滑竹叶提取物在HCl介质中对铝的缓蚀性能

采用失重法、动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱、红外光谱、紫外光谱和扫描电子显微镜研究了滑竹叶提取物(YPLE)在1.0 mol/L HCl介质中对铝的缓蚀作用。结果表明,YPLE对铝具有良好的缓蚀作用,缓蚀率随其浓度的增加而增大,且在铝表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式。YPLE为阴极抑制型缓蚀剂;电化学阻抗谱在高频区呈容抗弧,在低频区呈感抗弧,添加YPLE后,阻抗值显著增大。SEM表明,添加YPLE对铝的腐蚀产生了明显的抑制作用。     

氨基酸缓蚀剂在盐酸溶液中对钢的缓蚀作用

应用极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱等测试技术,研究了以谷氨酸作缓蚀剂在10%盐酸介质中对X65钢的缓蚀作用,测试腐蚀参数包括腐蚀电位(Ecorr)、极化电阻(Rp)、缓蚀效率(η)等.研究表明:该缓蚀剂是一种抑制阴极为主的混合型缓蚀剂,在较低的浓度具有良好缓蚀效果;缓蚀效率随着浓度的增加而提高,并在0.3g.L-1时达到最大值(90%以上).     

绿色聚天冬氨酸复配缓蚀剂对A3碳钢的缓蚀抑雾作用

采用失重法和极化曲线法研究了聚天冬氨酸(PASP)和十二烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)复配对A3碳钢在6mol·L-1HCl腐蚀介质中的协同吸附行为及缓蚀抑雾作用.结果表明:复配缓蚀剂可有效抑制A3碳钢在HC1介质中的腐蚀,当PASP浓度为20g·L-1,缓蚀率可达94%,抑雾率83%;随着温度的升高,复配缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能下降.复合缓蚀剂在钢表面的吸附符合校正的Langmuir模型,吸附过程为放热、熵减的自发过程;复配体系属于阳极型缓蚀剂.     

竹叶提取物对铝在HCl溶液中的缓蚀作用(英文)

用不同浓度的C2H5OH(体积分数:20%-80%)从金竹竹叶中提取制备出竹叶缓蚀剂(简称为PSLE),用紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱和傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱对其进行了表征,并对总黄酮含量进行了测定.采用失重法、动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究PSLE在HCl介质中对铝的缓蚀作用.采用量子化学密度泛函理论(DFT)研究了两个主要竹叶黄酮成分牡荆苷和异牡荆苷的吸附方式.结果表明:PSLE对铝具有良好的缓蚀作用,且在铝表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式.缓蚀率随其浓度的增加而增大,但随温度的升高和盐酸浓度的增加而降低.竹叶总黄酮含量和竹叶缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能有良好的相关性,初步推测竹叶缓蚀剂的有效成分主要为竹叶黄酮类化合物.PSLE为阴极抑制型缓蚀剂;EIS在高频区呈容抗弧,在低频区呈感抗弧,添加PSLE后,阻抗值显著增大.SEM表明添加PSLE对铝的腐蚀产生了明显的抑制作用.量子化学计算结果表明,牡荆苷和异牡荆苷的吸附中心主要集中在竹叶黄酮骨架(FBS).     

氯化硝基四氮唑蓝对钢在盐酸溶液中的缓蚀作用

采用失重法、动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了氯化硝基四氮唑蓝(NTBC)在1.0-5.0mo·lL-1HCl溶液中对冷轧钢(CRS)的缓蚀作用.结果表明:NTBC在1.0mo·lL-1HCl溶液中对冷轧钢具有良好的缓蚀作用,且在钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式.缓蚀率随缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大,但随盐酸浓度和温度的增加而减小.求出了相应的吸附热力学(吸附自由能ΔG0,吸附焓ΔH0,吸附熵ΔS0)和腐蚀动力学参数(腐蚀速率常数k,动力学常数B),并根据这些参数讨论了缓蚀作用机理.动电位极化曲线表明:NTBC为混合抑制型缓蚀剂;EIS谱在高频区呈容抗弧,在低频区出现感抗弧,电荷转移电阻随缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大.SEM再次表明NTBC对钢在盐酸介质中的腐蚀产生了明显的抑制作用.     

