Mo/HZSM-5丙烷芳构化催化性能及其吸附量热的研究

采用等量浸渍法制得一系列不同担载量的Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂,运用ＸＲＤ和ＦＴＩＲ方法考察了Ｍｏ物种在催化剂表面的分散状态,首次采用微分吸一热技术对Ｍｏ／ＨｚＳＭ－５催化剂的表面酸性进行表征。同时研究了催化剂对丙烷芳构化的反应活性。结果表明：对于担载Ｍｏ的ＨＺＳＭ－５分子筛催化剂,Ｍｏ物种在ＨＺＳＭ－５分子筛表面上顺序为ＨＺＳＭ－５〉１％Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５〉２％Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５分子筛本身表面的酸     

正戊烷异构化反应表征固体超强酸性

详细研究了低温下固体酸催化剂上的正戊烷反应，发现在ＳＯ４＾２－／ＭｘＯｙ型固体超强酸，ＨＭ和ＨＺＳＭ－５沸石表面上正戊烷反应以异构化为主，其反应动力学符合一级可逆反应规律，催化剂的酸强度与正戊烷异构化反应速率常数呈顺变关系，由此提出了一种适合于－１６＜Ｈ０＜－１２的固体酸强度测定方法，解决了该区域内有色样品或高温易分解样品在酸性测量上的难题。     

Zn／HZSM－5分子筛上乙烯、乙烷芳构化的协同作用机理

运用ＮＨ＿３－ＴＰＤ、ＩＲ－ＯＨ、Ｐｙ－ＩＲ、ＣＯ－ＩＲ及ＸＰＳ等手段对Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５及其浸碱催化剂的酸组分和金属组分构成的Ｌ酸性质进行了表征，考察了催化剂对乙烯、乙烷的芳构化作用．发现Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５中形成了Ｚｎ￣（２＋）－Ｌ强酸中心，使分子筛的Ｂ酸中心减少．浸碱也可使分子筛的Ｂ酸减少，芳构化反应的活性和选择性均与Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５的双中心Ｚｎ￣（２＋）－Ｌ酸和Ｂ酸的相互匹配密切相关，Ｂ酸和Ｌ酸存在最适合匹配，因此Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５在乙烯、乙烷芳构化反应中存在最佳锌含量．     

低碳烷烃合成芳烃的研究

对ＺＳＭ－５型高硅沸石进行了锌改性，制备了不同锌含量的Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂。以丙烷为原料，在反应温度４７０～５５０℃，空速１～７ｈ￣（－１）条件下反应，并考察了催化剂的稳定性。结果表明，Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５较ＨＺＳＭ－５在原料转化率变化不大的情况下，芳烃选择性有较大提高，液体产物收率明显增加。氨ＴＰＤ和吡啶陡吸附红外光谱表明，Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５较ＨＺＳＭ－５总酸量低，Ｌ酸量多，Ｂ酸量少。丙烷在线热重分析表明，Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５积炭初速度较ＨＺＳＭ－５低一半，Ｈ＿２化学吸附表明，Ｚｎ／ＨＺＳＭ－５的吸氢量是０．４５ｍｍｏｌＨ２／ｇＺｎ，相当于每ｍｇ锌可吸附２．７１×１０￣（１７）个氢分子。     

P-HZSM-5催化剂上合成对异丙基苯酚的研究

研究了在Ｐ－ＨＺＳＭ－５ 上苯酚与异丙醇烷基化合成对异丙基苯酚（ｐ－ＩＰＰ）的反应, 考察了磷含量对催化反应性能的影响, 用ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ和Ｐｙｒ－ＩＲ表征了Ｐ－ＨＺＳＭ－５ 的表面酸性质． 结果表明, 磷改性ＨＺＳＭ－５ 可提高ｐ－ＩＰＰ选择性（达９５％ ）, 而降低了苯酚的转化率, 并导致酸量减少和酸强度减弱． 磷与分子筛的相互作用引起了分子筛脱铝． 焙烧温度对活性和选择性均有影响． 分子筛在９７３ Ｋ、Ｐ－ＨＺＳＭ－５ 在８２３ Ｋ焙烧时, ｐ－ＩＰＰ选择性最高     

