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层状双金属氢氧化物(LDHs)由于其特殊的二维平面层状结构和良好的生物兼容性(低毒性),可以和不同材料杂化形成生态环境友好的纳米复合材料,广泛应用在生物分子的贮存、药物输送载体、有机催化、环境污染物的吸附去除以及光、电、磁等方面。本文介绍了LDHs的结构、制备、性能以及在绿色材料领域的应用研究进展,并对LDHs在绿色材料领域的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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层状双金属氧化物材料(LDHs)作为最常见的二维材料,在环境污染治理领域展现出巨大的优势. LDHs具有来源广泛、易于制备、较大的表面积、可调控的化学结构、环境友好等优点,最近几年其改性材料多用于放射性核素的高效去除.本文介绍了常用的LDHs材料及其衍生物的制备方法以及它们在放射性核素处理方面的应用及其相互作用机制,最后对LDHs材料的应用和挑战给出了个人见解.本综述为高效去除放射性核素的LDHs材料的设计指明了方向,为放射性核素的高效处理处置提供了新材料. 相似文献
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《中国科学:化学》2021,(5)
重金属污染土壤/水形势严峻,修复工作迫在眉睫.开发高效率、低成本、易操作的重金属污染土壤/水修复材料及技术极具重要现实意义.类水滑石(又称双金属复合氢氧化物, LDHs)是一类典型的无机层状结构材料.独特的组成及结构特点使得LDHs在重金属离子去除领域表现出良好的应用前景,特别是在原位修复重金属污染土壤领域已实现应用,表现出超稳矿化性能,修复效果显著,同时为重金属污染水修复工作提供了新的思路.本文总结了近年来LDHs作为修复材料在重金属污染土壤/水修复方面的工作,阐述了LDHs材料的结构与性能间的内在关联和作用机理,并对该材料在去除重金属离子方面存在的问题及应用前景进行了汇总和展望. 相似文献
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水滑石(LDHs)及其衍生物在生物医药领域的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
生物医学涉及到人类健康相关的多个领域: 临床医疗、公共卫生、医药研发等多个方面. 其中在医药研发领域, 基于插层结构的纳米药物载体的研发已经成为重要发展方向之一. 水滑石(LDHs)及其衍生物具有成本低、合成简单、载药高效、细胞膜透过率高、生物相容性好、易降解等优点, 在生物医药领域得到了广泛关注. 本文主要介绍了LDHs及其衍生物的制备方法, 以及在抗菌治疗、生物成像和肿瘤治疗等方面的应用. 此外, 还简述了LDHs材料的规模化生产方法和现状, 进一步分析了LDHs的实际应用前景. 最后, 对LDHs材料在生物医药领域的未来发展方向进行了展望. 相似文献
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阴离子层状材料的可控制备 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
LDHs (layered double hydroxides)是一类具有相同结构、不同物理化学性质的阴离子层状无机功能材料,作为催化剂、催化剂载体和催化剂前驱体在催化领域得到了广泛的关注. 本文综述了LDHs制备技术的最新发展,并从粒径控制、结晶度控制、形貌控制、含贵金属LDHs以及原位固载化等方面详细讨论了LDHs的可控制备技术. 相似文献
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This report surveys the recent development of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as catalytic materials, which have attracted
considerable attention in the past decade. A major challenge in the rapidly growing field is to improve the functionalities
of these materials. Therefore, this article is mainly focused on the lately reported design and synthesis strategies for LDH
materials and their catalytic applications as actual catalysts, catalyst precursors and catalyst supports. 相似文献
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氨基硼烷化合物近年来在储氢材料的开发以及在有机合成中的应用非常广泛。本文综述了氨基硼烷的合成及其作为储氢材料的研究进展,以及近十几年来氨基硼烷在有机合成中作为还原试剂、在不对称还原反应中作手性催化剂及其他反应中的应用研究进展。指出加入金属氢化物制备的金属氨硼烷具有较优的放氢性能、可再生氨硼烷储氢材料的开发和制备是储氢材料新的发展方向;发展清洁高效的绿色还原体系和高选择性的手性氨硼烷催化剂是氨硼烷研究领域的新热点;氨硼烷试剂在储氢材料开发和绿色还原试剂领域具有潜在的实际应用价值。 相似文献
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The increasing environmental concern and promotion of “green processes” are forcing the substitution of traditional acid and base homogeneous catalysts by solid ones. Among these heterogeneous catalysts, zeolites and zeotypes can be considered as real “green” catalysts, due to their benign nature from an environmental point of view. The importance of these inorganic molecular sieves within the field of heterogeneous catalysis relies not only on their microporous structure and the related shape selectivity, but also on the flexibility of their chemical composition. Modification of the zeolite framework composition results in materials with acidic, basic or redox properties, whereas multifunctional catalysts can be obtained by introducing metals by ion exchange or impregnation procedures, that can catalyze hydrogenation–dehydrogenation reactions, and the number