过渡金属原子掺杂的锯齿型磷烯纳米带的磁电子学特性

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,研究了掺杂铁、钴和镍原子的锯齿型磷烯纳米带(ZPNR)的磁电子学特性.研究表明,掺杂和未掺杂ZPNR的结构都是稳定的.当处于非磁态时,未掺杂和掺杂钴原子的ZPNR为半导体,而掺杂铁或者镍原子的ZPNR为金属.自旋极化计算表明,未掺杂和掺杂钴原子的ZPNR无磁性,而掺杂铁或者镍原子的ZPNR有磁性,但只能表现出铁磁性.处于铁磁态时,掺杂铁原子的ZPNR为磁性半导体,而掺杂镍原子的ZPNR为磁性半金属.掺杂铁或者镍原子的ZPNR的磁性主要由杂质原子贡献,产生磁性的原因则是在ZPNR中存在未配对电子.掺杂位置对ZPNR的磁电子学特性有一定的影响.该研究对于发展基于磷烯纳米带的纳米电子器件具有重要意义.     

低压下飞秒激光诱导Cu等离子体的诊断及空间分布实验研究

本文分别利用Gauss、Lorentz和Voigt函数对10Pa背景气压下飞秒激光诱导Cu等离子体光谱进行了拟合分析,结果表明,光谱在150ns内与Lorentz线型符合较好,200ns后与Gauss线型符合较好,Voigt线型与实验谱线一直符合较好。本文还对等离子体的电子密度和温度进行了诊断,并给出了它们随时间的演化;由发射光谱强度的时空演化,推知了等离子体的空间分布;利用时间飞行谱(TOF)得出了等离子体初期沿垂直靶面的膨胀速度。     

Fibre position effects on the operation of opto-pair fibre displacement sensors

In this article, two optical-fibre probes used in displacement measurements are reported. In one arrangement, two optical fibres with protective buffer jackets are placed together, while in the second arrangement, the protective buffer jackets are removed and the two fibres are placed with the claddings in contact, with a concomitant smaller centre-centre distance. As the core and cladding diameters are the same in both probes, the effect of the centre-centre distance on double-fibre designs can be investigated. The reflected output powers are recorded for the probes as a function of the axial distance from a reflective surface. A theoretical model is also implemented, which considers the effect of centre-to-centre separation of the optical fibres on the sensor performance, and the experimental results are compared with the theoretical predictions. The computed response curve includes a dead region where there is no response to displacement, an active region with an increasing reflection power with increasing displacement and a decaying region in which the reflected power decreases with increase in displacement. The operational performance criteria of the two probes are also investigated. The hysteresis, reproducibility and time stability of the probes are investigated. The hysteresis is approximately 1%, reproducibility approximately 1.1% and time stability is better than 1.5% (600 s time scale) in both probes.     

忆阻电路的基本性质及其应用

对有边界的忆阻元件与电容、 电感的串、 并联电路分别进行了研究, 分析了电路所具有的特性和频率及元件的电容、 电感对电路的影响, 通过仿真验证了理论结果.根据有边界的忆阻元件及其构成电路的性质研究, 对其潜在的应用进行了预测.     

Ag（110）表面声子谱的分析型EAM模型计算

应用晶格动力学，结合分析型EAM模型，计算了Ag(110)表面声子频率和振动极化方向，通过比较弛豫与未弛豫表面的计算结果，发现弛豫后的结果与He原子散射实验数据符合得很好，表面振动的极化局域特征符合表面的二维对称性，沿方向的S2和S3表面模也和实验结果—致. 关键词： 表面声子谱 弛豫 EAM 极化     

Superconducting detectors in astronomy

Radiation detectors based on superconducting phenomena are becoming increasingly important for observational astronomy. Recent developments in this important field, together with relevant background, are described here. After a general introduction to superconductivity and the field of superconductor-based radiation sensors, the main detector types are examined with regard to their physical form, operating principles and principal advantages. All major forms of superconducting detectors used in contemporary research such as tunnelling detectors, mixers, hot-electron bolometers and transition edge sensitive devices are discussed with an emphasis on how more recent developments are overcoming the shortcomings of the previous device generations. Also, discussed are new ideas in superconducting detector technology that may find applications in the coming years.     

