Fe掺杂ZrO_2催化剂上苯酚气相甲基化（英文）

采用共沉淀法制备了Fe掺杂的ZrO_2样品,并采用X射线衍射、N_2吸附-脱附、紫外漫反射光谱、扫描电镜-电子能谱、氨程序升温脱附、X射线光电子能谱和原位红外光谱进行了表征.结果表明,Fe进入ZrO_2晶格中有效稳定了其晶相结构为单一的四方相.这些样品可很好地催化苯酚气相甲基化反应,其催化活性取决于Fe含量,并与样品中L酸有关.     

改性ZrO2-MnO2基整体式催化剂上NH3选择性催化还原NO

采用共沉淀法制备了ZrO2-MnO2催化剂,考察了CeO2,MoO3和WO3的添加对ZrO2-MnO2整体式催化剂上NH3选择性催化还原(NH3-SCR)NOx的影响,并利用低温N2吸附-脱附、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、NH3和NO程序升温脱附等方法对催化剂进行了表征,结果表明催化剂物相为Mn0.2Zr0.8O1....     

多级孔WO3/ZrO2固体酸催化剂的制备与表征

采用复合模板表面活性剂辅助水热法一步合成了WO3/ZrO2多级孔固体酸催化剂,并应用X射线衍射、低温N2吸附-脱附、拉曼光谱及NH3程序升温脱附对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,WO3的引入使得WO3/ZrO2催化剂的比表面积增大,表面的酸中心明显增加.在乙酸和正丁醇的酯化反应中,WO3/ZrO2多级孔固体酸催化剂表现出较...     

一维CdS/TiO2纳米材料的制备及其光催化性能

采用含有氯化镉和硫脲的钛溶胶对钛酸纳米管载体进行修饰,再经焙烧制得不同CdS含量的一维CdS/TiO2纳米材料.运用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、N2吸附-脱附、紫外-可见光谱和X射线光电子能谱等手段表征了材料的结构和性质,并考察了CdS/TiO2样品在紫外光及模拟日光条件下光催化降解甲基橙溶液的活性.结果表明,经高温焙...     

Ru/ZrO2·xH2O催化剂催化肉桂醛选择性加氢制肉桂醇

采用共沉淀法制备了7.5%Ru/ZrO2·xH2O催化剂,运用N2物理吸附-脱附法、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱和高分辨透射电子显微镜等技术对催化剂进行了表征,并用于催化肉桂醛选择加氢制肉桂醇反应中,考察了温度、H2压力和溶剂对肉桂醛转化率和肉桂醇选择性的影响.结果表明,肉桂醛转化率随着温度或H2压力的升高而升高,而肉...     

BaCo1-xFexO3-δ缺陷钙钛矿NOx储存还原催化剂的制备、结构与性能

制备了B位Fe取代的BaCo1-xFexO3-δ系列缺陷钙钛矿型NOx储存还原(NSR)催化剂,考察了其储存NOx与抗硫性能;应用N2吸附-脱附,X射线衍射,红外光谱,程序升温还原和程序升温脱附等技术对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,Fe的取代提高了BaCoO3的抗硫能力,当x=0.4时,样品具有相对最大的NOx储存量,且...     

SAPO-35分子筛的合成及其甲醇制烯烃反应性能

以六亚甲基亚胺为模板剂,采用水热法合成了不同硅含量的磷酸硅铝分子筛SAPO-35,并利用X射线衍射、X射线荧光光谱、扫描电镜、固体核磁、X射线光电子能谱和N₂吸附-脱附等方法对样品进行了表征.研究了不同硅含量的SAPO-35分子筛在甲醇转化制烯烃反应中的催化行为,同时对比分析了具有相近硅含量的SAPO-35和SAPO-34分子筛在甲醇转化反应过程中积炭物种随反应时间的演变特征,尝试将分子筛结构和其积炭失活行为进行了关联.     