盐酸介质中水杨醛缩氨基硫脲对碳钢的缓蚀作用

合成了新型席夫碱缓蚀剂:水杨醛缩氨基硫脲(ST),并考察了其在1 mol/L盐酸溶液中对碳钢的缓蚀性能。通过静态失重、动电位极化曲线、交流阻抗等技术手段研究缓蚀剂浓度对腐蚀速率及缓蚀效率的影响,阐明缓蚀作用机理。结果表明,ST在盐酸介质中对碳钢具有良好的缓蚀性能。随着缓蚀剂浓度的增加,缓蚀效率逐渐增大。ST的加入显著降低了自腐蚀电流密度,为抑制阴极反应为主的缓蚀剂。ST在碳钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附模型,为物理吸附与化学吸附共同作用。     

竹叶提取物对铝在HCl溶液中的缓蚀作用

用不同浓度的C₂H₅OH（体积分数：20%-80%）从金竹竹叶中提取制备出竹叶缓蚀剂（简称为PSLE）,用紫外-可见（UV-Vis）光谱和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱对其进行了表征,并对总黄酮含量进行了测定. 采用失重法、动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究PSLE在HCl 介质中对铝的缓蚀作用.采用量子化学密度泛函理论（DFT）研究了两个主要竹叶黄酮成分牡荆苷和异牡荆苷的吸附方式. 结果表明：PSLE对铝具有良好的缓蚀作用,且在铝表面的吸附符合Langmuir 吸附等温式. 缓蚀率随其浓度的增加而增大,但随温度的升高和盐酸浓度的增加而降低. 竹叶总黄酮含量和竹叶缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能有良好的相关性,初步推测竹叶缓蚀剂的有效成分主要为竹叶黄酮类化合物. PSLE为阴极抑制型缓蚀剂;EIS 在高频区呈容抗弧,在低频区呈感抗弧,添加PSLE后,阻抗值显著增大. SEM表明添加PSLE对铝的腐蚀产生了明显的抑制作用.量子化学计算结果表明,牡荆苷和异牡荆苷的吸附中心主要集中在竹叶黄酮骨架（FBS）.     

金属缓蚀剂Gemini型咪唑啉双季铵盐的合成及其性能的研究

合成了系列新型咪唑啉双季铵盐阳离子缓蚀剂（S-HSJ）,研究并讨论了其在5%盐酸介质中对铜、铝等金属的缓蚀性能及缓蚀剂结构中亲油基部分碳链长度、缓蚀时间、缓蚀剂浓度等对缓蚀效果的影响。研究表明：S-HSJ系列咪唑啉双季铵盐对红铜、黄铜、铝及马口铁四种金属均表现出较传统单季铵盐与苯并三氮唑缓蚀剂好的缓蚀性能,S-HSJ-16双季铵盐添加量0.1%时缓蚀效率可达94~99%,S-HSJ与阴离子表面活性剂复配对铜腐蚀表现出明显协同效应。     

竹叶提取物对铝在HCI溶液中的缓蚀作用

用不同浓度的C2H5OH(体积分数:20％-80％)从金竹竹叶中提取制备出竹叶缓蚀剂(简称为PSLE),用紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱和傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱对其进行了表征,并对总黄酮含量进行了测定.采用失重法、动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究PSLE在HCI介质中对铝的缓蚀作用.采用量子化学密度泛函理论(DFT)研究了两个主要竹叶黄酮成分牡荆苷和异牡荆苷的吸附方式.结果表明:PSLE对铝具有良好的缓蚀作用,且在铝表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式.缓蚀率随其浓度的增加而增大,但随温度的升高和盐酸浓度的增加而降低.竹叶总黄酮含量和竹叶缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能有良好的相关性,初步推测竹叶缓蚀剂的有效成分主要为竹叶黄酮类化合物.PSLE为阴极抑制型缓蚀剂;EIS在高频区呈容抗弧,在低频区呈感抗弧,添加PSLE后,阻抗值显著增大.SEM表明添加PSLE对铝的腐蚀产生了明显的抑制作用.量子化学计算结果表明,牡荆苷和异牡荆苷的吸附中心主要集中在竹叶黄酮骨架(FBS).     

