新型双发色团染料荧光光谱及其寿命的研究

有效的染料激光操作需要较高的荧光量子效率,若丹明是在500~700 nm光谱区中一类最重要的激光染料.然而,染料的基态分子和三线态对辐射能量的吸收将会大大降低激光输出效率,再者,由于若丹明类染料在紫外区的吸收系数较小,为了有效吸收泵浦能量(如用XeCI准分子激光,308 nm),就必须使用高浓度染料溶液,在这种情况下,若丹明类染料较小的Stokes位移就势必造成基态分子更大的重复吸收,即造成更大的谐振腔损耗^[1].     

不同极性溶剂中2-蒽醌磺酸钠三重态特征瞬态吸收谱及动力学研究

利用纳秒级激光光解瞬态吸收光谱装置－248nm(KrF）激光光解研究了水和乙腈溶液中2－蒽醌磺酸钠激发三重态的瞬态吸收光谱。水溶液中纯将的AQS激发三重态的特征吸收在580nm处；确定了AQS激发三重态的特征吸收普形、范围在水和乙腈溶液中的相似性；2－蒽醌磺酸钠激发三重态的半衰期在乙腈中为10.7μs，在水中却为为0.5μs；测定了2－蒽醌磺酸钠激发三重态衰减动力学参数。     

有机分子三重激发态的调控与应用

对近期有机分子三重激发态调控的研究进展进行了总结评述。控制分子的三重激发态性质,可以制备多种具有新颖性质的分子,如用于可激活光动力治疗(PDT)的光敏剂、磷光分子探针与生物标识试剂,以及可控的三重态湮灭上转换等。但目前对三重态控制方面的研究相对较少,其中的规律也很不明确。近期有文献陆续报道了使用超分子方法和共价修饰法进行的三重态调控,利用的光物理过程有单重态能量转移、三重态能量转移、电子转移等等。现有研究结果表明,三重态的调控规律与单重态的调控规律有所不同,例如:发色团的单重激发态(荧光)往往可以被光诱导电子转移(PET)所猝灭,但是在多个例子中已发现,相同发色团的三重态并不能被PET所猝灭。本文总结的研究结果及所作的分析,将对该领域的分子结构设计及后续研究起到一定的促进作用。     

具有强可见光吸收的富勒烯-Bodipy衍生物作为光催化剂在硫醚光催化氧化中的应用

以氟硼吡咯染料（Bodipy）做为光吸收天线,富勒烯作为分子内自旋转换单元,分别利用前者的强吸光以及后者的高效系间窜越的优点,制备了吸收波长灵活可调、无重原子、具有强可见光吸收能力、长寿命三重激发态（92.1 μs）的二元（Dyad）、三元化合物（Triad）做为有机三重态光敏剂;其中Triad具有宽谱带可见光吸收能力,提高了光敏剂参与的分子间能量转移或电子转移过程的效率。与传统的Ru（Ⅱ）配合物等三重态光敏剂相比,光催化硫醚氧化的反应时间大大缩短。通过吉布斯自由能的计算、活性氧物种的捕获实验、电子顺磁共振等方法,证明了在光催化氧化硫醚的反应过程中,同时存在超氧负离子自由基和单线态氧两个活性物种,从而加快了光催化氧化反应速率。该研究结果将对新型有机三重态光敏剂的分子结构设计以及在光催化有机合成反应中的应用起到一定的促进作用。     

新型以若丹明染料为母体的三发色团化合物的荧光性能

若丹明染料作为一种重要的激光染料,它们具有较高的荧光量子效率。这类染料在紫外区的吸收是相当小的,于是,当它们被使用在横向泵浦激光装置上时,就需要相当高的染料浓度,这样才能有效地吸收紫外泵浦光(如XeCI激光器,308 nm)。问题是,这类染料的发射光谱与其吸收光谱的低能量部分有重叠,亦即它门的Stokes位移较小,并且由于染料的荧光量子效率通常小于100,以致使一部分染料的激发辐射被基态染料分子再吸收,从而导致激发辐射的损失。与此同时,为了有效吸收泵浦光能量,染料的浓度通常很高,这样,激发辐射损失就会相当大。     

高Tg可溶含偶氮三嗪染料基团的侧链型共聚聚酰亚胺的合成与表征

采用两步法合成了两个系列侧链含新型侧氮三嗪染料发色团的共聚聚酰亚胺ＯＰＩ（ｘ）和ＰＰＩ（ｘ）。用红外光谱,紫外－可见光谱ＤＳＣ和ＴＧＡ等手段对其进行表征,它们均溶于强极性非质子溶剂,如ＮＭＰ,ＤＭＡｃ,ＤＭＦ,ＤＭＳＯ和１,４－丁内酯等。其截止吸收波长小于５００ｎｍ,在大于５００ｎｍ,波长范围内基本透明,这些共聚物的特性粘数在０．２５－０．５０ｄＬ／范围内,它们都表现出较高的玻璃化转变温度（Ｔｇ）,以刚性相对较大的均苯四甲酸二酐（ＰＭＤＡ）为二酐单体的ＰＰＩ（ｘ）的Ｔｇ在５７３Ｋ左右;以二苯醚－３,３′,４,４′－四甲酸二酐（ＯＰＤＡ）为单体的ＯＰＩ（ｘ）的Ｔｇ在５３３－５４３Ｋ之间,具基本与染料发色团含量无关,所有的共聚聚酰亚胺都表现出优良的的高温稳定性,其５％热失重温度比相应聚合物Ｔｇ高１００Ｋ以上。     