两种气液两相流模型的应用和比较

本文应用MUSIG模型[1]和均一直径模型对某溶液堆台架模型堆芯内气液流动传热进行了数值模拟.在MUSIG模型中堆芯内离散相气泡被分为5组不同直径的气泡,用于分析堆芯内气泡的流动变化和大小分布,采用Luo and Svendsen[2]和Prince and Blanch[3]模型描述不同直径气泡组间的破裂和聚合.在均一直径模型中,堆芯内的气体被考虑为同一直径的组分,并且不考虑其破裂与聚合现象.计算得到采用两个模型的模拟结果并且对其进行了对比研究.结果显示应用MUSIG模型的计算结果与台架实验结果吻合更好.     

Chemical bond model of lattice distortions in hexagonal layers

The lattice distortions of a hexagonal layer are discussed in terms of a simple model with isotropic interactions. If only nearest-neighbour interactions are considered, the only stable distorted structures are the MnP structure (with zig-zag chains) and the low-temperature NbS structure (with triangles of metal atoms). If also interactions with more distant atoms are considered, more complicated distortions, as observed in crystals with charge density waves, are possible.     

质子与金属布线层核反应对微纳级静态随机存储器单粒子效应的影响分析

金属布线层对微纳级静态随机存储器(static random access memory, SRAM) 质子单粒子效应敏感性的影响值得关注. 利用Geant4针对不同能量(30 MeV, 100 MeV, 200 MeV和500 MeV)的质子与微纳级SRAM器件的核反应过程开展计算, 研究了核反应次级粒子的种类、线性能量传输值(linear energy transfer, LET)及射程情况, 尤其对高LET 值的核反应次级粒子及其射程开展了详细分析. 研究表明, 金属布线层的存在和质子能量的增大为原子序数大于或等于30的重核次级粒子的产生创造了条件, 器件体硅区中原子序数大于60的重核离子来源于质子与钨材料的核反应, 核反应过程中的特殊作用机理会生成原子序数在30至50之间的次级粒子, 且质子能量的增大有助于这种作用机理的发生, 原子序数在30至50之间的次级粒子在器件体硅区的LET值最大约为37 MeV·cm²/mg, 相应射程可达到几微米, 对于阱深在微米量级的微纳级SRAM器件而言, 有引发单粒子闩锁的可能. 研究结果为空间辐射环境中宇航器件的质子单粒子效应研究提供理论支撑.     

亲水性材料固相萃取-紫外导数光谱法检测血中茚满二酮灯抗凝 …

本文报导了血中茚满二酮类抗凝血杀鼠剂敌鼠、氯敌鼠、杀鼠酮的亲水性材料固相萃取－紫外导数光谱检测法。血样用pＨ５缓冲液等体积稀释后加于西雷脱硅藻土柱上,柱用乙酸乙 酯洗脱,将洗脱液挥发干净,剩余物用pＨ１０缓冲液溶解,测定所得溶液的二阶导数光谱进行定性和定量分析。三种杀鼠剂以１０mg／Ｌ的量加于空白血中测得萃取率为８５％以上,血中三种杀鼠剂的检出限低于２ｍｇ／Ｌ。萃取中亲水性硅藻土可用硅胶和氧化铝代替,     

Petrov–Galerkin and discontinuous-Galerkin methods for time-domain and frequency-domain electromagnetic simulations

Finite-element discretizations for Maxwell’s first-order curl equations in both the time domain and frequency domain are developed. Petrov–Galerkin and discontinuous-Galerkin formulations are compared using higher-order basis functions. Verification cases are run to examine the accuracy of the algorithms on problems with exact solutions. Comparisons with other, well accepted, methodologies are also considered for problems for which exact solutions do not exist. Effects of several parameters, including spatial and temporal refinement, are also examined and the relative efficiency of each scheme is discussed. By considering test cases previously considered by other researchers, it is also demonstrated that the algorithms do not exhibit spurious solutions. Finally, three-dimensional results are compared with test results for a rectangular waveguide for which experimental data has been obtained with the explicit purpose of code-validation. The ability to predict changes in scattering parameters caused by variations in geometric and material properties are examined and it is demonstrated that the algorithms predict these changes with good accuracy.     

Particle-number conserving analysis of the high-K multi-quasiparticle bands in 179Re

The experimentally observed ten rotational bands in 179Re are analyzed with the particle-number conserving method for treating the cranked shell model with pairing interaction, in which the blocking effects are taken into account exactly. The experimental moments of inertia of these bands are reproduced quite well by our calculations with no free parameter and the deformation driving effects are discussed. The bandhead energies and the variation in the occupation probability of each cranked orbital are also analyzed.     