阳离子型可聚合咪唑类离子液体-丙烯酰胺共聚物的制备及其对盐酸腐蚀碳钢缓蚀行为

利用阳离子型可聚合离子液体1-丙烯酰氧乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐与丙烯酰胺的反相微乳液共聚合,制备了阳离子型咪唑类离子液体-丙烯酰胺共聚物缓蚀剂,并探讨了其缓蚀性能。研究了不同阳离子度、不同浓度聚合物溶液的缓蚀性能以及吸附时间对盐酸腐蚀碳钢速率的影响,并初步讨论了缓蚀机理。研究表明,该种阳离子型缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率可达90%以上;缓蚀剂的缓蚀能力不仅取决于缓蚀剂的阳离子度,还取决于该种缓蚀剂的相对分子质量;缓蚀效率并非简单地随聚合物浓度的增加而提高,当聚合物溶液的浓度过高时,反而会使缓蚀效率下降;随吸附时间的延长,碳钢的腐蚀速率逐渐降低,约40 h后基本保持不变;加入缓蚀剂有效抑制了酸对铁的腐蚀,随缓蚀效率的提高,碳钢表面的粗糙程度明显降低,孔洞结构减少。     

Synthesis of γγγ-trifluorocarbonyl compounds

γγγ-Trifluorocarbonyl compounds are easily obtained in a good yield by introduction of the 1,1,1-trifluoroethyl moiety (CF₃-CH₂-) on the -methylene group of a ketone.     

Die Kristallstruktur des W3CoB3 und der dazu isotypen Phasen Mo3CoB3, Mo3NiB3 und W3NiB3

Zusammenfassung Mo₃CoB₃, Mo₃NiB₃, W₃CoB₃ und W₃NiB₃ kristallisieren in einem eigenen Typ (W₃CoB₃-Struktur). Das trigonal prismatische Bauelement [T ₆B]^* ist zu Ketten vereinigt, wobei B₃-Gruppen entstehen. Die Phasen sind vermutlich Bor-reicher als obiger Formel entspricht.

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The crystal structure of W₃CoB₃ and the isotypic phases Mo₃CoB₃, Mo₃NiB₃, and W₃NiB₃

Mo₃CoB₃, Mo₃NiB₃, W₃CoB₃, and W₃NiB₃ were found to possess a new type of crystal structure (W₃CoB₃-structure type). Trigonal prismatic groups [T ₆B]^* are linked together forming chains in such a way that B₃-groups occur. These borides do probably exist with a larger amount of boron as to compared with the formula.

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K3SbSe3, Rb3SbSe3 und Cs3SbSe3 – Synthese und Kristallstruktur

K₃SbSe₃, Rb₃SbSe₃, and Cs₃SbSe₃ – Synthesis and Crystal Structure The compounds K₃SbSe₃, Rb₃SbSe₃ and Cs₃SbSe₃ were synthesized by heating mixtures of Sb₂O₃ and an alkalicarbonate in a stream of hydrogen saturated by selenium in a temperature range between 750 °C and 800 °C. The compounds crystallize isostructural with Na₃AsS₃. A comparison of atomic distances and bond angles with those of the isostructural arsenic and bismuth compounds shows the effect of lone pairs.     

γ-Nitro-γ-butyrolacton

γ-Nitro-γ-butyrolactone By oxidation of 3-(1-nitro-2-oxocyclohexyl)propanal ( 1 ) with KMnO₄, besides 3-(1′-nitro-2′-oxocyclohexyl)pripionic acid ( 2 ), the complete hydrolysis product 4-oxononanedioic acid ( 4 ) and the oxidized semi-hydrolysis product 5-(2-nitro-5-oxotetrahydro-2-furyl)pentanoic acid ( 3 ) were formed. The crystalline 3 decomposes at r.t. forming 4 and nitrous gases; its structure was established by X-ray determination.     

