带控制器的弹性振动系统的能观性、能控性

<正> 在工作[1]中提出了带有控制迴路的分布参数反馈系统的模型.在工作[2]中讨论了以弹性樑的角速度、角度和线加速度作反馈信号输入到控制器,由控制器的输出端输出信号到舵的执行机构以实现反馈控制弹性振型的镇定问题.那里用的是线性算子的谱扰动方法.在[3]中讨论了不带控制器的弹性振动系统的能观测性和能控性问题,得到了能观测、能控的必要充分条件.在现代控制理论中,一个系统是否能控、能观测,无论在实际工     

弹性振动的镇定问题(Ⅲ)

细长体空间飞行器的弹性振动,会引起飞行器的损坏以及其它问题,因此有必要通过飞行器上面安装的仪表所测得的角速度、角度或线加速度作反馈来研究控制的问题.这就需要设计一控制迴路,使得飞行器所表现的弹性振动系统与控制器所形成的闭环系统通过飞行器上加舵力来镇定,我们采用两端自由的弹性梁描述飞行器的弹性振动,仍用线性算子的扰动理论,得出用角速度、角度或线加速度作反馈时带控制器的弹性振动系统的镇定条件。     

带有干扰的线性时变系统变结构鲁棒控制器

对含有未知时变参数和系统干扰的单输入单输出线性时变系统,给出了一种输出跟踪变结构鲁棒控制器设计机制．系统参数只要求光滑有界,没有其它限制条件．通过引入辅助信号和带有记忆功能的正规化信号以及适当选择控制器参数,该变结构控制器能保证闭环系统所有信号有界,跟踪误差能被调整到任意小．     

弹性振动的镇定问题

细长的空间飞行器在推力空气动力作用下会有弹性振动。这些振动,如果不加控制,会引起飞行器的损坏以及其它问题,于是产生了能否通过飞行器上面的仪表所测得几个部位的弯曲所引起的角速度作反馈,并通过在飞行器上加舵力而使弹性振动镇定下来的问题,我们采用了自由端弹性梁的描述,在观测仪表与加力点不必在同一地方的情形下,找出了能使弹性振动镇定的条件。并且从分布参数系统的能控性与能观测性,讨论了这些条件中的主要部分的物理意义。     

关于弹性振动的镇定(Ⅱ)

<正> 1.细长的飞行器在推力与垂直于纵轴的空气动力作用下的俯仰与偏航运动可以近似地描述成两端自由弹性梁的运动.本文是工作[1]的继续,讨论弹性振动的镇定问题.在工作[1]中讨论了以细长的飞行器为模型的弹性自由梁振动的镇定问题.在[1]中为了使问题集中到主要方面,讨论的弹性自由梁振动的镇定问题是最简化的数学模型,即在弹性自由梁的运动方程中只考虑了惯性力、弹性力和以弹性梁的角速度作为反馈输入时的     

基于增益调度解耦控制的飞行控制系统研究

针对一类非线性系统,设计了增益调度解耦控制律,且给出了定量的闭环特性分析.在控制系统分析中,建立了闭环系统阶跃响应和动态性能指标关于控制参数的数学表达式,从而克服了许多控制算法中参数试凑的盲目性和重复性.此外,在控制律实现中,为保证作为调度变量的系统输出缓慢变化,且为避免工作点处实际模型和线性模型之间的大偏差以及控制量的瞬时值过大或是振荡,提出进行参考信号变换,即阶跃跳变部分都用正弦信号去替代.为验证所设计控制律的可行性和有效性,将其应用于四旋翼飞行器的飞行控制中.根据四旋翼飞行器的结构特性和运动原理,设计了递阶形式的飞行控制结构,并采用所提出的增益调度解耦控制律分别设计外环的位置控制器和内环的姿态控制器.飞行仿真结果表明所设计的飞行控制系统结构和所提出的控制律具有可行性和有效性.     

