γ－环糊精－SDS胶束电动色谱法分离十八甲基炔诺酮光学异构体

 研究了ＣＤ－ＳＤＳ胶束电动色谱（ＣＤ－ＭＥＫＣ）对电中性及疏水性的手性化合物的分离，并讨论了不同类型ＣＤ的手性识别作用。使用γ－ＣＤ可以有效地拆分十八甲基块诺酮（ＮＯＧ）旋光异构体。选择了最佳分离条件，通过调节ＣＤ和ＳＤＳ浓度以及其它操作条件可以把ＮＯＧ异构体很好的分离。     

γ－环糊精－SDS胶束电动色谱法分离十八甲基炔诺酮光学异构体

研究了ＣＤ－ＳＤＳ胶束电动色谱（ＣＤ－ＭＥＫＣ）对电中性及疏水性的手性化合物的分离，并讨论了不同类型ＣＤ的手性识别作用。使用γ－ＣＤ可以有效地拆分十八甲基块诺酮（ＮＯＧ）旋光异构体。选择了最佳分离条件，通过调节ＣＤ和ＳＤＳ浓度以及其它操作条件可以把ＮＯＧ异构体很好的分离。     

毛细管区带电泳法研究肾上腺素类药物的手性分离

使用β－环糊精（β－ＣＤ）及β－ＣＤ－羧甲基（ＣＭ－β－ＣＤ）作为手性选择剂,采用毛细管区带电泳法（ＣＺＥ）对去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和异丙肾上腺素的手性分离进行了研究。对影响这类药物手性分离的主要因素〔手性选择剂、背景电解质（ＢＧＥ）、分离体系的酸度和温度〕进行了讨论,并对手性识别机理进行了探讨。     

用环瑚精分离取代四氢—β—咔啉类手性化合物

毛细管电泳是一种分离手性化合物极为有效的工具。本文用β－环糊精作为手性选择剂在ＣＺＥ的模式下对取代四氢β－咔啉类手性化合物进行了成功的拆分。     

负电性和中性环糊精在毛细管电泳手性分离中的协同效应

１引言环糊精及其电中性衍生物（二甲基－β－环糊精（ＤＭ－β－ＣＤ）、三甲基－β－环糊精（ＴＭ－β－ＣＤ）、羟丙基－β－环糊精（ＨＰ－β－ＣＤ））是毛细管电泳（ＨＰＣＥ）手性分离中最常采用的手性选择剂,带电环糊精是ＨＰＣＥ手性分离中另一类重要的手性选择剂,它的带电性质使其在手性拆分过程中起到非常重要的作用。本文分别考察了带电的磺丁基－β－环糊精（ＳＢＢ－β－ＣＤ）与电中性的ＤＭ－β－ＣＤ、ＴＭ－β－ＣＤ以及ＨＰ－β－ＣＤ等３种双环糊精体系的手性拆分性能,研究了双环糊精在手性分离中所体现出的协同效应…     

醇类改性剂对胶束电动色谱分离的影响

胶束电动色谱（ＭＥＫＣ）是毛细管电泳常用的一种分离模式,它能使电中性化合物得到高效的分离．ＭＥＫＣ的分离度可通过调节电解质溶液的组成来提高．其中,有机改性剂的使用是近几年来ＭＥＫＣ研究的重点之一［１,２］．已有文献［３～５］报道以醇类作为电解质溶液的...     

疏水条件下甾体化合物的分离及环糊精的作用

分别应用胶束电动毛细管色谱法（ＭＥＣＣ）、反相色谱法和串联柱ＨＰＬＣ法分离 左旋十八甲基炔诺酮（ＬＮＧ）、睾酮（Ｔ）、孕酮（Ｐ－雌二醇（Ｅ２）等甾体化合物ＭＥＣＣ分离在未涂层毛细管柱上进行。当电泳缓冲溶液为含２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的２,６－二甲基－β环糊精（（ＤＭ－β－ＣＤ）添加剂和５０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的十二烷基硫酸钠（ＳＤＳ）的１０ｍｍｏ／Ｌ四硼酸钠（ＰＨ９．２）时,可实现快速分离。通过与反相色谱法和串联     

