束缚电荷对玻璃材料二阶光学非线性的影响

对电场极化后薄膜材料与体材料二阶光学非线性的比较研究表明,二者具有相同的极化和弛豫特性．分析了束缚电荷的形成及其对二阶光学非线性的影响,定性地从理论上指出,由束缚电荷产生的电场对薄膜及体材料的极化和弛豫过程起了决定作用． 关键词： 二阶非线性 玻璃 极化 束缚电荷     

键合型DANS聚合物光波导电晕极化及其二阶非线性衰减

对键合型DANS聚合物薄膜光波导的电晕极化过程及其二阶非线性衰减特性进行了研究.采用本文给出的电晕极化参数,制成了具有较长极化寿命的极化聚合物薄膜光波导,为进一步研究其二阶非线性光学性质奠定了基础.     

偶氮聚合物薄膜的吸收谱和二次谐波产生的温度特性

研究了一种偶氮聚合物薄膜的光谱和二阶非线性光学特性.研究结果表明,聚合体中的偶氮发色团以反式异构体形式存在.加热可使分子之间的相互作用减弱,聚集体的聚集程度降低;温度低于70℃时聚集体的结构不会发生变化,分子间相互作用的改变能够完全恢复;高于70℃降温后聚集体聚集程度的降低不能完全恢复.在一定温度下极化可使发色团偶极子定向有序排列,形成J-聚集体.偶氮聚合物薄膜的二阶非线性光学特性起源于偶极子模型,极化温度是影响极化膜二次谐波强度的重要因素之一,该偶氮聚合物薄膜的最佳极化温度约为90℃.     

分散橙3掺杂聚合物薄膜的全光极化特性及其驰豫过程研究

利用旋涂法制备了分散橙3（DO3）/PMMA主客体掺杂薄膜,对其吸收谱、厚度和折射率进行了测量,并采用全光极化的方法对薄膜的二阶非线性光学特性进行了研究。实验结果表明,随着厚度的增加其二阶非线性先增强后减弱,d33最大值约为0.827×10-2pm/V。对极化饱和后的驰豫情况进行了分析,发现不同厚度薄膜的驰豫时间不同,这是由于薄膜中偶氮含量和厚度的不同,分子间的相互作用对顺反异构逆过程的快慢有较大的影响。     

两种偶氮化合物主客体掺杂薄膜的全光极化特性研究

利用旋涂法制备了两种PMMA-偶氮化合物主客体掺杂型薄膜,并对其进行全光极化,采用紫外-可见吸收谱和二次谐波产生的方法研究了薄膜的二阶非线性光学特性.实验结果表明,4′-Nitro-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene的二阶非线性光学系数d33＝6.89×10-1 pm/V,4′-Iodo-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene的d33＝7.77×10-2 pm/V;这两种薄膜在全光极化过程中二次谐波产生(SHG)强度随膜厚的变化规律以及极化饱和后的弛豫情况不相同.这些现象可从理论上解释为偶氮化合物的取代基不同而导致偶氮分子的偶极性和偶氮分子与基质间相互作用不同所产生的影响.     

分散橙3掺杂聚合物薄膜的全光极化特性及其驰豫过程研究

利用旋涂法制备了分散橙3(DO3)/PMMA主客体掺杂薄膜,对其吸收谱、厚度和折射率进行了测量,并采用全光极化的方法对薄膜的二阶非线性光学特性进行了研究.实验结果表明,随着厚度的增加其二阶非线性先增强后减弱,d33最大值约为0.827×10~(-2) pm/V.对极化饱和后的驰豫情况进行了分析,发现不同厚度薄膜的驰豫时间不同,这是由于薄膜中偶氮含量和厚度的不同,分子间的相互作用对顺反异构逆过程的快慢有较大的影响.     

