Fe3O4/g-C3N4磁性固相萃取湖水中的3种苯甲酰脲杀虫剂

建立了Fe3O4/g-C3N4磁性固相萃取,结合高效液相色谱-可变波长紫外检测,用于测定湖水中3种苯甲酰脲杀虫剂的新方法.实验考察了溶液pH、离子强度、吸附剂用量、吸附时间、洗脱溶剂种类和体积对3种目标物回收率的影响.在最优实验条件下,氟铃脲和虱螨脲在0.50～500 ng/mL(r≥0.9997)、氟啶脲在0.20～...     

磁固相萃取结合高效液相色谱检测农田灌溉水中4种苯甲酰脲类农药

采用溶剂热法制备了磁性金属有机骨架吸附剂Fe_3O_4-NH_2@MIL-101,通过电子显微镜、红外光谱、X射线衍射对吸附剂的形貌和组成进行了表征,磁强计对吸附剂的磁强度进行了测定。使用该吸附剂进行磁固相萃取,结合高效液相色谱-紫外检测,对农田灌溉水中4种苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂(氯吡脲、氟幼脲、氟铃脲和虱螨脲)进行分析。实验对吸附和洗脱条件进行了优化,包括吸附剂用量、吸附时间、pH值、离子强度、洗脱溶剂种类以及洗脱时间和体积。在最佳实验条件下,方法能够有效富集灌溉水中的苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂。4种苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂在0. 010～3. 0 mg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0. 999 5,检出限为0. 03～0. 09μg/L,定量下限为0. 10～0. 30μg/L。方法的加标回收率为81. 7%～95. 4%,RSD小于10%。该方法前处理操作简便,萃取用时不超过15 min,可用于农田灌溉水中苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂的检测。     

MIL-53(Fe)@聚多巴胺@Fe_3O_4磁性复合材料的制备及其用于环境水样中磺酰脲类除草剂的磁固相萃取

制备了MIL-53(Fe)和聚多巴胺(PDA)修饰的磁性Fe_3O_4复合材料MIL-53(Fe)@PDA@Fe_3O_4,并将其作为吸附剂用于磁固相萃取-高效液相色谱法(MSPE-HPLC)检测环境水样中4种磺酰脲类除草剂(甲嘧磺隆、苄嘧磺隆、吡嘧磺隆和氯嘧磺隆)。实验优化了高效液相色谱条件(乙腈和含0.01%(体积分数)三氟乙酸的水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长为233 nm)及磁固相萃取条件(洗脱剂为5 mL丙酮,萃取时间为4.5 min,吸附剂用量为60 mg,NaCl加入量为0.5 g,溶液pH值为3),在最佳条件下进行方法学考察,4种磺酰脲类除草剂均得到良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)≥0.998 0。方法的检出限(LOD,S/N=3)为0.28~0.77μg/L。将建立的方法用于3种环境水样中4种磺酰脲类除草剂的检测,其加标回收率为78.8%~109.7%。结果表明,制备的功能化复合材料结合了MIL-53(Fe)和Fe_3O_4的优点,可以简便快速地萃取分离环境水样中磺酰脲类除草剂。     

基于咪唑酯骨架结构材料-7的涡旋辅助微固相萃取

采用漩涡辅助微固相萃取的样品前处理方法,并结合高效液相色谱检测水样中的紫外吸收剂。沸石咪唑酯骨架结构材料-7(ZIF-7)具有大的比表面积,永久性孔道,开放的金属位点,以及较高的化学稳定性及水热稳定性,本文将ZIF-7作为固相萃取剂用于微固相萃取水样中的紫外吸收剂。实验考察了萃取剂用量、萃取时间、洗脱溶剂、洗脱时间、溶液pH值和盐浓度等对萃取效率的影响。最优实验条件为:ZIF-7的质量为15 mg,萃取时间是8 min,洗脱剂是甲醇∶乙腈(体积比3∶7),洗脱时间为5 min, NaCl溶液浓度为0 mg/mL,溶液pH为3。在此条件下,方法在2.5～750 ng/mL的范围内具有良好的线性,检出限为0.2～0.8 ng/mL,定量限为1.0～2.5 mg/mL。采用该方法分析实际水样中的紫外吸收剂,加标回收率为90.3%～111.5%,相对标准偏差为1.4%～7.2%,结果良好。     

