-NiW/Cu and a-NiW/Cu was measured to observe the performance of those diffusion barrier layers. With W added in the barrier layer, the barrier performance was improved. The results of XRD and resistance measurement of the stacked Si/Ni(W)/Cu films reveal that Cu atom could diffuse through Ni barrier layer at 450 °C, could diffuse through c-NiW at 550 °C, but could hardly diffuse through a-NiW barrier layer. c-NiW layer has a better barrier performance than Ni layer, meanwhile the resistance is lower than a-NiW layer.     

Observation of surface segregation of sulphur in CuNi alloys at elevated temperature with scanning Auger electron microscope

Surface segregations of Cu and S in a CuNi (50wt%) alloy at elevated temperatures of ～600°C were studied under scanning Auger electron microscope, JAMP-3. Scanning images of S, Cu and Ni Auger signals have revealed that the surface segregations of both Cu and S take place preferentially depending on grains and the contrasts in S and Cu Auger images are complementary. This leads to another confirmation of the previous work, namely, that the surface segregation of Cu is considerably suppressed by the existence of S at the outermost atom layer.     

Zr基大块非晶中添加元素对非晶形成能力及耐蚀性的影响

运用实空间递归方法研究了添加元素Nb,Ta,Y,La对Zr基非晶合金的非晶形成能力和耐腐蚀性能的影响.用计算机编程构造了Zr基非晶中初始晶化相Zr₂Ni的原子结构模型,用Zr₂Ni中的二十面体原子团簇模拟非晶中的二十面体团簇.计算了替代二十面体中心或顶角位置原子前后Ni,Zr及合金元素的局域态密度、团簇中心Ni与近邻Zr原子及Ni与替代元素Nb,Ta,Y,La间的键级积分,还计算了合金元素替代前后团簇的费米能级.局域态密度计算结果表明：合金元素Cu占据二十面体团 关键词： 电子结构 Zr基大块非晶 非晶形成能力 耐蚀性     

THEORETICAL STRENGTH AND PHASE STABILITY OF Cu AND Ni UNDER [100] UNIAXIAL LOADING

Based on Born's criteria we studied phase stability and theoretical strength of fcc crystals of copper and nickel under [100] uniaxial loading. The calculation was carried out using a simple and completely analytical embedded atom method(EAM) potential proposed by the present authors. For Cu, the calculated value of its theoretical strength (0.33×10¹¹ dyn·cm^-2) agrees well with the experimental value (0.30×10¹¹ dyn·cm^-2), while the calculated strain (9.76%) is somewhat larger than the experimental one (2.8%). For Ni, its theoretical strength and strain predicted using the EAM potential are found smaller than those predicted using a pair potential. It is worthy to note that unlike previous calculations, in which pair potentials were used and three unstressed fcc, bcc, and fct structures included (for Ni only fcc state is found stable, while for Cu both fcc and bcc states are predicted stable), in present calculations using EAM potential the [100] primary loading path passes through only two zeroes (a stable unstressed fcc structure and an unstable stress-free bcc structure) either for Cu or for Ni.