Cr掺杂对中孔MgF2酸性及孔结构的影响

采用共沉淀法制备了MgF2,CrF3与不同Cr含量的Cr(x)-MgF2样品,采用X射线粉末衍射、N2物理吸附-脱附、透射电镜、吡啶吸附的傅里叶变换红外光谱和NH3程序升温脱附等手段对样品的晶相结构、孔结构及表面性质进行了表征,并运用CHClF2的歧化反应评价了它们的催化活性.结果发现,Cr物种以无定形的形式掺杂在MgF2中,抑制了其晶粒的长大,使得MgF2的比表面积增加,孔径减小,并增强了其表面酸性.Cr掺杂的MgF2在CHClF2的歧化反应中具有优异的催化性能.     

以水热法合成的ZrO_2负载Au催化剂上的低温水煤气变换反应

采用一种简便的水热法合成了一系列ZrO2,并采用沉积-沉淀法制得相应1.0%Au/ZrO2催化剂,在模拟甲醇重整气气氛下评价了它们的低温水煤气变换(WGS)反应催化性能.结果发现,于150oC水热合成的ZrO2负载的Au催化剂活性最佳,240oC反应时CO转化率达87%,明显高于相同反应条件下Au负载量较高的Au/Fe2O3,Au/CeO2及Au/CeZrO4催化剂.采用X射线衍射、原子吸收光谱、N2物理吸脱附及扫描电子显微镜等手段对样品进行了表征.结果表明,Au/ZrO2催化剂的总孔体积及平均孔径越大、圆形片状形貌越规整,其低温WGS催化活性就越高.     

复合氧化物载体对镍基催化剂上CO甲烷化反应性能的影响(英文)

采用改良的粉末混合法制备了系列经过其它金属氧化物改性的NiO/Al2O3催化剂,并运用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、N2低温物理吸附-脱附、程序升温还原、程序升温脱附、拉曼以及X射线光电子能谱对催化剂进行了表征.结果显示,在300~700oC经MgO修饰的NiO/Al2O3催化剂上CO甲烷化反应活性比NiO/ZrO2-Al2O3和NiO/SiO2-Al2O3的高.另一金属氧化物的加入削弱了NiO/Al2O3催化剂中Ni-Al间相互作用,形成更多的活性Ni物种,从而促进了反应的进行.     

热解二氧化钛/聚苯胺制备高效非贵金属氧还原电催化剂

为了克服传统Pt系催化剂价格昂贵、稳定性差的缺点,采用热解新型Ti O2/聚苯胺(PANI)复合物的方法合成了Ti O2/C催化剂.用扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、X射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、拉曼光谱、透射电子显微镜、循环伏安法和线性扫描伏安法等方法研究了热处理和PANI复合比例对复合物的形貌、成键、晶相组成及氧还原性能的影响.结果表明,PANI与Ti O2间存在相互作用,可以抑制Ti O2的团聚和锐钛矿向金红石的转变.热处理制得Ti O2/C的氧还原活性随着PANI载体含量增加先升高后降低,PANI和Ti O2质量比为35/100时,催化剂的氧还原活性最高.同时,循环伏安和时间-电流曲线测试表明,已制备的复合材料在催化氧还原反应进行时具有较好的稳定性.     

Cu Nano particles immobilized on silk‐fibroin as a green and biodegradable catalyst for copper catalyzed azide‐terminal,internal alkynes cycloaddition

Copper immobilized on silk fibroin was successfully prepared and fully characterized using powder X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy–energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform‐infrared, CHN elemental analysis, and inductively coupled plasma‐atomic emission spectroscopy. Catalytic activity of this catalyst was examined in the azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reaction with internal and terminal alkynes at room temperature under mild conditions. The reusability of the heterogeneous supported Cu catalyst was examined four times without significant loss of catalytic activity.     

Nickel−Copper bimetallic mesoporous nanoparticles: As an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for N‐alkylation of amines with alcohols

A bimetallic catalyst (Ni/Cu‐MCM‐41) is prepared via co‐condensation method. The latter is characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and nitrogen adsorption–desorption analysis. Catalytic performance of Ni/Cu‐MCM‐41 is probed in N‐alkylation of amines with alcohols through a hydrogen autotransfer process. Noteworthy, this catalytic system appears very efficient for synthesis of a range of secondary and tertiary amines in good to excellent isolated yields. Moreover, the catalyst is successfully recovered and reused four times without notable decrease in its activity.     