羧甲基—β—环糊精用于毛细管电泳中的手性分离

本文将水溶性良好的羧甲基－β－ＣＤ（ＣＭ－β－ＣＤ＿用于分离氯霉素中间体，考察了ＣＭ－β－ＣＤ作为毛细管电泳手性选择剂的分离性能。     

电动胶束色谱中弱酸性化合物的柱上浓缩富集技术的研究

提出一种电动胶束色谱（ＭＥＫＣ）中弱酸性化合物的柱上浓缩富集技术,并得到实验证实。以七种弱酸性巴比妥类药物的ＭＥＫＣ分离为例,考察了样品溶剂中表面活性剂浓度、ｐＨ值和离子强度等对富集作用的影响。表面活性剂浓度,ｐＨ值对富集效应的影响较大。采用低浓度（略高于ＣＭＣ点）表面活性剂、低浓度缓冲液作样品溶剂,调节溶剂ｐＨ值小于待测化合物的ｐＫａ－１,就可以对弱酸性化合物进行柱上富集。采用这种富集技术,可以压缩样品带的宽度从而提高柱效,在此基础上可通过加大进样量提高化合物的检测灵敏度。     

胶束电动毛细管色谱测定废水中苯胺类化合物

采用ＭＥＣＣ技术分离了环境毒物７种苯胺化合物，考察了十二烷基硫酸钠溶液对分离的影响以及影响迁移时间和峰面积重现性的因素。各化合物迁移时间的相对标准偏差ＲＳＤ〈０．５％，峰面积ＲＳＤ〈３．０。将此法应用于废水中苯胺类化合物的测定，结果令人满意。     

表面活性剂作为电解液添加剂在毛细管电泳中的应用

本综述归纳了近年来毛细管电动色谱的理论研究，以及阴离子、阳离子和非离子表面活性剂的应用研究工作，并介绍了毛细管电动色谱的改良新技术，如环糊精、胆汁盐，其它旋光异构体选择及有机溶剂等作为添加剂的应用，引用文献１７４篇。     

Bile Salts in Chiral Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography: 2000–2020

Bile salts are naturally occurring chiral surfactants that are able to solubilize hydrophobic compounds. Because of this ability, bile salts were exploited as chiral selectors added to the background solution (BGS) in the chiral micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) of various small molecules. In this review, we aimed to examine the developments in research on chiral MEKC using bile salts as chiral selectors over the past 20 years. The review begins with a discussion of the aggregation of bile salts in chiral recognition and separation, followed by the use of single bile salts and bile salts with other chiral selectors (i.e., cyclodextrins, proteins and single-stranded DNA aptamers). Advanced techniques such as partial-filling MEKC, stacking and single-drop microextraction were considered. Potential applications to real samples, including enantiomeric impurity analysis, were also discussed.     

Chiral separation of amino acids and peptides by capillary electrophoresis

Chiral separation of amino acids and peptides by capillary electrophoresis (CE) is reviewed regarding the separation principles of different approaches, advantages and limitations, chiral recognition mechanisms and applications. The direct approach details various chiral selectors with an emphasis on cyclodextrins and their derivatives, antibiotics and chiral surfactants as the chiral selectors. The indirect approach deals with various chiral reagents applied for diastereomer formation and types of separation media such as micelles and polymeric pseudo-stationary phases. Many derivatization reagents used for high sensitivity detection of amino acids and peptides are also discussed and their characteristics are summarized in tables. A large number of relevant examples is presented illustrating the current status of enantiomeric and diastereomeric separation of amino acids and peptides. Strategies to enhance the selectivity and optimize separation parameters by the application of experimental designs are described. The reversal of enantiomeric elution order and the effects of organic modifiers on the selectivity are illustrated in both direct and indirect methods. Some applications of chiral amino acid and peptide analysis, in particular, regarding the determination of trace enantiomeric impurities, are given. This review selects more than 200 articles published between 1988 and 1999.     

Recent advances in peptide chiral selectors for electrophoresis and liquid chromatography

The application of peptides in chiral separations using techniques such as capillary electrophoresis (CE), electrokinetic capillary chromatography (EKC) and liquid chromatography is the focus of this review. Methods for finding peptide selectors using combinatorial library approaches are discussed, as well as recent advances in the use of peptides as general chiral selectors for electrophoresis and liquid chromatography. One example shows the effectiveness of polymeric dipeptide surfactants as general chiral selectors for electrophoresis. Another example shows the versatility of oligoproline chiral stationary phases, exhibiting resolution for a number of racemic analytes comparable to other well-established chiral stationary phases.     