一类模糊T-S模型互联系统的自适应容错跟踪控制

针对一类带有执行器故障的T-S模糊互联的容错跟踪控制问题,提出了一种模糊自适应容错控制器。该控制器由一个模糊控制器和一个自适应控制器组成,模糊控制器能够保证系统没有故障时闭环系统渐近稳定,而自适应控制器能够补偿系统的执行器故障。所提出的容错控制方法不但使得闭环系统渐近稳定、系统的输出渐近跟踪给定的参考信号,并获得H∞控制性能。最后应用Lyapunov函数和线性矩阵不等式的方法,给出和证明了带有执行器故障的T-S模糊互联系统的稳定的充分条件。仿真结果进一步验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

基于极大极小方法的一类非线性系统的自适应控制

研究一类具有非线性不确定参数的非线性系统的自适应模型参考跟踪问题.假设系统的非线性项关于不确定参数是凸或凹的.去掉了在先前有关研究中要求参考模型矩阵有小于零的实特征值的条件.既考虑了状态反馈控制方式,也考虑了输出反馈控制方式.在采用输出反馈控制时,假设非线性项满足李普希兹条件,但李普希兹常数未知.基于一种极大极小方法,提出了一种自适应控制器的设计方法.控制器是连续的,能保证闭环系统的所有变量有界,并且渐近精确跟踪参考模型.举例说明了本结论的有用性.     

基于圆判据的一种LMI绝对镇定方法

针对非线性Lur'e系统,提出了一种输出反馈控制器综合方法。对于系统在无摄动及线性部分存在乘性范数摄动的情况,分别设计了保证闭环系统绝对稳定的动态输出反馈控制器。由圆判据出发,通过把绝对稳定性问题等价地转化成H∞控制问题,得到了一组由线性矩阵不等式(LMI)表达的控制器存在的充分性条件。     

一类具有有界扰动的非线性系统的输出反馈自适应控制

该文考虑一类具有有界干扰和未知参数的非线性系统（１）,设计出一种用于输出跟踪的输出反馈鲁棒自适应控制器。该控制器能保证闭环系统的全局稳定性,并且解决了ε－跟踪问题。仿真结果表明,所设计的自适应控制器具有良好的跟踪性能。     

一类分布参数系统的极点配置问题

对于有穷维线性系统,极点配置的重要性是众所周知的,已经有比较完整的理论来处理这个问题.无穷维线性系统的极点配置,比起有穷维情形自然要复杂得多,这方面也有一些文章讨论(例如见[4,5,11]),但所得结果远远比不上有穷维情况.Hilbert 空间中的极点配置问题一般可叙述如下:设 H,U 为 Hilbert 空间 (H 称为状态空间,U 称为控制空间),A∶H→H 为线性(一般为闭稠定)算子,B∶U→H 为有界线性算子,我们用 σ(A)表示 A 的谱集,ρ(A) 表示 A 的预解集.问题在于寻找线性算子 K∶H→U,使得 σ(A+BK) 等于预先给定的复数集.这个问题显然与闭环控制系统     

HMM-based quantized dissipative control for 2-D Markov jump systems

In this paper, the dissipative quantized control problem is addressed for Markov jump two-dimensional systems based on Roesser model, in which both asynchronous phenomenon and signal quantization between system modes and controller modes are taken into consideration simultaneously. Moreover, the hidden Markov model (HMM) is adopted to tackle such an asynchronous phenomenon. The principal goal is to devise a state feedback controller, which guarantees that the established closed-loop system achieves asymptotic mean square stability as well as satisfies a prescribed extended dissipative property. Drawing support from Lyapunov function approach and inequality technique, some less conservative criteria ensuring the implementability of the desired controller are derived. Ultimately, the availability and practicability of the developed results are certified through a simulation example.     

Control of an elastic manipulator arm using load position and velocity feedback

The rotation of an elastic manipulator arm about one of its ends in the horizontal plane is investigated. A load is attached to the other end. The motion is effected by an electric motor. The control is constructed in the form of linear feedback on the position of the load, its velocity, and the angular velocity of the arm. The stability of the control process is investigated. It is shown that when there are no viscous damping forces proportional to the angular velocity of the arm, load position and velocity feedback leads to undamped oscillations of the system and the desired equilibrium position is not stabilized. Asymptotic stability domains in the feedback coefficient space when viscous damping is present are constructed. Comparison shows these domains to be smaller than corresponding domains for a completely rigid body.     

Output feedback vibration control of a string driven by a nonlinear actuator

In this paper, we design an observer-based output feedback controller to exponentially stabilize a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equation-wave partial differential equation-ordinary differential equation. An observer is designed to estimate the full states of the system using available boundary values of the partial differential equation. The output feedback controller is built via the combination of the ordinary differential equation backstepping which is applied to deal with the nonlinear ordinary differential equation, and the partial differential equation backstepping which is used for the wave partial differential equation-ordinary differential equation. The controller can be applied into vibration suppression of a string-payload system driven by an actuator with nonlinear characteristics. The global exponential stability of all states in the closed-loop system is proved by Lyapunov analysis. The numerical simulation illustrates the states of the actuator, string, payload and the observer errors are fast convergent to zero under the proposed output feedback controller.     