低碳烃芳构化过程中HZSM—5催化剂结炭规律的研究

用ＧＣ、ＴＰＯ－ＧＣ、ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ和ＴＥＭ等方面，测定了丙烷在ＨＺＳＭ－５沸石上芳构化过程中，催化剂的活性、结炭量、结炭Ｃ／Ｈ比、酸密度等，考察了催化剂的结炭量与其它参数之间的关系。结果表明，在反应温度为８７３Ｋ，进料空速ＷＨＳＶ＝５ｈ＾－１时，丙烷在ＨＺＳＭ－５上的结炭首先发生在沸石晶体的外表面的活性中心上；结炭量为１．８－３．４％时，主要在孔道交叉点结炭；结炭量在３．４－５．７％时，孔道已有     

甲烷在MoO_3／HZSM－5分子筛催化剂上的非氧催化转化

研究了反应温度、空速、Ｍｏ担载量和焙烧温度对ＭｏＯ３／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂上甲烷的芳构化反应的影响．ＨＺＳＭ－５分子筛的Ｂｒｏｎｓｔｅｄ酸性、孔道结构和Ｍｏ在分子筛中的分布是影响催化性能的重要因素．ＨＺＳＭ－５上Ｍｏ担载量为２～３％时活性最佳，在１０１３Ｋ反应温度下甲烷转化率可达９％，芳烃选择性大于９０％．空速影响的实验表明乙烯是反应的初始产物．在此基础上提出了＂甲烷酸助异裂活化＂的新概念、＂金属钼类碳烯中间物＂的新观点和甲烷芳构化的可能机理．     

P—HZSM—5催化剂上合成对异丙基苯酚的研究

研究了在Ｐ－ＨＺＳＭ－５上苯酚与异丙醇烷基化合成对异丙基苯酚（ｐ－ＩＰＰ）的反应,考察了磷含量对催化反应性能的影响,用ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ和Ｐｙｒ－ＩＲ表征也Ｐ－ＨＺＳＭ－５的表面酸性质 ,结果表明,磷改性ＨＺＳＭ－５可提高ｐ－ＩＰＰ选择性（达９５％）。而降低了苯酚的转化率,并导致酸量减少和酸强度减弱,磷与分子筛的相互作用引起了分子筛脱铝,焙烧温度对活性和选择性均有影响,分子筛在９７３Ｋ、Ｐ－ＨＺＳＭ＿     

甲烷无氧芳构化制芳烃双功能催化剂的研究

以 Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５作为甲烷无氧芳构化的金属一酸双功能催化剂,研究了 ＨＺＳＭ－５ 分子筛表面的硅酯修饰对Ｍｏ物种的分散状态、配位结构及催化剂的催化性能的影响, 并通过水汽处理调变分子筛的酸性,考察了催化剂的积炭行为同酸强度分布的关系． 并发现分子筛表面的中性端式硅羟基或酸性桥式铝羟基与Ｍｏ物种结合对Ｍｏ物种的分 散状态和配位结构有不同影响．ＸＰＳ和Ｈ_２－ＴＰＤ结果表明,浸渍Ｍｏ组分之前对分子筛 表面进行硅酯修饰以覆盖其外表面的部分铝羟基可以显著提高Ｍｏ物种的分散度,说明 硅羟基对Ｍｏ物种的分散有利,而与铝羟基结合则不利于Ｍｏ物种的分散．ＥＳＲ结果表 明,催化剂表面大部分Ｍｏ物种与分子筛的铝物种之间无直接相互作用,这部分Ｍｏ物 种以六配位为主,容易被还原为碳化钼活性相;与分子筛的铝物种之间存在强相互作 用的那部分 Ｍｏ物种则以四配位和五配位为主,不易被还原为碳化钼活性相,对反应不 利,硅酯修饰使六配位的Ｍｏ物种增多,减少了四配位Ｍｏ物种的生成,使催化剂的活 性有所提高,但对积炭行为影响很小．反应过程中积炭主要在分子筛的酸中心上生成． ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ与 ＴＰＯ结果表明,在ＭＯ／ＨＺＳＭ－５的酸中心上主要生成两类不同Ｈ／Ｃ比     

甲烷在MoO3/HZSM-5分子筛催化剂上的非氧催化转化

研究了反应温度、空速、Ｍｏ担载量和焙温度对ＭｏＯ３／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂上甲烷的芳构化反应的影响。ＨＺＳＭ－５分子筛的Ｂｒｏｎｓｔｅｄ酸性、孔道结构和Ｍｏ在分子筛中的分布是影响催化性能的重要因素，ＨＺＳＭ－５上Ｍｏ担载量为２－３％时活性最佳，在１０１３Ｋ反应温度下甲烷转化率可达９％，芳烃选择性大于９０％，空速影响的实验表明乙烯明反应的初始产物，在此基础上提出了“甲烷酸助异裂活化”的新概念、“金属相类     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.