Liquid‐phase α‐Pinene Isomerization over Fe‐doped Sulfated Zirconia Prepared by a Hydrothermal Treatment‐assisted Process

A series of Fe‐doped (0.5%–3%) sulfated zirconia have been prepared by a hydrothermal treatment‐assisted process. Textural and structural characterizations of the as‐synthesized materials were performed by means of N₂ adsorption, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravi‐ metric analysis. Temperature‐programmed desorption of ammonia was used to determine the acidity of the samples. The effects of Fe‐doping on the structure, acidity and catalytic activity of sulfated zirconia for liquid‐phase α‐pinene isomerization were investigated. The incorporation of small amounts of Fe into sulfated zirconia results in the increase of sulfate content and the number of acid sites, which is responsible for the enhanced activity of Fe‐doped catalysts in comparison with the undoped one. Meanwhile, hydrothermal treatment helps to improve the activity of the catalyst.     

γ-Fe2O3固载Pd-靛红席夫碱配合物作为磁性可回收催化剂用于Heck和Suzuki交叉偶联反应（英文）

A Pd‐isatin Schiff base complex immobilized onγ‐Fe2O3 (Pd‐isatin Schiff base‐γ‐Fe2O3) was synthe‐sized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, high resolu‐tion transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric gravimetric analysis, inductively‐coupled plasma, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. It was used as a magnetically reusable Pd catalyst for the Heck and Suzuki cross‐coupling reactions.     

Synthesis of nanomagnetic supported thiourea–copper(I) catalyst and its application in the synthesis of triazoles and benzamides

A novel nanomagnetic supported thiourea–copper(I) complex and inorganic–organic Takemoto‐like hybrid nanomagnetic catalyst was designed, and synthesized. The prepared naomagnetic catalyst was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis, transmission and scanning electron microscopies, thermogravimetry, nitrogen adsorption/desorption, zeta potential and vibrating sample magnetometry. Furthermore, the fabricated dual‐role inorganic–organic hybrid catalyst shows a striking and robust catalytic activity for the synthesis of triazoles and benzamides through click and coupling reactions, respectively, under mild and eco‐friendly reaction conditions.     

高活性Cu/SiO2催化剂应用于丙二酸二乙酯加氢制1,3-丙二醇

作为聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)的不可替代原料,1,3-丙二醇(1,3-PDO)广泛应用于聚酯、树脂、化妆品、润滑剂和制冷剂等领域.采用丙二酸二乙酯(DEM)一步加氢合成1,3-PDO可避免传统化学工艺中醛类副产物的生成和生物法中产品纯度不高的问题,进而满足下游PTT的品质要求. Cu/SiO2催化剂因铜与载体间的强相互作用以及硅胶的弱酸性有利于催化活性中心的建立而被广泛应用于气相加氢反应,可以选择性地活化C?O键而不活化C?C键.因此,本文将Cu/SiO2催化剂应用于DEM加氢反应,重点考察了焙烧温度对催化剂结构与性能影响的本质原因.
　　采用蒸氨法制备Cu/SiO2催化剂,将一定量氨水滴加到硝酸铜水溶液中形成铜氨溶液后滴加JN-30硅溶胶,经老化、过滤、洗涤、烘干、焙烧、压片成型后得到40?60目的催化剂.将不同温度(623?1023 K)焙烧的Cu/SiO2催化剂装填入自制连续高压固定床反应器中进行DEM加氢反应,并采用N2物理吸脱附、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、N2O化学吸附、X射线衍射、傅里叶红外光谱、H2程序升温还原(TPR)、透射电镜及X射线光电子能谱等手段对不同温度焙烧催化剂进行表征.结果表明,在723 K焙烧的催化剂具有最大的比表面积和最均一的孔径分布,其铜组分分散均匀,活性铜表面积最大,焙烧后可以形成最多的页硅酸铜,导致还原后Cu+/Cu0比例较高.在该催化剂作用下,于473 K、2.0 MPa、氢酯摩尔比330和液体空速1.8 h–1条件下, DEM转化率为90.7%,1,3-PDO选择性为32.3%.
　　焙烧温度对Cu/SiO2催化剂组成、织构、结构、形貌及还原后的价态有较大影响.在焙烧温度为623?1023 K时,低温焙烧有利于生成页硅酸铜,而高温焙烧则有利于形成CuO.在焙烧温度升高的过程中,铜组分形态会发生较大变化,在623?723 K焙烧的催化剂中页硅酸铜含量不断增加;继续升高温度至823 K,页硅酸铜含量减少,但是分散变差,导致铜的比表面积、孔体积和孔径最小;进一步升高温度至923 K,页硅酸铜消失, CuO分散均匀, H2-TPR的还原峰窄且对称;当温度升高到1023 K时,铜晶体迅速长大而较难被还原.     