Fe_3O_4@ILs-β-CDCP磁固相萃取-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定环境水样中铅和锑

本文制备了磁性固相萃取材料Fe_3O_4@ILs-β-CDCP,并对其进行了表征。详细考察了Fe_3O_4@ILs-β-CDCP萃取Pb(Ⅱ)和Sb(Ⅲ)的各种影响因素,如溶液pH值、样品体积、洗脱剂浓度和用量、洗脱剂类型、共存离子影响等。基于此,建立了磁固相萃取-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)同时测定Pb(Ⅱ)和Sb(Ⅲ)的新方法。在优化的条件下,该方法对Pb(Ⅱ)和Sb(Ⅲ)的检出限分别为1.50和0.54ng/mL,相对标准偏差(RSDs)分别为5.9%和2.4%(n=6,c=100.0ng/mL)。将该方法应用于实际水样中Pb(Ⅱ)和Sb(Ⅲ)的测定,其回收率分别为77.8%~106%和82.4%~107%。方法具有检出限低、操作简便等优势。     

Fe_3O_4-SiO_2-氧化石墨烯-氨基酸离子液体复合材料磁性固相萃取-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法分离分析环境水样中痕量Cd(Ⅱ)

将氨基酸离子液体(AAIL)插入氧化石墨烯(GO)片层,制备了Fe_3O_4-SiO_2-GO-AAIL复合材料。以Fe_3O_4-SiO_2-GO-AAIL复合材料作为磁性固相萃取剂的磁性固相萃取,并与电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)联用,建立了测定环境水样中痕量Cd(Ⅱ)的新方法。对萃取条件和洗脱条件进行了优化,包括pH、萃取温度、萃取时间、萃取剂用量、洗脱时间、洗脱剂浓度和用量等。结果表明,室温下,pH=9.0,振摇50 min,Fe_3O_4-SiO_2-GO-AAIL对Cd(Ⅱ)萃取率可达到93.2%,用9.0 mL 0.5 mol/L HCl洗脱,洗脱率可达100%。洗脱液中的Cd(Ⅱ)用ICP-OES法测定。本方法用于环境水样中Cd(Ⅱ)的检测,回收率范围为97.0%～99.5%。     

蔬菜中11种苯甲酰脲类农药残留的液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立了同时测定蔬菜中氯吡苯脲、除虫脲、灭幼脲、杀铃脲、氟铃脲、氟丙氧脲、氟苯脲、氟啶蜱脲、氟虫脲、丁醚脲、氟啶脲11种苯甲酰脲类农药残留的液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法.试样经乙腈提取,N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)和C18填料分散固相萃取净化,C18柱反相液相色谱分离,以甲醇-0.005 mol/L醋酸铵溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子模式离子化,多反应监测方式监测,三重四极杆质谱测定.结果表明:试样中添加10、20、50 μg/kg的11种苯甲酰脲类农药,回收率为69% ～109%,相对标准偏差小于16%(n=5).该方法操作简便、稳定性好、灵敏度高,检出限(LOD)为3 μg/kg,定量下限(LOQ)为10 μg/kg.     

聚[2-(丙烯酰氧基)乙基]三甲基氯化铵-乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯整体柱固相萃取结合高效液相色谱法测定尿液中3种苯二氮■类药物

以[2-(丙烯酰氧基)乙基]三甲基氯化铵(DAC)为单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂在注射器中制备聚合物整体柱,用其固相萃取尿液中溴西泮(BRZ)、劳拉西泮(LRZ)和地西泮(DZP)3种苯二氮■类药物(BZDs),并采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析。实验考察了整体柱聚合时间及固相萃取条件(淋洗溶液、洗脱溶剂种类和体积)对BZDs萃取效率的影响。结果表明,仅聚合4 h得到的整体柱对BZDs吸附效率为100%。取尿液样品4 mL上样,用4 mL H_2O冲洗,1 mL乙酸乙酯洗脱,采用高效液相色谱分析。在最优条件下,3种BZDs在4.0～1 000 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999),检出限(S/N=3)和定量限(S/N=10)分别为1.0～1.2 ng/mL和3.3～4.0 ng/mL;在10、25和50 ng/mL加标水平下回收率为81.4%～102%,日内(n=3)和日间(n=3)相对标准偏差分别为1.2%～4.5%和2.5%～8.3%。该整体柱可对尿液中3种BZDs有效净化,且富集达12～15倍。方法构筑的聚合物整体柱制备简单,萃取高效,可成功用于尿液中3种BZDs的分析。     

