Some applications of a galerkin-collocation method for boundary integral equations of the first kind

Here we apply the boundary integral method to several plane interior and exterior boundary value problems from conformal mapping, elasticity and fluid dynamics. These are reduced to equivalent boundary integral equations on the boundary curve which are Fredholm integral equations of the first kind having kernels with logarithmic singularities and defining strongly elliptic pseudodifferential operators of order - 1 which provide certain coercivity properties. The boundary integral equations are approximated by Galerkin's method using B-splines on the boundary curve in connection with an appropriate numerical quadrature, which yields a modified collocation scheme. We present a complete asymptotic error analysis for the fully discretized numerical equations which is based on superapproximation results for Galerkin's method, on consistency estimates and stability properties in connection with the illposedness of the first kind equations in L₂. We also present computational results of several numerical experiments revealing accuracy, efficiency and an amazing asymptotical agreement of the numerical with the theoretical errors. The method is used for computations of conformal mappings, exterior Stokes flows and slow viscous flows past elliptic obstacles.     

平面弹性力学问题等价的间接变量边界积分方程

用变分法确立平面弹性力学外边值问题的确切形式.在此基础之上,导出外边值问题的等价的间接变量边界积分方程.一些实例表明传统的惯用的直接变量边界积分方程与原边值问题是不等价的.     

A wavelets method for plane elasticity problem

A Neumann boundary value problem of plane elasticity problem in the exterior circular domain is reduced into an equivalent natural boundary integral equation and a Poisson integral formula with the DtN method. Using the trigonometric wavelets and Galerkin method, we obtain a fast numerical method for the natural boundary integral equation which has an unique solution in the quotient space. We decompose the stiffness matrix in our numerical method into four circulant and symmetrical or antisymmetrical submatrices, and hence the solution of the associated linear algebraic system can be solved with the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) instead of the inverse matrix. Examples are given for demonstrating our method has good accuracy of our method even though the exact solution is almost singular.     

Function theoretical approach to anisotropic plane elasticity

The representation of general solutions of Lame system of plane elasticity is given with the help of so-called Douglis analytic functions. Using integral representation of these functions the basic boundary value problems for Lame system are reduced to equivalent singular integral equations on the boundary. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

The coupling of boundary integral and finite element methods for the bidimensional exterior steady stokes problem

In this paper, we represent a new numerical method for solving the steady-state Stokes equations in an unbounded plane domain. The technique consists in coupling the boundary integral and the finite element methods. An artificial smooth boundary is introduced separating an interior inhomogeneous region from an exterior one. The solution in the exterior domain is represented by an integral equation over the artificial boundary. This integral equation is incorporated into a velocitypressure formulation for the interior region, and a finite element method is used to approximate the resulting variational problem. This is studied by means of an abstract framework, well adapted to the model problem, in which convergence results and optimal error estimates are derived. Computer results will be discussed in a forthcoming paper.     

Equivalent boundary integral equations for plane elasticity

Indirect and direct boundary integral equations equivalent to the original boundary value problem of differential equation of plane elasticity are established rigorously. The unnecessity or deficiency of some customary boundary integral equations is indicated by examples and numerical comparison.     

Canonical Boundary Element Method for Plane Elasticity Problems

In this paper, we apply the canonical boundary reduction, suggested by Feng Kang, to the plane elasticity problems, find the expressions of canonical integral equations and Poisson integral formulas in some typical domains. We also give the numerical method for solving these equations together with their convergence and error estimates. Coupling with classical finite element method, this method can be applied to other domains.     

Integral equations of plane static boundary value problems in the moment elasticity theory of inhomogeneous isotropic media

Boundary value problems in the plane moment and simplified moment elasticity theory of inhomogeneous isotropic media are reduced to Riemann-Hilbert boundary value problems for a quasianalytic vector. Uniquely solvable integral equations over a domain are derived. As a result, weak solutions for composite inhomogeneous elastic media can be determined straightforwardly.     

On the Solution of the Exterior Dirichlet Problem for an Axisymmetric Potential

For an unbounded domain of the meridian plane with bounded smooth boundary that satisfies certain additional conditions, we develop a method for the reduction of the Dirichlet problem for an axisymmetric potential to Fredholm integral equations. In the case where the boundary of the domain is a unit circle, we obtain a solution of the exterior Dirichlet problem in explicit form.     

A numerical solution of the dirichlet problem on some special doubly connected regions

The aim of this paper is to give a convergence proof of a numerical method for the Dirichlet problem on doubly connected plane regions using the method of reflection across the exterior boundary curve (which is analytic) combined with integral equations extended over the interior boundary curve (which may be irregular with infinitely many angular points).     

The Far-Field Equations in Linear Elasticity for Disconnected Rigid Bodies and Cavities

In this paper the far-field equations in linear elasticity for scattering from disjoint rigid bodies and cavities are considered. The direct scattering problem is formulated in differential and integral form. The boundary integral equations are constructed using a combination of single- and double-layer potentials. Using a Fredholm type theory it is proved that these boundary integral equations are uniquely solvable. Assuming that the incident field is produced by a superposition of plane incident waves in all directions of propagation and polarization it is established that the scattered field is also expressed as the superposition of the corresponding scattered fields. A pair of integral equations of the first kind which hold independently of the boundary conditions are constructed for the far-field region. The properties of the Herglotz functions are used to derive solvability conditions for the far-field equations. It is also proved that the far-field operators, in terms of which we can express the far-field equations, are injective and have dense range. An analytical example for spheres illuminates the theoretical results.     

