全国科学技术名词审定委员会召开新闻发布会──公布101—109号元素的中文定名 发布有关信息科学技术新词定名

全国科学技术名词审定委员会于1998年7月8日在北京召开新闻发布会。这次会议的主要内容有：（一）公布101—109号元素的中文定名;（二）发布有关信息科学技术新词定名。本刊现将有关文件刊出,供化学教育工作者学习、使用。（一）全国科学技术名词审定委员会公布101—109号元素中文名称全国科学技术名词审定委员会化学名词审定分委员会于1998年1月中旬召开了无机化学名词扩大会议,会议根据国际纯粹与应用化学联合会（IUPAC）1997年8月27日决定对101—109号元素英文名称重新命名的意见,审定了相应的中文命名。参加会议的有化学、物理学…     

熳环环系(Mancude-Ring Systems)和汉栖-魏德曼(Hantzsch-Widman)杂环的中文系统命名

讨论了含最大非累积双键数的不饱和环系在有机化合物中文命名中的表达问题以及杂环单环的系统命名方法.     

有机化合物系统命名中各种“基”的命名建议

主要讨论有机化合物命名中各种"基"在中文中的表达方式和使用。     

超镄元素的名称之争暂告结束

本刊曾报道过,1994年8月31日,国际纯粹化学与应用化学联合会(( IUPAC )的无机化合物命名委员会的来自12国的20名成员讨论了超锵元素的第101号元素至109号元素的命名问题,并一致通过建议将这些人造元素命名(见表内“1999年命名”)。但是,美国化学会对此有保留意见,并提出了一个命名(见表内“ACS命名”)。     

第101至109号元素的英文命名

第１０１至１０９号元素的英文命名ＩＵＰＡＣ无机化学命名委员会于１９９４年１２月发表第１０１至１０９号元素的命名如下。详见ＰｕｒｅＡｐｐｌ．Ｃｈｅｍ．，１９９４：６６（１２）：２４１９（童卫粟）第101至109号元素的英文命名@童卫粟...     

超镄元素的名称

1994年8月31日,国际纯粹与应用化学联合会（IUPAC）的无机化合物命名委员会的来自12国的20名成员讨论了超钦元素的第101号元素至109号元素的命名问题,并一致通过建议将这些人造元素命名如下：     

中文无机物命名法的演变

通过对近代化学中文无机物命名法演变历程的分析与研究,分4个历史时期,系统地介绍了我国无机物命名的4个发展阶段及其特点。即：“甲午”之前贴近通俗化,清末民初走向系统化,南京十年时期步入规范化,现代时期迈向国际化。     

国际化学物质命名原则的中译

中译前言化学物质的系统命名是一件相当困难的工作。西洋各国的化学物质命名问题亦曾经过长期的讨论。现在公认的化学物质命名原则是1940年国际化学会无机化学命名改良委员会的报告和1930年国际有机化学命名改良委员会的报告。兹当中文化学物质命名亟待全部确订之际,译者特根据化学物质命名原则将这两篇报告予以译出,以供研究化学物质中文命名的参考。并在此,暂将这两篇报告总称为     

中国近代化学传播的开拓者——虞和钦

虞和钦先生是中国近代化学的传播人和开拓者,他最早向国内读者介绍了化学元素周期律;也是最早将"某化某"式无机物命名方式引入并应用于无机物的中文命名上;还是制订有机物系统名称的第一人;创办了上海科学仪器馆,为我国的科学仪器,特别是化学仪器以及化学实验的发展奠定了基础,并开创了我国的化学工业。     

《化学通报》征集英文稿件启事

<正>为促进国内外的学术交流,经国家新闻出版广电总局新出审字[2013]449号文件批复,同意本刊的文种由汉文变更为中英文。现向国内外广大作者征集英文稿件。1自2013年下半年起,本刊将在"进展评述"、"研究论文"和"研究简报"3个栏目中陆续开始增加刊登以英文撰写的论文。2"进展评述"的英文论文应以对作者本人及所在课题组的工作的总结和评述为主,而不接收文献总结性质的论文;"研究论文"和"研究简报"栏目的要求与本刊中文稿件相同。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.