磁性氮掺杂石墨烯固相萃取环境水样中的4种有机氯污染物

采用化学共沉淀法成功合成了磁性氮掺杂石墨烯纳米材料, 对其吸附性能进行了初步探讨.此磁性纳米材料对对氯间二甲苯酚的吸附不局限于均匀的单分子层吸附,吸附动力学符合准二级动力学模型.将其作为磁性固相吸附剂,通过对吸附剂用量、超声萃取时间、水样pH值、上样体积等条件的优化,建立了超声辅助磁性固相萃取-气相色谱/串联质谱同时测定环境水样中的三氯生(TCS)、对氯间二甲苯酚(PCMX)、六氯苯(HCB)和2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-六氯联苯(PCB-153) 4种有机氯污染物的方法. 在优化条件下,将6.0 mg Fe3O4/N-G分散于100 mL水样中,调节水样至pH 5,超声萃取15 s,磁性分离,3 mL乙醇和2 mL二氯甲烷分步洗脱,洗脱液氮吹定容,进行气相色谱-质谱联用分析.4种有机污染物在0.1~10 μg/L范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9983~0.9999,检出限(S/N=3)和定量限(S/N=10)分别为0.05~0.6 ng/L和0.4~2.4 ng/L,3个加标浓度水平的回收率为68.3%~103.4%,日内、日间测定的相对标准偏差分别为3.3%~6.9%和3.4%~9.4%(n=6).本方法简单方便,易于操作,适用于环境水样中有机氯污染物的检测.     

基于磁性多壁碳纳米管的磁性固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定农产品中22种真菌毒素

以磁性多壁碳纳米管(Fe₃O₄-MWCNTs)为吸附剂,建立了简单、快速和高效的磁性固相萃取方法,结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱实现了对农产品中22种真菌毒素的同时检测。将Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒引入MWCNTs中制备Fe₃O₄-MWCNTs作为吸附剂,不仅可以提高多种目标真菌毒素的富集效率,还可通过外磁场进行分离,有效缩短了样品前处理时间。对影响磁性固相萃取前处理效率的提取溶液、吸附剂类型、吸附剂用量和洗脱溶液类型进行了优化。在最佳前处理条件下,结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱进行检测,结果表明,22种真菌毒素在各自的浓度范围内均具有良好的线性关系(R2≥0.9966),方法检出限(LOD, S/N=3)为0.0008～1.6337 ng/g,定量限(LOQ, S/N=10)为0.0025～5.4457 ng/g,低、中、高3个浓度水平的加标回收率为71.5%～118.4%,日内精密度为1.3%～10.9%(n=6),日间精密度为2.3%～11.6%(n=3)。本方...     

Die Kristallstruktur des W3CoB3 und der dazu isotypen Phasen Mo3CoB3, Mo3NiB3 und W3NiB3

Zusammenfassung Mo₃CoB₃, Mo₃NiB₃, W₃CoB₃ und W₃NiB₃ kristallisieren in einem eigenen Typ (W₃CoB₃-Struktur). Das trigonal prismatische Bauelement [T ₆B]^* ist zu Ketten vereinigt, wobei B₃-Gruppen entstehen. Die Phasen sind vermutlich Bor-reicher als obiger Formel entspricht.

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The crystal structure of W₃CoB₃ and the isotypic phases Mo₃CoB₃, Mo₃NiB₃, and W₃NiB₃

Mo₃CoB₃, Mo₃NiB₃, W₃CoB₃, and W₃NiB₃ were found to possess a new type of crystal structure (W₃CoB₃-structure type). Trigonal prismatic groups [T ₆B]^* are linked together forming chains in such a way that B₃-groups occur. These borides do probably exist with a larger amount of boron as to compared with the formula.