极化聚合物薄膜中二阶非线性系数的测定和稳定性研究

详细介绍了极化聚合物薄膜中二阶非线性系数的测定方法，讨论了这种体系中进行时间稳定性研究的有关问题。估计了ＤＡＮＳ掺杂的这种聚合物中从取向状态到无序分布的表观活化能，讨论了最优入射θｍ在弛豫过程中的变化幅度与材料的时间稳定性的关系。     

偶氮聚合物薄膜的全光极化研究

报告了分散红共聚物膜HMMM-DR1,HMMM-DR19和偶氮侧链聚合物膜PCN6和PCN2的合成和制备, 并以HMMM-DR1和PCN6为代表比较研究了这两种具有不同吸收性质材料的全光极化特性,研究了他们的实时极化和弛豫过程,对他们的全光极化性质作了最基本的表征.研究了倍频光吸收对薄膜光极化效率的影响,讨论了偶氮聚合物材料光诱导二阶非线性极化率的效率和倍频光透射率之间的折衷关系,这对实用化的全光器件的研制是至关重要的.实验确证了在PCN6薄膜中实现了准相位匹配.对厚膜中光诱导二阶非线性极化率的弛豫抑制效应作出解释.     

非对称量子阱中的二阶非线性光学极化率

本文主要研究了一个特殊非对称量子阱中的二阶非线性光学极化率,并且利用量子力学中的密度矩阵算符理论和迭代方法导出了二次谐波极化率的解析表达式.最后,以典型的GaAs/AlGaAs非对称量子阱为例作了数值计算.数值结果表明,较大的二次谐波极化率与系统的非对称性有关,系统的非对称性越大,二次谐波极化率越大.     

全光极化聚合物薄膜中染料分子取向的模型

对光极化后偶氮染料聚合物薄膜中染料分子的取向方式进行了研究,指出当写入光（基频与其倍频光）为线偏振且偏振方向互相平行时,极化薄膜中多数染料分子垂直写入光偏振的方向作轴向排列,而少数分子沿平行于写入光偏振的方向作极性排列,但只有后者对薄膜的宏观二阶非线性有贡献,实验证实了上述模型。     

甲基红染料掺杂的聚乙烯醇薄膜光存储特性的实验研究

用2倍频小型YAG激光(532nm)作为写入光和擦除光,用He-Ne激光器623.8nm线作为读出光,用CCD作为探测器,研究了不同写入光功率下,甲基红/聚乙烯醇(MR/PVA)薄膜光栅生长的动力学过程和不同擦除光功率下,光栅擦除的动力学过程.结合光栅生长曲线的波动现象,对光存储机制进行了新的探讨.实验发现,两写入光和读出光的功率配比为1:1:1时,可获得最大衍射效率,提出读出光对写入过程具有双重作用的物理模型,对此实验结果给出了合理的解释.     

菌紫质光致变色吸收特性的二能级理论研究

采用二能级模型(B态和M态)简化菌紫质(bR)光循环过程,建立了菌紫质光致变色吸收特性的数学方程,数值计算了bR膜对570nm单光束和对570nm与412nm双光束的吸收特性.计算表明,bR膜的光吸收特性与入射光波长、入射光强、摩尔消光系数、光密度和M态寿命有很大的关系.bR膜用于光存储时,读出光强和M态寿命是影响bR读出使用时间的两个重要因素.570nm与412nm双光束作用于bR膜时,可以实现以光控光操作,但由于570nm黄光的透过动态范围要比412nm紫光的透过动态范围大得多,因而在实际应用中应以黄光作为信息光,紫光作为控制光.基于bR膜对黄、紫光束的吸收特性,可以将其应用于亮背景滤除、反象器、图象相减、光寻址空间光调制器等光信息处理领域.     

Permanent light-induced polar orientation via all-optical poling and photothermal cross-linking in a polymer thin film

An epoxy-based crosslinkable polymer functionalized with nonlinear optical (NLO) photochromic dye known as Red Acid Magly was polarly oriented via thermally-assisted all-optical poling to enhance the photostability of the induced order. During the writing (seeding) process the film was cross-linked by heating with a hot-plate and irradiated simultaneously by the coherent superposition of the 1.06 μm fundamental and 0.532 μm second harmonic beams of a nanosecond pulsed Nd:YAG laser. We demonstrate that crosslinking between the polymer matrix and the pendant chromophore groups induced during the thermally-assisted all-optical poling procedure results in a stable light-induced second order susceptibility.     