Generation of surface waves through friction: FEM investigation

Sliding friction between two bodies can generate elastic vibration. This study uses a finite-element model comprising an elastic body sliding against a flat rigid surface with constant coefficient of friction. For the elastic body a structured topography is taken into account. The model shows traveling surface waves, which depend on the asperities of the sliding surface. It can be shown that the surface structure and its inertia are the cause for elastic waves in the contact region. (© 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Integrated measurement system using accelerometers and gyros as peripheral sensors to estimate the motional state of an elastic beam

Integrated navigation devices for vehicle guidance are the most common example of an integrated motion measurement system combining the signals from an inertial measurement unit (IMU consisting of three accelerometers and three gyros) and a GPS receiver with a single antenna. For this, the vehicle is traditionally assumed to be a single rigid body with six motional degrees of freedom to be determined. During periods of low vehicle dynamics the common integrated navigation systems show, however, stability problems. Nevertheless, the stability of the system can be guaranteed by distributing sensors over the vehicle structure. In this case the rigid body assumption has to be expanded to take the distributed sensors and the flexibility of the structure into account. Integrated systems in general are fusing different measuring signals by combining their benefits and blinding out their disadvantages. For instance, gyros and accelerometers are used to obtain reliable signals with a good time resolution. On the other hand, aiding sensors like radar units and strain gauges are known to be long-term accurate. Furthermore, the kernel of such integrated systems consists of an extended Kalman filter that estimates the motion state of the structure. Besides the sensor signals, the basis for the filter is an additional kinematical model of the structure which has to be developed individually. The example of the motion of an elastic beam being considered here is meant to be an approach to obtain motional measurements of a wing of a large airplane during flight. By means of a modal approach, a kinematical model of the beam was developed. This paper will compare integrated systems utilising accelerometers as peripheral sensors with systems using gyros and systems with a combination of both peripheral sensor types. Based on simulation the paper shows this approach, different sensor configurations, and estimated motion results of an elastic beam. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Nonlinear adaptive output feedback robust control of hydraulic actuators with largely unknown modeling uncertainties

In this paper, a nonlinear adaptive output feedback robust controller is proposed for motion control of hydraulic servo systems in the presence of largely unknown matched and mismatched modeling uncertainties. Different from the existing control technologies, the presented hydraulic closed-loop controller which can deal with strong matched and mismatched parametric uncertainties is synthesized via the backstepping technique. Specially, a nonlinear disturbance observer which can estimate the largely mismatched disturbance is integrated into the design of the linear extended state observer to obtain estimation of unmeasurable system states, uncertain parameters and strong disturbances simultaneously. In addition, the projection-type adaptive law is synthesized into the design of the resulting controller. More importantly, the global stability of the whole closed-loop system is strictly guaranteed by the Lyapunov analysis. Furthermore, the effectiveness and practicability of the presented control strategy have been demonstrated by comparative experiments under different working conditions.     

弹性结构有限元控制系统

本文讨论了经有限元方法处理后的弹性结构系统的可控、可观测、镇定等问题.所得的结论与用分布参量系统模型所得的结论一致,但却便于用计算机计算且方法简单.在一、中研究了系统的可控与可观测的问题,给出了易于用计算机判别的条件.在二、中对于采用线性反馈镇定弹性体的问题进行了仔细的讨论,指出对弹性结构系统而言,若系统完全可控仅用位移反馈可以任意配置振动频率但却无法镇定系统,而仅用速度反馈虽可以进行镇定但镇定能力是有限的,对于在系统运动方程中包含刚体运动成分的情形也作了研究.在三、中对梁的控制问题用有限元进行了处理,指出直梁作为一个系统可以分解为拉压、扭转和两个方向弯曲这四个互不关联的子系统,它们的可控与可观测问题可以分别进行讨论.最后对折线型刚架的可控与可观测的问题也作了探讨.     

刚柔耦合系统动力学建模及分析

准确预测经历大范围刚体运动和弹性变形的柔性体的行为,是当前柔性多体系统动力学领域关注的主要课题.基于线性理论的传统方法由于无法计及动力刚化效应,导致在许多实际应用中得到错误的结果.本文从离心力势场的概念出发,应用Hamilton原理建立了具有动力刚化效应的刚柔耦合系统的运动方程,证明了该方程解的周期性,并采用了Frobenius方法给出了其精确解的一般形式.通过算例分析了刚体运动对弹性运动的模态和频率的影响.