of commercial applications of zeolite based catalysts is continuously expanding.In this review we discuss determinant issues for the development of zeolite based catalysts, going from zeolite catalyst preparation up to their industrial application. Concerning the synthesis of microporous materials we present some of the new trends moving into larger pore structures or into organic free synthesis media procedures, thanks to the incorporation of novel organic templates or alternative framework elements, and to the use of high-throughput synthesis methods. Post-synthesis zeolite modification and final catalyst conformation for industrial use are briefly discussed.In a last section we give a thorough overview on the application of zeolites in industrial processes. Some of them are well established mature technologies, such as fluid catalytic cracking, hydrocracking or aromatics alkylation. Although the number of zeolite structures commercially used as heterogeneous catalysts in these fields is limited, the development of new catalysts is a continuous challenge due to the need for processing heavier feeds or for increasing the quality of the products. The application of zeolite based catalysts in the production of chemicals and fine chemicals is an emerging field, and will greatly depend on the discovery of new or known structures by alternative, lower cost, synthesis routes, and the fine tuning of their textural properties. Finally, biomass conversion and selective catalytic reduction for conversion of NOx are two active research fields, highlighting the interest in these potential industrial applications. 相似文献
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Flexible and Hierarchical Metal–Organic Framework Composites for High‐Performance Catalysis 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Ning Huang Hannah Drake Jialuo Li Dr. Jiandong Pang Dr. Ying Wang Shuai Yuan Qi Wang Peiyu Cai Dr. Junsheng Qin Prof. Dr. Hong‐Cai Zhou 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(29):8916-8920
The development of porous composite materials is of great significance for their potentially improved performance over those of individual components and extensive applications in separation, energy storage, and heterogeneous catalysis. Now mesoporous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with macroporous melamine foam (MF) have been integrated using a one‐pot process, generating a series of MOF/MF composite materials with preserved crystallinity, hierarchical porosity, and increased stability over that of melamine foam. The MOF nanocrystals were threaded by the melamine foam networks, resembling a ball‐and‐stick model overall. The resulting MOF/MF composite materials were employed as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the epoxidation of cholesteryl esters. Combining the advantages of interpenetrative mesoporous and macroporous structures, the MOF/melamine foam composite has higher dispersibility and more accessibility of catalytic sites, exhibiting excellent catalytic performance. 相似文献
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目前,稀土无机发光材料在激光、光通讯、平板显示、荧光生物标记和纳米光电子器件等领域具有广泛的应用前景.稀土离子(从Ce到Yb)是一类性能优异的结构和光谱探针,其在不同介质材料中的光学性能主要取决于其局域态的电子结构和激发态动力学.对稀土发光材料开展深入的光学和光电子学基础研究有助于发现新颖的光学性能或开辟新的应用领域.依托研制的低温高分辨激光光谱和上转换量子产率等仪器,本课题组致力于稀土无机发光材料电子结构与性能研究,近年来在发光材料的控制合成、电子结构、光学性能及生物应用等方面取得了系列重要结果.这些研究有望加快实现稀土无机发光材料在生物应用的突破,实现稀土资源的高值利用. 相似文献