On Mappings of Plane Domains by Solutions of Second-Order Elliptic Equations

In this paper, we study sufficient conditions for the one-to-one solvability of secondorder partial differential equations in a plane Jordan domain. For a continuous one-to-one and orientation-keeping map of the boundary of a Jordan domain to the rectifiable boundary of some other Jordan domain, we prove the following property: If the Cauchy integral whose measure is generated by this map is bounded by some constant in the exterior domain, then the solution to the corresponding Dirichlet problem in the domain with this boundary function maps these domains one-to-one. In the proof of the main result we use integral representations of equation solutions, particularly, properties of Fredholm-type integral equations on the domain boundary.     

圆外平面弹性问题的边界积分公式

将边界上的应力函数及其法向导数展开为罗朗级数,与复应力函数的罗朗级数的表达式对比,可以确定罗朗级数的各系数,再利用傅利叶级数和卷积的几个公式进行计算,得到应力函数边界积分公式．通过边界的应力函数及其法向导数的积分,直接得到圆外应力函数值,并给出几个算例,表明结果用于求解单位圆外平面弹性问题十分方便．     

Mixed problems of axisymmetric elasticity theory for some bodies of revolution

We consider the problem of axisymmetric elasticity theory for a space with an elongated ellipsoidal cavity with mixed boundary conditions of smooth contact on the cavity surface and the main mixed problem of axisymmetric elasticity theory for a hyperboloidal layer formed by the two surfaces of a two-cavity hyperboloid of revolution symmetrical about the plane z = O. The problems are solved by the method of p-analytical functions. The solution of the first problem is reduced to solving a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. We investigate the behavior of the normal stress near the boundary lines. The solution of the second problem is reduced to solving a system of two Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. Existence and uniqueness of the solution is proved for this system.Kiev University. Translated from Vychislitel'naya i Prikladnaya Matematika, No. 67, pp. 88–101, 1989.     

平面Laplace问题的等价间接变量边界积分方程

利用变分法证明平面调和函数的外问题的确切形式；在此基础上，建立外问题的具有间接变量的等价边界积分方程；传统的外问题及边界积分方程不具有普遍适用性，本文对此进行了详细的讨论．     

On Boundary Integral Equations of the First Kind

A large class of elliptic boundary value problems in elasticity and fluid mechanics can be reduced to systems of boundary integral equations of the first kind. This paper summarizes some of the basic concepts and results concerning the mathematical foundation of boundary element methods for treating such a class of boundary integral equations.     

Numerical method for the solution of integral equations in a problem with directional derivative for the Laplace equation outside open curves

By using a simple layer potential and an angular potential, one can reduce the problem with a directional derivative for the Laplace equation outside several open curves on the plane to a uniquely solvable system of integral equations that consists of an integral equation of the second kind and additional integral conditions. The kernel in the integral equation of the second kind contains singularities and can be represented as a Cauchy singular integral. We suggest a numerical method for solving a system of integral equations. Quadrature formulas for the logarithmic and angular potentials are represented. The quadrature formula for the logarithmic potential preserves the property of its continuity across the boundary (open curves).     

Diffraction d'une Onde Acoustique par une Paroi Absorbante: Nouvelles Equations Intégrales

We present here a new formulation of the exterior Robin problem of the reduced wave equation, using boundary integrals with the jumps of the function and its normal derivative as variables. Our system of integral equations present an important advantage for any numerical purpose: it can be transformed in a variational problem where the sesqui-linear form is coercive and is exempt of hyper singular integrals.     

Integral equations for the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary value problems in a plane domain with a cusp on the boundary

The boundary equations of the logarithmic potential theory corresponding to the interior Dirichlet problem and the exterior Neumann problem for a plane domain with a cusp on the boundary are studied. Solvability theorems are proved for these integral equations in the spacesL ^p. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 59, No. 6, pp. 881–892, June, 1996.     

Solution for a problem of linear plane elasticity with mixed boundary conditions on an ellipse by the method of boundary integrals

A numerical boundary integral scheme is proposed for the solution of the system of field equations of plane, linear elasticity in stresses for homogeneous, isotropic media in the domain bounded by an ellipse under mixed boundary conditions. The stresses are prescribed on one half of the ellipse, while the displacements are given on the other half. The method relies on previous analytical work within the Boundary Integral Method [1], [2].The considered problem with mixed boundary conditions is replaced by two subproblems with homogeneous boundary conditions, one of each type, having a common solution. The equations are reduced to a system of boundary integral equations, which is then discretized in the usual way and the problem at this stage is reduced to the solution of a rectangular linear system of algebraic equations. The unknowns in this system of equations are the boundary values of four harmonic functions which define the full elastic solution inside the domain, and the unknown boundary values of stresses or displacements on proper parts of the boundary.On the basis of the obtained results, it is inferred that the tangential stress component on the fixed part of the boundary has a singularity at each of the two separation points, thought to be of logarithmic type. A tentative form for the singular solution is proposed to calculate the full solution in bulk directly from the given boundary conditions using the well-known Boundary Collocation Method. It is shown that this addition substantially decreases the error in satisfying the boundary conditions on some interval not containing the singular points.The obtained results are discussed and boundary curves for unknown functions are provided, as well as three-dimensional plots for quantities of practical interest. The efficiency of the used numerical schemes is discussed, in what concerns the number of boundary nodes needed to calculate the approximate solution.