导电平板上任意缝隙填充各向异性介质时TM波散射和传输特性分析

简单介绍了用于分析任意口径问题的通用频域方法——广义网络原理,并利用边界积分法和广义网络原理分析导电平板上任意缝隙填充各向异性介质时TM波的散射及传输特性.由于缝隙填充各向异性介质的情形尚未见公开文献报道,作为验证,将本方法退化计算各向同性介质填充时缝隙的散射和传输特性,并与文献结果进行比较.最后,给出了缝隙填充各向异性介质时的算例.     

Si5++He相互作用时双活跃电子势能的计算

利用附加电子转移因子和开关函数的半经典近似和量子分子轨道方法,在0.3～3.0 KeV能区和2.0～20.0(a.u.)核间距的条件下,对Si5+离子与He原子相互作用过程中5个singlet 态和5个triplet态的双电子捕获势能进行了理论计算.通过参数优化,在比较了基通道电子转移势能和实验值之后,研究了主通道的电子转移势能.其结果说明了这一动力学过程中的避交叉(avoided crossings)性质,给出了双电子容易被捕获的不同核间距离点.     

基于Riemann解的二维流体力学Lagrange有限点无网格方法

在高维流体力学计算中,对于多介质大变形等一类问题,采用有网格方法常遇到较大的困难.针对二维问题,研究了一种无网格方法——Lagrange有限点方法:在求解区域上设置适当的离散点集,视其中每一点为流体力学Lagrange点;对于点集的任一点,确定邻点集合,并基于该点同邻点集合的联系,应用Godunov方法将流体力学Lagrange方程进行离散;考虑到算法的稳健性,方法中可设置较多邻点并采用最小二乘法.将该方法应用于典型的数值算例,取得了良好效果.     

离子推力器放电腔数值模拟

 为更好地理解放电腔内等离子体物理机制,对Kaufman型离子推力器放电腔进行了数值研究,其中初始电子采用粒子模拟的方法处理,二次电子和离子采用漂移-扩散流体近似描述。模拟结果与已有实验测量数据进行对比表明：所采用计算方法适用于放电腔内等离子体流动规律的数值研究;模拟得到的稳态下等离子体分布及变化规律与实验测量数据相吻合;磁场的设计对初始电子起到显著的约束作用,有效地提高了其与工质气体的电离碰撞几率;二次电子的精确描述还需在流体方程中耦合磁场效应。     

Periodic waves in nonlinear metamaterials

Periodic waves are presented in this Letter. With symbolic computation, equations for monochromatic waves are studied, and analytic periodic waves are obtained. Factors affecting properties of periodic waves are analyzed. Nonlinear metamaterials, with the continuous distribution of the dielectric permittivity obtained, are different from the ones with the discrete distribution.     

毛细芯热管蒸汽流动特性研究

热管内蒸发和凝结时工质会径向迁移,导致蒸汽流动特性与管流有很大不同。对热管内蒸汽流动的速度分布和压降特性进行了分析,比较了现有热管蒸汽压降的计算方法。同时考虑蒸汽流动时黏性力和惯性力的作用,提出了计算蒸汽流动速度和压降的改进方法,消除了前人方法应用范围的限制。利用此计算方法,蒸汽速度分布随径向雷诺数变化较大。与钠热管的数值模拟结果对比表明,此计算方法应用范围广,准确度较高。     

Prediction method for listening score and psychological impression taking into account hearing loss due to factors such as aging

This paper considers how the listening scores obtained for audio signals and psychological impressions for speech audibility change when factors such as hearing loss due to aging are taken into account. Concretely, frequency filters for simulating hearing loss due to factors such as aging are first prepared. Next, psychological listening experiments are conducted in which both the audio signal and the noise passing through the above-mentioned filters are transmitted to subjects with normal hearing. Using the observed experimental data, the relationships between the weighted-mean spectral distance and the listening scores of the audio signals and psychological impressions with respect to speech audibility are investigated. Next, based on these relationships, problems associated with the prediction of listening scores of audio signals and psychological impressions with respect to speech audibility are discussed. The predicted results are in good agreement with the observed values.