萃取动力学光度法测定活化剂铝——铝(Ⅲ)-过氧化氢-铜(Ⅱ)-邻氨基酚/氯仿体系

研究了在pH 5.5的弱酸性介质中, 利用Al(Ⅲ)对Cu(Ⅱ)催化H2O2氧化邻氨基酚显色的指示反应的活化作用.用萃取平衡控制反应时间、水相中邻氨基酚的浓度和反应进行的程度.通过在424 nm下测量有机相的吸光度,建立了萃取催化光度法测定活化剂铝的新方法.方法的线性范围为0.004～0.25 mg/L,检出限为1.6×10 -6 g/L.用于水样和茶叶中铝含量的测定,结果满意.     

萃取催化光度法间接测定痕量抗坏血酸

研究了在pH5.5的HAc NaAc缓冲溶液介质中,利用抗坏血酸活化Fe(Ⅲ)催化H2O2氧化邻氨基酚的显色反应,用萃取平衡控制反应时间和水相中邻氨基酚的浓度及反应程度,通过测量424nm下有机相的吸光度,建立了萃取催化光度法间接测定痕量抗坏血酸的新方法。方法的线性范围为0～50.0μg/L,检出限为6.7×10-7g/L。方法可用于维生素C片和西红柿中抗坏血酸的测定。并对反应机理进行了探讨。     

以邻氨基酚为底物的伏安酶联免疫分析体系酶促反应的研究

辣根过氧化物酶 (HRP)催化H2 O2 氧化邻氨基酚的酶促反应与邻氨基酚的氧化产物的电极还原反应相偶合的伏安酶联免疫分析新体系具有很高的灵敏度 ,测定HRP的检出限为 6 .0× 1 0 -10 g/L ,线性范围为 1 .0× 1 0 -9～ 4.0× 1 0 -6g/L .制备出了HRP催化H2 O2 氧化邻氨基酚的产物纯品 ,并应用电化学分析、高效液相色谱、紫外 可见光谱、红外光谱、13 C核磁共振谱、1H核磁共振谱、质谱、元素分析等技术对体系酶促反应进行了深入的研究 .在所选择的酶促反应条件下 ,生成的产物为 3 氨基吩嗪 .提出了酶促反应及其产物的电极还原过程 .     

伏安酶联免疫分析体系测定南方菜豆花叶病毒

本文提出用邻氨基酚 ( OAP) - H2 O2 -辣根过氧化物酶 ( HRP)伏安酶联免疫分析体系测定 HRP和南方菜豆花叶病毒 ( SBMV)。该方法是将 HRP催化 H2 O2 与 OAP的酶催化反应与邻氨基酚的氧化中间产物在滴汞电极上的还原反应相偶合 ,在 BR缓冲溶液中 ,在 - 0 .87V( vs.SCE)左右产生灵敏的伏安峰。利用该极谱波对 HRP的检测限为 5× 10 -12 g/m L,线性范围为 6.0× 10 -12～ 4 .0× 10 -9g/m L。用该方法测定南方菜豆花叶病毒取得了令人满意的结果。     

萃取阻抑光度法间接测定痕量硫脲

研究了在pH 4.5的柠檬酸盐缓冲溶液介质中, 利用硫脲对钒(Ⅴ)催化溴酸钾氧化邻氨基酚显色反应的阻抑作用, 用萃取平衡控制反应时间和水相中邻氨基酚的浓度及反应程度, 通过测量424 nm下有机相的吸光度, 建立了萃取催化光度法测定痕量硫脲的新方法。在最佳实验条件下, 测定硫脲的线性范围为0.020~1.20μg/mL,检出限为1.4×10-8 g/mL。对1.00μg/mL硫脲进行11次平行测定的相对标准偏差为3.8%。用于水样中硫脲的测定, 结果满意。     

萃取催化光度法同时测定铁和铜

研究了在pH5.5的弱酸性介质,利用Fe(Ⅲ）、Cu(Ⅱ）对H2O2氧化邻氨基酚催化反应速率不同,用萃取平衡控制反应时间、水相中邻氨基酚的浓度和反应进行的程度,通过测量424nm下机要的吸光度,建立了萃取催化光度法同时测定铁和铜的新方法。其线性范围分别为0.0010-0.030mg/L和0.010-0.15mg/L。用于水、大豆和人发中铁和铜的测定,结果满意。     

萃取催化光度法测定粉煤中的微量铜

在NH3·H2O NH4Cl缓冲溶液(pH9.2)中,微量铜(Ⅱ)对过氧化氢氧化等色染料离子对(TBF(BRB)2)褪色反应具有催化作用,催化程度与Cu(Ⅱ)浓度在0 25μg/L～3 50μg/L范围内呈线性关系,用萃取平衡控制反应时间和水中有机染料浓度,建立了一种测定Cu(Ⅱ)的萃取催化光度法的新方法。方法的检出限为0 11μg/L,该法已应用于粉灰中微量铜的测定。     

萃取催化光度法测定痕量铜

研究了在ｐＨ５．５的弱酸性介质中,利用邻菲罗啉活化铜（Ⅱ）催化过氧化氢氧化邻氨基酚显色的指示反应,用萃取平衡控制反应时间,水相中邻氨基酚的浓度和反应程度,建立了萃取催化光度法测定痕量铜的新方法。方法的线性范围为０．０００５０￣０．１０ｍｇ／Ｌ,检测限为５．０×１０＾－７ｇ／Ｌ。用于水和粮食中痕量铜的测定,结果满意。     

阻抑褪色光度法测定微量硫代硫酸根

基于加热和pH =5 .0～ 6 .0条件下 ,硫代硫酸根抑制H2 O2 氧化结晶紫 (CV)的褪色反应 ,建立了测定硫代硫酸根的方法。硫代硫酸根在 4 .5× 1 0 -5～ 4 .5× 1 0 -4g/L范围内服从比耳定律 ,检出限为 3.2× 1 0 -6g/L。本法用于定影废液中硫代硫酸钠含量的测定 ,结果满意     

痕量银的催化动力学—离子选择电极法测定

1 引言 催化动力学分光光度法测定痕量银已有很多报道,但应用催化动力学-离子选择电极法测定尚属少见。本文利用下列指示反应:选用0.02mol/LCe(Ⅳ)-4×10~(-5)mol/L KCl-0.02mol/L H_2SO_4体系,采用氯离子选择电极作监测器,进行了痕量银的催化动力学-离子选择电极法测定。试验证明,本方法仪器简单,操作方便,线性范围为0～0.8μg/50ml,检出限量为5×10~(-4)μg/ml,用于矿物标样分析,取得令人满意结果。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).