新型卟啉-酞菁二元分子内光物理过程的研究

合成了以哌嗪连接的含卟啉－酞菁的双发色团分子，测定了它的吸收光谱，荧光光谱和荧光寿命。并计算了在不同溶剂中两发色团之间的能量传递效率ΦＥｎＴ和电子转移效率ΦＥＴ。结果表明：在非极性溶剂苯中，两发色团之间的光物理过程以激发态单线态能量传递为主（ΦＥｎＴ８０％）。而在极性溶剂ＤＭＦ中，则以电子转移为主（ΦＥＴ６９．８％）。该二元化合物在ＤＭＦ中，哌嗪以船式构象存在，我们以前合成的以氧或柔性链连接的二元     

基于二氧化硅纳米颗粒的三重态-三重态湮灭上转换研究

以氟化的四苯基卟啉铂为光敏剂，硅氧烷衍生化的9，10-二苯基蒽为发光体构筑了基于三重态-三重态湮灭机制的上转换体系.采用紫外可见分光光度计和荧光光谱仪研究了其在二氯甲烷溶液中的上转换性能，确定了光敏剂和发光体的最佳比例为1：40.在此比例下，以胶束模板法构筑了尺寸均一，能在水中稳定的上转换二氧化硅纳米颗粒，通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）和动态光散射仪（DLS）表征了其形貌和尺寸（TEM统计平均直径为15.5 nm，平均水合直径为22.5 nm）；当以532 nm的激光作为激发光源时，实现了水中的上转换发射，上转换发光寿命为12 μs，上转换量子效率为0.8%.     

2,5-二芳基噁二唑的研究(Ⅲ)──反式-2-｛4-[2-(4-取代苯基)乙烯基]苯基｝-5-(4-联苯基)噁二唑的合成、电子光谱与光性能

2，5-二芳基二唑是具有较高的化学稳定性和激光转换效率的有机闪烁剂和紫外波段的激光染料．为了进一步研究该类化合物结构与光性能的关系，探寻吸收波长接近可见光区的激光染料，我们合成了8种具有较大的共扼体系的化合物I一Vlll：三结果与讨论正．1红外光谱与质谱化合物l－W的IR谱均在1080和730cm－’附近出现了与哈二吐环有关的较强红外吸收峰，而在966cm－‘处的C一H面外弯曲振动吸收峰则证明本文化合物具有反式结构．化合物l－Wb为芳香共扼分子，化学稳定性较高，因而其质谱图中分子离子峰均为基峰，其它碎片峰则相对较弱（表1）．…     

偶氮型聚氧乙烯醚分散染料结构的电喷雾质谱分析

采用质谱、紫外和核磁共振等手段 ,对偶氮型聚氧乙烯醚染料及其中间体进行了结构与发色状况研究 ,结果表明偶氮染料接枝聚氧乙烯醚链后 ,染料近似呈正态分析 ,为具有相似结构 ,不同环氧乙烷平均加成数的同系混合物 ,接枝聚氧乙烯醚链长短 ,对其紫外吸收影响很小 ,紫外最大吸收λmax基本不变     

三元若丹明激光染料荧光寿命研究

利用单光子计数技术测试了新型三元若丹明激光染料在不同溶剂中的荧光寿命、荧光光谱及其寿命的实验数据.实验表明,所研究的三元若丹明染料存在着有效的分子内能量传递过程,这些过程使得激光染料的荧光量子效率及光稳定性明显改善.     

Intramolecular triplet energy transfer in multi-chromophoric dyes and its influence on the photostability

The photostability of organic dyes plays a very important role in practically all aspects of the development and applications of these dyes. In recent years, intramolecular transfer of triplet excitation energy between isolated chromophores on the same molecule has been a subject of intensive studies. Many multi-chromophoric organic dyes with covalent linkage between the chromophores, one of which can act as a triplet acceptor of the excess energy, have been synthesized and studied. The significant increases in photostability of such assembled dyes have been reported, suggesting that some chromophores can act as internal photostabilizers. These modified dyes have enhanced photostability and hence potential applications in a wide range of areas such as laser dyes, electroluminescent (EL) devices and solar cells.     

