共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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燃料电池概述 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
燃料电池在固定与分散电站、交通运输、移动电源等方面广阔的应用前景现已受到许多研究单位和公司的广泛关注,文章简要介绍了几种主要类型燃料电池(碱性燃料电池alkaline fuel cell,AFC)、磷酸燃料电池(phosphoric acid fuel cell,PAFC)、熔融碳酸盐燃料电池(molten carbonate fuel cell,MCFC)、固体氧化物燃料电池(solid oxide fuel cell,SOFC)、质子交换膜燃料电池(proton exchange membrane fuel cell,PEMFC)、直接醇类燃料电池(direct alcohol fuel cell,DAFC)的特点、研究状况、市场需求和技术挑战,初步探讨了我国燃料电池研究开发的前景。 相似文献
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文章介绍了国内外质子交换膜燃料电池的最新进展,特别是在基础研究方面的进展,以促进我国质子交换膜燃料电池的基础研究。 相似文献
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燃料电池的温度和电压是影响电动汽车性能最关键的两个参数;由于电动汽车燃料电池的温度和电压具有较强的非线性和耦合性的特点,使得传统的线性系统理论无法适用;为此,提出一种基于最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)的燃料电池逆控制优化算法;利用LS-SVM建立燃料电池逆模型,利用RLS算法对燃料电池逆模型进行校验,利用ε-滤波方法对控制器进行在线参数调节;仿真结果证明该逆控制方法能够快速准确地对燃料电池中电压和温度进行精确解耦控制,保证了电动汽车对燃料电池的性能要求。 相似文献
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Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells are susceptible to degradation due to the catalyst poisoning caused by CO present
in the fuel above certain limits. Although the amount of CO in the fuel may be within the permissible limit, the fuel composition
(% CO2, CH4, CO and H2O) and the operating conditions of the cell (level of gas humidification, cell temperature and pressure) can be such that
the equilibrium CO content inside the cell may exceed the permissible limit leading to a degradation of the fuel cell performance.
In this study, 50 cm2 active area PEM fuel cells were operated at 55–60 °C for periods up to 250 hours to study the effect of methane, carbon dioxide
and water in the hydrogen fuel mix on the cell performance (stability of voltage and power output). Furthermore, the stability
of fuel cells was also studied during operation of cells in a cyclic dead end / flow through configuration, both with and
without the presence of carbon dioxide in the hydrogen stream. The presence of methane up to 10% in the hydrogen stream showed
a negligible degradation in the cell performance. The presence of carbon dioxide in the hydrogen stream even at 1–2% level
was found to degrade the cell performance. However, this degradation was found to disappear by bleeding only about 0.2% oxygen
into the fuel stream. 相似文献
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Taihei Mukaide Satoshi Mogi Jun Yamamoto Akira Morita Shinnosuke Koji Kazuhiro Takada Kentaro Uesugi Kentaro Kajiwara Takashi Noma 《Journal of synchrotron radiation》2008,15(4):329-334
In situ visualization of the distribution and behaviour of water in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell during power generation has been demonstrated using a synchrotron X‐ray imaging technique. Images were recorded using a CCD detector combined with a scintillator (Gd2O2S:Tb) and relay lens system, which were placed at 2.0 m or 2.5 m from the fuel cell. The images were measured continuously before and during power generation, and data on cell performance was recorded. The change of water distribution during power generation was obtained from X‐ray images normalized with the initial state of the fuel cell. Compared with other techniques for visualizing the water in fuel cells, this technique enables the water distribution and behaviour in the fuel cell to be visualized during power generation with high spatial resolution. In particular, the effects of the specifications of the gas diffusion layer on the cathode side of the fuel cell on the distribution of water were efficiently identified. This is a very powerful technique for investigating the mechanism of water flow within the fuel cell and the relationship between water behaviour and cell performance. 相似文献
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Solid-oxide fuel cells with hydrocarbon fuels 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Robert J. Kee Huayang Zhu David G. Goodwin 《Proceedings of the Combustion Institute》2005,30(2):2379-2404
Solid-oxide fuel cells can directly use hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon-derived fuels. Conversion efficiencies can be considerably greater than those of heat engines, with hybrid cycles in combination with heat engines and co-generation promising conversion efficiencies as high as 70%. This paper discusses the fundamental concepts of fuel cells, concentrating on the underlying chemical and electrochemical processes. Fully understanding fuel cell function requires attention to physical and chemical processes that span length scales ranging from atomistic to meter-scale systems. Beyond the electrochemistry that is responsible for electrical energy production, fuel cell function relies on chemically reacting flow, porous-media transport, and heterogeneous thermal chemistry. Especially with hydrocarbon and hydrocarbon-derived fuels, there are interesting scientific and engineering connections, and analogies with combustion science and technology. 相似文献
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动态特性是理解质子交换膜燃料电池性能的重要参数之一.运用燃料电池测试系统、恒电流/恒电压多通道测试仪和燃料电池电流密度分布测试装置,试验测量了质子交换膜燃料电池在不同加湿温度、电池温度和压力下的电流分布动态响应和动态特性.研究发现:不同区域的局部电流达到新的平衡所需的时间不同;加湿温度变化时,不同区域的局部电流的变化趋... 相似文献