Fe-Mn/Al2O3催化剂低温 NH3选择性催化还原 NO的性能

本文制备了一系列 Fe-Mn/Al2O3催化剂,并在固定床上考察了其 NH3低温选择性催化还原 NO的性能.首先考察了不同 Fe负载量制备的催化剂的脱硝性能,优选出最佳的 Fe负载量;在此基础上,研究了 Mn负载量对催化剂脱硝效率的影响;最后,对优选催化剂的抗 H2O和抗 SO2性能进行了实验研究;同时,对催化剂由于 SO2所造成的失活机制进行了考察.采用 N2吸附-脱附、X射线衍射、透射电镜、能量弥散 X射线谱、程序升温还原、程序升温脱附、X射线光电子能谱、热重和傅里叶变换红外光谱等方法对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,最佳的 Fe和 Mn负载量均为8%,所制的8Fe-8Mn/Al2O3催化剂在150°C的脱硝效率可达近99%;同时,在整个低温测试区间(90–210°C)的脱硝效率均超过了92.6%. Fe在催化剂表面主要以 Fe3+形态存在,而 Mn主要包括 Mn4+和 Mn3+; Mn的添加提高了 Fe在催化剂表面的积累,促进了催化剂比表面积增大和活性物种分散,改善了催化剂氧化还原性能和对 NH3的吸附能力.催化剂的高活性主要是由于其具有较大的比表面积、高度分散的活性物种、增加的还原特性和表面酸性、较低的结合能、较高的 Mn4+/Mn3+和增强的表面吸附氧.此外,8Fe-8Mn/Al2O3的催化性能受 H2O和 SO2影响较小,抗 H2O和 SO2能力较强.同时,反应温度对催化剂的抗硫性有重要影响,在较低的反应温度下,催化剂抗硫性更好; SO2造成催化剂活性降低主要是由于催化剂表面硫酸盐物种的生成.一方面,表面硫酸铵盐的生成造成催化剂孔道堵塞和比表面积降低,减少了反应中的气固接触从而导致活性降低;另一方面,催化剂表面的活性物种被硫酸化,造成反应中的有效活性位减少,从而降低了催化剂活性.     

Design,synthesis, characterization and catalytic performance of a new cellulose‐based magnetic nanocomposite in the one‐pot three‐component synthesis of α‐aminonitriles

A sulfonated magnetic cellulose‐based nanocomposite was prepared and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Then, it was used as a green nanocatalyst for the synthesis of α‐aminonitriles by a one‐pot three‐component condensation reaction of aldehydes or ketones, amines and trimethylsilylcyanide in ethanol at room temperature. The reaction procedure is simple, yields are very high, reaction time is very short and the catalyst can be easily separated from the reaction mixture and reused in subsequent reactions without significant loss of catalytic activity. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Preparation of Fe@Cu‐BDC and its catalytic performance for benzene hydroxylation

Novel Fe@Cu‐BDC catalysts were synthesized by adsorbing various contents of Fe ions on the surface and into the channels of Cu‐BDC support through an in situ method under ultrasonication. The structure of the catalysts was characterized using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The catalytic activity of catalysts for benzene hydroxylation was evaluated. The results showed that the Fe@Cu‐BDC catalysts had favorable catalytic activity for benzene hydroxylation. The yield of products can reach ca 37% and the selectivity of phenol can reach ca 62% over the 6% Fe@Cu‐BDC catalyst at 60°C in a reaction time of 75 min. Furthermore, the contents of Fe and solvent played a key role in benzene hydroxylation. After the reaction, the catalyst could be easily separated from the reaction mixture by centrifugation and reused for five times without significant decrease in activity.