PHOTO-INDUCED INTERMOLECULAR AND INTRAMOLECULAR ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS BETWEEN XANTHENE DYES AND DONORS/ACCEPTORS

A number of electron donors, acceptors and diads containing xanthene dyes were sythesized. When the dyes were excited, the rate constants and the efficiencies of the intermolecular and intramolecular photo-induced electron transfer reactions were determined and calculated. It is found that the photo-induced electron transfer reactions occurred between xanthene dyes and many, including very weak donors or acceptors. The rate constants of intermolecular reactions were controlled by diffusion, and influenced by the reactant concentrations. The laser flash experiments showed that for low reactant concentrations, this kind of reactions took place mainly via the triplet excited state of the dyes. If different electric charges exist with dyes and donors/acceptors, there will be static quenching of the dyes' fluorescence. The intramolecular electron transfer reactions are independent of the solution concentrations, and they may directly proceed via the singlet excited state of the dyes effectively.     

Triplet state of rhodamine dyes and its role in production of intermediates

The triplet states of rhodamine 6G, N,N′-diethylrhodamine and rhodamine B were studied in aqueous and alcohol solutions by means of flash-photolysis. The triplet state was shown to be involved in electron transfer reactions. Spectra of T—T absorption and ion-radicals of rhodamine dyes were measured.     

Extensive Reduction in Back Electron Transfer in Twisted Intramolecular Charge‐Transfer (TICT) Coumarin‐Dye‐Sensitized TiO2 Nanoparticles/Film: A Femtosecond Transient Absorption Study

We report the synthesis, characterization, and optical and electrochemical properties of two structurally similar coumarin dyes ( C1 and C2 ). These dyes have been deployed as sensitizers in TiO₂ nanoparticles and thin films, and the effect of molecular structure on interfacial electron‐transfer dynamics has been studied. Steady‐state optical absorption, emission, and time‐resolved emission studies on both C1 and C2 , varying the polarity of the solvent and the solution pH, suggest that both photoexcited dyes exist in a locally excited (LE) state in solvents of low polarity. In highly polar solvents, however, C1 exists in an intramolecular charge‐transfer (ICT) state, whereas C2 exists in both ICT and twisted intramolecular charge‐transfer (TICT) states, their populations depending on the degree of polarity of the solvent and the pH of the solution. We have employed femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy to monitor the charge‐transfer dynamics in C1 ‐ and C2 ‐sensitized TiO₂ nanoparticles and thin films. Electron injection has been confirmed by direct detection of electrons in the conduction band of TiO₂ nanoparticles and of radical cations of the dyes in the visible and near‐IR regions of the transient absorption spectra. Electron injection in both the C1 /TiO₂ and C2 /TiO₂ systems has been found to be pulse‐width limited (<100 fs); however, back‐electron‐transfer (BET) dynamics has been found to be slower in the C2 /TiO₂ system than in the C1 /TiO₂ system. The involvement of TICT states in C2 is solely responsible for the higher electron injection yield as well as the slower BET process compared to those in the C1 /TiO₂ system. Further pH‐dependent experiments on C1 ‐ and C2 ‐sensitized TiO₂ thin films have corroborated the participation of the TICT state in the slower BET process in the C2 /TiO₂ system.     

Intramolecular energy transfer in rhodamine–phthalocyanine conjugates

Conjugates of tetrasulphosubstituted zinc phthalocyanine with rhodamine 6G or rhodamine B have been synthesized and characterized to have four rhodamine 6G or average two rhodamine B residues per phthalocyanine molecule. The ionized conjugates (positive charge on the rhodamine part) are non-soluble in water. Photochemical and photophysical measurements, carried out in dimethylsulphoxide, have shown that the main result of conjugation is efficient intramolecular energy transfer from rhodamine to phthalocyanine part of molecular system. The conjugation results in about twofold decrease of quantum yields for photodegradation, fluorescence and singlet oxygen photogeneration.     

Supramolecular host-guest systems as frameworks for excitation energy transfer.

The antenna behavior of rhodamine 6G and methylene blue loaded novel host supramolecular frameworks is investigated. The geometrical constraints of these supramolecular hosts allows the cationic dye molecules encapsulating within the parallel channels to form novel host-guest systems. The cationic dyes are close together that self-quenching of electronic excitation energy can occur. The excitation energy transfer occurs from rhodamine 6G as a donor (D) to methylene blue as an acceptor (A) within supramolecular systems filled with a mixture of both dyes.     

Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reaction between Poly-guanylic Acid (5`) with Anthraquinone-2-sulfonate

TheinteractionofquinonephotonucleasewithDNAhasbeenwidelystUdied.Anthraquinonederivatives,inparticularthatofanhraquinone-2-sulfonatehasbeenusedascleavingagentforduPlexDNA1-5.Howevef,directobservationofexcitedionpairsofbiomoleculesespeciallytheStabilizedradicalcationofbiomoleculeishamPeredbytheoverwhelmingtransientabsorPtionofhydrogenbondedradicalanionofquinone.lnthiswork,theinteractionofpolylG]withtripletanthraquinone-2-sulfonateinCH,CN-H:O(97f3)viaelectrontransferreactionhasbeenachieved…