孔雀石绿-溴酸钾催化分光光度法测量亚硝酸根

采用流动注射技术和催化分光光度法相结合,研究了在磷酸介质中,亚硝酸根对溴酸钾氧化孔雀石绿褪色反应的催化作用及其动力学条件,建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量亚硝酸根的新方法。方法检出限为0.9ng/mL,测定的线性范围为5—60ng/mL,且线性相关系数为0.9983,对于浓度为30ng/mL的亚硝酸根标准液测定的相对标准偏差仅为1.0。该方法适用范围广,具有较好的准确性、稳定性和灵敏度,且实验操作方便、快速。利用此方法测定不同水样中的亚硝酸根,加标回收率在88.6%—104.8%之间,分析结果令人满意。     

催化动力学光度法测定亚硝酸根－NO_2~－－KBrO_3－酸性铬蓝K体系中痕量亚硝酸根

本文研究，在稀磷酸介质中，亚硝酸根催化溴酸钾氧化酸性铬蓝Ｋ的退色反应，建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量亚硝酸根的新方法。方法的线性范围为０－１０μｇ／２５ｍＬ，检出限为１．８×１０－９ｇ／ｍＬ，用于水样中痕量亚硝酸根的测定，结果满意。     

催化荧光法测定痕量亚硝酸根

在稀磷酸介质中 ,溴酸钾可氧化吖啶橙使之褪色并伴随着吖啶橙荧光强度的减弱 ,但反应速率较慢。痕量亚硝酸根的存在对该反应可起到显著的催化作用 ,使反应的灵敏度明显提高 ,体系的荧光猝灭程度加强。基于此采用固定时间法提出了一种灵敏度高、选择性好的催化荧光法测定痕量亚硝酸根的新方法 ,并研究了该方法的动力学条件。催化反应在λex/λem =4 4 6 / 5 0 5nm处 ,5 5℃水浴中进行 10min。反应可允许较大量的 2 0多种常见离子存在 ,同倍量的Fe3 ,Br-、I-不干扰。亚硝酸根的线性范围为 0 0 5～ 5ng·mL-1,方法的检出限为 0 0 12ng·mL-1。用于水体和土壤中痕量亚硝酸根的测定 ,结果满意。     

反相流动注射催化光度法测定NO-2的研究

基于亚硝酸根在酸性条件下对溴酸钾氧化胭脂红酸的褪色反应的催化作用 ,将反相流动注射技术与催化光度法相结合测定亚硝酸根的含量。对实验条件进行了优化。室温下 ,当 [KBr O3 ]=0 .14 mol/L,[胭脂红酸 ]=3.2× 10 -4mol/L,[H2 SO4]=1.4 mol/L时 ,方法的线性范围为 1— 10 ng/m L,检出限为0 .7ng/m L。用于几种河水水样测定 ,结果满意。     

邻苯二酚紫催化光度法测定亚硝酸根的研究

基于亚硝酸根对溴酸钾氧化邻苯二酚紫使其褪色的催化作用,建立了一种测定痕量亚硝酸根的新方法,研究了其动力学条件,测定了反应级数和表观活化能。测定范围为０．２～３．５μｇ／１０ｍＬ。方法选择性好,迅速简便,用于水中和蔬菜中亚硝酸根的测定,结果满意     

煌焦油蓝分光光度法测定微量亚硝酸根

本文研究了在盐酸介质中微量亚硝酸根与煌焦油蓝发生的重氮化反应,建立了测量微量亚硝酸根的新方法。方法的线性范围为０．５￣１２μｇＮＯ２＾－／２５ｍＬ,检出限为０．５μｇ ＮＯ２＾－／２５ｍＬ。方法已用于水中微量亚硝酸根的测定。并对机理进行了初步讨论。     

甲基橙褪色分光光度法测定亚硝酸根

基于硫酸介质中亚硝酸根催化溴酸钾氧化甲基橙的褪色反应建立了测定痕量亚硝酸根的新方法,方法检出限为8.1×10-2μg/mL,线性范围0.1—0.4μg/mL,本方法可用于水及蔬菜中痕量亚硝酸根的测定。     

痕量亚硝酸根的测定及其反应动力学研究

基于盐酸介质中亚硝酸根对过硫酸钾氧化甲基红的褪色反应具有明显的催化作用,提出了测定痕量亚硝酸根的“NO-₂-S₂O2-₈-MR”新体系。结合单因素实验和正交实验建立了该新体系测定痕量亚硝酸根的最佳条件,分析了最佳实验条件下痕量亚硝酸根测定的标准曲线、检出限、精密度和抗离子干扰性能,并讨论了其反应动力学原理及参数,推导了测定痕量亚硝酸根的定量依据。研究表明,该痕量亚硝酸根测定方法的最佳实验条件为：1.0 mL 0.3 mol·L-1盐酸,1.0 mL 0.01 mol·L-1过硫酸钾,0.6 mL 0.2 g·L-1甲基红,在80 ℃水浴加热9 min;定量依据为：在最佳条件下,甲基红最大吸收波长518 nm处的浓度变化ln(A₀/A)与亚硝酸根浓度呈良好线性关系,其线性范围为0.01～0.80 mg·L-1,检出限为0.007 mg·L-1;动力学特征为：亚硝酸根是一级反应,该体系符合准一级反应特征,表观活化能为85.04 kJ·mol-1,80 ℃时表观速率常数为0.021 4 min-1,半衰期为32.39 min;动力学原理为：甲基红浓度变化ln(A₀/A)与亚硝酸根浓度符合以下正比关系ln(A₀/A)=kｃ_NO-2;该痕量亚硝酸根测定方法尚未见报道,精密度、准确度高,选择性好,多数常见离子不干扰亚硝酸根测定,且该方法操作方便,所用试剂廉价无毒,直接用于实测食品及水样中痕量亚硝酸根含量,结果满意。     

分光光度法测定食品中痕量亚硝酸根

基于稀硫酸介质中,亚硝酸根与藏红T的褪色反应,建立了测定痕量亚硝酸根的新的褪色光度法。在适宜的实验条件下,方法的线性范围为0.02—0.2μg/mL,检出限为0.014μg/mL,该方法已用于食品中亚硝酸根含量的测定。     

溴酸钾-猩红3B体系中催化光度法测定痕量亚硝酸根

基于稀磷酸介质中亚硝酸根催化溴酸钾氧化猩红3B的褪色反应,建立测定痕量亚硝酸根的新方法.方法检出限为1.36×10-3μg/mL,线性范围为0.012-0.080μg/mL,回收率为98.8%-101.0%.方法已用于水中亚硝酸根的测定,结果令人满意.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.     

A novel methodology for photometric compensation of projection display on patterned screen

We propose a novel methodology based on the projector-camera (ProCam) system to address the photometric compensation issue for the projection display on the patterned screen.The patterned screen is treated as the combination of a perfect white screen and a color modulator.The perfect white screen is used to automatically and accurately characterize the ProCam system offline using the polynomial model,and the parameters of the color modulator can be efficiently recovered by employing only two gray images based on the linear reflectance model.The experimental results show that the color artifacts of the display image can be greatly improved with this methodology,which demonstrates its feasibility and validity in the photometric compensation.