Chiral Separations of Five Organic Catalysts by Cyclodextrin-modified Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

Chiral separation is very important and become a significant task of analytical chemistry in many fields. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a technique undergoing rapid development for chiral separation at the present time. With its high efficiency, simple operation, and extremely small sample volume,CE has become a powerful tool for chiral separation. There are many chiral selectors, such as cyclodextrins (CDs), proteins, chiral surfactants, antibiotics, bile salts, using in CE chiral separation. CDs has been most wildly used in them. Cyclodextrin (CD) is a cyclic sugar made of certain glucose units in which each has 5 chiral centers and it shows the shape of cavity with a big end and a small end. The inside of CD is hydrophobic and the outside is hydrophilic. The chiral selectivity of CD comes from the formation of host-guest compound between CD and analytes. The differences of the hydrogen-bond and the other interactions between CD and two enantiomers cause enantio-selectivity.     

Enantiomer separation of chiral pharmaceuticals by capillary electrochromatography

Enantiomer separation of chiral pharmaceuticals by capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is achieved with open-tubular capillaries (o-CEC), with packed capillaries (p-CEC) or with monolithic capillaries. In o-CEC, capillaries are coated with a thin film containing cyclodextrin derivatives, cellulose, proteins, poly-terguride or molecularly imprinted polymers as chiral selectors. In p-CEC, typical chiral HPLC stationary phases such as silica-bonded cyclodextrin or cellulose derivatives, proteins, glycoproteins, macrocyclic antibiotics, quinine-derived and 'Pirkle' selectors, polyacrylamides and molecularly imprinted polymers are used as chiral selectors. Chiral monolithic stationary phases prepared by in situ polymerization into the capillary were also developed for electrochromatographic enantiomer separation.     

非水溶液毛细管电泳手性分离

对非水溶液毛细管电泳中手性分离的研究现状和发展趋势进行了简要的评述。主要是以手性分离中所用的手性试剂为线索，对它们在非水溶液中的应用情况及其对分离度、柱效和分离选择性的影响进行综述并与水溶液中的情况作了比较。对于在水溶液中已经得到应用而在非水溶液中未被使用的部分试剂也进行了简要地解释。     

Chiral separation by capillary electromigration techniques

This review gives an overview of chiral separation principles and their applications in capillary electromigration techniques. The basic chiral separation principles are explained and the mechanisms discussed. Recent developments and new techniques in CZE and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) are highlighted. New chiral selectors among cyclodextrins, crown ethers, carbohydrates, macrocyclic antibiotics, proteins, chiral ion-pairing reagents, chiral surfactants and chiral metal ion complexes and their chiral recognition ability are discussed. Recent advances in chip technology for chiral separation and new approaches regarding improvement of detection sensitivity are presented. Due to the tremendous number of publications dealing with applications, in this review only recent applications are summarized.     

Evaluation of the enantioseparation capability of the novel chiral selector clindamycin phosphate towards basic drugs by micellar electrokinetic chromatography

To date, a series of chiral selectors have been utilized successfully in capillary electrophoresis (CE). Among these various chiral selectors, macrocyclic antibiotics have been demonstrated to represent powerful enantioselectivity towards many chiral compounds. Differing from macrocyclic antibiotics, the use of lincosamide antibiotics as chiral selectors has not been reported previously. In our recent work, clindamycin phosphate belonging to the group of lincosamides has been first used as a chiral selector in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). In this paper, a micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method has been developed for the evaluation of enantioseparation capability of this novel chiral selector towards several racemic basic drugs. As observed during the course of this work, clindamycin phosphate allowed excellent separation of the enantiomers of nefopam, citalopram, tryptophan, chlorphenamine, propranolol and metoprolol, as well as partial enantioresolution of tryptophan methyl ester and cetirizine. In this MEKC chiral separation system, different types of anionic surfactants, organic additives and background electrolytes were tested, and satisfactory enantioseparations of basic drugs above-mentioned were achieved using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the surfactant, isopropanol as the organic additive, and phosphate as the background electrolyte. Furthermore, both migration times and enantioseparation of the analytes were influenced by several experimental parameters such as pH of the BGE, clindamycin phosphate and SDS concentrations, phosphate and isopropanol concentrations, and applied voltage. Consequently, the effects of these factors on enantioseparations of the studied basic drugs were systematically investigated in order to evaluate the stereoselectivity of clindamycin phosphate in MEKC.