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Mit 2 Abbildungen     

γ-Nitro-γ-butyrolacton

γ-Nitro-γ-butyrolactone By oxidation of 3-(1-nitro-2-oxocyclohexyl)propanal ( 1 ) with KMnO₄, besides 3-(1′-nitro-2′-oxocyclohexyl)pripionic acid ( 2 ), the complete hydrolysis product 4-oxononanedioic acid ( 4 ) and the oxidized semi-hydrolysis product 5-(2-nitro-5-oxotetrahydro-2-furyl)pentanoic acid ( 3 ) were formed. The crystalline 3 decomposes at r.t. forming 4 and nitrous gases; its structure was established by X-ray determination.     

Synthesis of γγγ-trifluorocarbonyl compounds

γγγ-Trifluorocarbonyl compounds are easily obtained in a good yield by introduction of the 1,1,1-trifluoroethyl moiety (CF₃-CH₂-) on the -methylene group of a ketone.     

K3SbSe3, Rb3SbSe3 und Cs3SbSe3 – Synthese und Kristallstruktur

K₃SbSe₃, Rb₃SbSe₃, and Cs₃SbSe₃ – Synthesis and Crystal Structure The compounds K₃SbSe₃, Rb₃SbSe₃ and Cs₃SbSe₃ were synthesized by heating mixtures of Sb₂O₃ and an alkalicarbonate in a stream of hydrogen saturated by selenium in a temperature range between 750 °C and 800 °C. The compounds crystallize isostructural with Na₃AsS₃. A comparison of atomic distances and bond angles with those of the isostructural arsenic and bismuth compounds shows the effect of lone pairs.     

Freezing the polarization of CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbI3-xClx perovskite films

Thin films of methylammonium lead halides, CH₃NH₃PbI₃ and CH₃NH₃PbI_3-xCl_x, were deposited onto symmetrical microstructured electrode arrays of gold or platinum on Si/SiO₂ wafers. Polarization studies were carried out on perovskite films under vacuum in the dark. For poling, a constant voltage was applied to the samples while the temperature was cycled between 295 K and 4 K. The measured current densities depending on the temperature showed distinct characteristics relating strongly to the crystal phase and the dielectric properties of the perovskite films. Voltage sweeps were carried out at different scan rates at specific temperature intervals after poling. The polarization of the films due to the migration of iodide vacancies in direction of the blocking perovskite/metal interface was frozen almost up to room temperature. Charge carriers were only able to cross the blocking barrier and contribute to the current where the ions have accumulated during poling. All J-V curves showed hysteresis: inverted and regular hysteresis at room temperature and below, respectively. Inverted hysteresis originates from the slow accumulation of ions at the blocking barrier, while regular hysteresis arises from a distortion in the adjacent crystals which will be discussed.     

Synthesis of some derivatives of 3-amino-3-desoxyerythrose and 3-amino-3-desoxy-D-3-erythrose

The synthesis of derivatives of 3-amino-3-deoxy-L-erythrose by LAH or LAD reduction of the oxime of 1,2-O-isopropylidene α-L -glycero-tetros-3-ulofuranose is described.     

3x-pyrrolizin-3-ones

Condensation of pyrrole-2-dithiocarboxylates with CH acids containing ester groups, in the KOH-DMSO system, was used to prepare previously unknown 1-alkylthio-3H pyrrolizin-3-ones. The latter, treated with secondary amines, are readily converted to the corresponding 1-amino derivatives.     

3-H-pyrrolizin-3-ones

Previously unknown 1-alkylthio-3H-pyrrolizin-3-ones have been obtained by the condensation of pyrrole-2-dithiocarboxylates with CH acids containing ester groupings in the KOH-DMSO system. On treating the products with secondary amines they are readily converted into the corresponding 1-amino derivatives.Irkutsk Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk 664033. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 919–924, July, 1996. Original article submitted May 2, 1996.