Orientation of azobenzene molecules in polymer films induced by all-optical poling

A model of the alignment of azobenzene molecules in polymer film induced by all-optical poling is proposed and verified by experiment. We found that when the writing beams of frequencies ω and 2ω are both linearly polarized with their polarization directions parallel to each other, azobenzene molecules tend to reorient to the direction perpendicular to the writing beams polarization. At the end of the writing process, more molecules orient to the direction perpendicular to the writing beams polarization than those which orient to the parallel direction. The alignment of molecules parallel or perpendicular to the polarization of the writing beams is characteristic of polarity or no polarity, respectively. The alignment of molecules along the polarization of writing beams results in the second order nonlinearity in the polymer film. According to the model, a new method to improve the optical poling efficiency is put forward.     

All-optical Boolean logic gate using azo-dye doped polymer film

Methyl orange is an excellent nonlinear optical material. Both ordinary intense modulation holograph and the polarization holograph can be recorded in the methyl orange-polyvinyl alcohol (MO-PVA) film. The polarization state relationship among two writing beams, reading beam, and diffraction beam can be used for construction all-optical Boolean logic gate.     

非线性光学薄膜输出特性的研究

对单层、双层非线性光学薄膜的输出特性进行数值计算,发现材料非线性特性对光学双稳态输出特性影响较大,而选择合适的双层结构可以获得较低的双稳态阈值光强以及光放大作用。双层非线性光学薄膜间的距离以及入射光的准直性极大地影响着双稳态输出特性.     

Methods of enhancement of the efficiency of generation of the second optical harmonic of spatially limited laser beams

Frequency doubling of spatially limited laser beams in nonlinear optical crystals is analyzed. Conditions are found under which the diaphragm aperture effect limiting the efficiency of the process of second optical harmonic generation can be reduced. It is shown that a spatial shift of mutually orthogonally polarized beams of fundamental radiation in the direction perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the waves, as well as the optimization of the ratio of the spatial dimensions and the intensity at the entrance of the nonlinear medium, gives rise to an increase in the efficiency of second harmonic generation.     

Incoherent light-induced self-organization of molecules

Although coherent light is usually required for the self-organization of regular spatial patterns from optical beams, we show that peculiar light-matter interaction can break this evidence. In the traditional method of recording laser-induced periodic surface structures, a light intensity distribution is produced at the surface of a polymer film by an interference between two coherent optical beams. We report on the self-organization followed by propagation of a surface relief pattern. It is induced in a polymer film by using a low-power and small-size coherent beam assisted by a high-power and large-size incoherent and unpolarized beam. We demonstrate that we can obtain large size and well-organized patterns starting from a dissipative interaction. Our experiments open new directions to improving optical processing systems.     

Observation of self-diffraction by gratings in nematic liquid crystals doped with carbon nanotubes

Diffraction gratings were studied in cells of the homogeneously aligned liquid-crystal E7 doped with multiwall carbon nanotubes. These phase gratings were induced by interference modulation of two coherent optical beams, in conjunction with an applied dc field that was perpendicular to the unperturbed director axis. Self-diffraction was observed at all angles of incidence of the writing beams, including normal incidence. A superior nonlinear-index coefficient of 5x10(-2)cm(2)/W was obtained after passage of a 44-mW/cm(2) beam through a film with a grating constant of 18 mum under an external voltage of 15 V. The observed phenomenon depends strongly on the applied dc field, and the memory effect in a nematic film depends strongly on the grating constant.     

Photorefractive effect induced by polarization gratings in dye-doped liquid crystals

We report on the photorefractive effect induced by a polarization grating in the presence of dc voltage in a dye-doped liquid-crystal (DDLC) film. The writing beams are two orthogonally (left- and right-circularly) polarized laser beams that create a spatially polarization-modulated interference field with constant intensity. The photorefractivity is ascribed to the absorption anisotropy of the azo dye. The unique dichroism of a DDLC cell causes a spatial variation in the absorption of light in response to a polarization-modulated interference field. Such a variation establishes a space-charge field in the presence of dc voltage, generating photorefractivity. Two-beam couplings were also verified and measured dynamically during the formation of the photorefractive grating in this study.