Freezing the polarization of CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbI3-xClx perovskite films

Thin films of methylammonium lead halides, CH₃NH₃PbI₃ and CH₃NH₃PbI_3-xCl_x, were deposited onto symmetrical microstructured electrode arrays of gold or platinum on Si/SiO₂ wafers. Polarization studies were carried out on perovskite films under vacuum in the dark. For poling, a constant voltage was applied to the samples while the temperature was cycled between 295 K and 4 K. The measured current densities depending on the temperature showed distinct characteristics relating strongly to the crystal phase and the dielectric properties of the perovskite films. Voltage sweeps were carried out at different scan rates at specific temperature intervals after poling. The polarization of the films due to the migration of iodide vacancies in direction of the blocking perovskite/metal interface was frozen almost up to room temperature. Charge carriers were only able to cross the blocking barrier and contribute to the current where the ions have accumulated during poling. All J-V curves showed hysteresis: inverted and regular hysteresis at room temperature and below, respectively. Inverted hysteresis originates from the slow accumulation of ions at the blocking barrier, while regular hysteresis arises from a distortion in the adjacent crystals which will be discussed.     

K3BiSe3, Rb3BiSe3 und Cs3BiSe3 – Substitutionsvarianten des Th3P4-Typs

K₃BiSe₃, Rb₃BiSe₃, and Cs₃BiSe₃ – Derivatives of the Th₃P₄ Structure Type The compounds K₃BiSe₃, Rb₃BiSe₃, and Cs₃BiSe₃ were synthesized by heating mixtures of Bi₂O₃ and the respective alkalicarbonate in a stream of hydrogen saturated by selenium at 850°C. Thin crystals of the compounds appear red in transmitted light. They crystallize isostructural with Na₃AsS₃, space group P2₁3, lattice constants a = 9.771(5) Å, a = 10.161(3) Å, and a = 10.587(5) Å for K₃BiSe₃, Rb₃BiSe₃, and Cs₃BiSe₃, respectively. The Na₃AsS₃ structure type is a derivative of the Th₃P₄ structure type.     

Synthesis of some derivatives of 3-amino-3-desoxyerythrose and 3-amino-3-desoxy-D-3-erythrose

The synthesis of derivatives of 3-amino-3-deoxy-L-erythrose by LAH or LAD reduction of the oxime of 1,2-O-isopropylidene α-L -glycero-tetros-3-ulofuranose is described.     

Die Akzeptoreigenschaften von AsCl3, AsBr3, asJ3, SbCl3, SbBr3 und SbJ3

Zusammenfassung Es wurden die Enthalpien der Reaktionen von AsCl₃, AsBr₃, AsJ₃, SbCl₃, SbBr₃ und SbJ₃ mit Tributylphosphat, N,N-Dimethylacetamid und Hexamethylphosphorsäuretriamid bestimmt. Das Verhalten der Addukte bei Gegenwart eines Überschusses der Donoren wird beschrieben.

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Acceptor properties of AsCl₃, AsBr₃, AsI₃, SbCl₃, SbBr₃, and SbI₃

The enthalpies of the reactions of AsCl₃, AsBr₃, AsI₃, SbCl₃, SbBr₃ and SbI₃ with tributylphosphate, N,N-dimethylacetamide and hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide were measured. The behavior of the adducts in the presence of excess donor molecules is described.

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3x-pyrrolizin-3-ones

Condensation of pyrrole-2-dithiocarboxylates with CH acids containing ester groups, in the KOH-DMSO system, was used to prepare previously unknown 1-alkylthio-3H pyrrolizin-3-ones. The latter, treated with secondary amines, are readily converted to the corresponding 1-amino derivatives.     

3-H-pyrrolizin-3-ones

Previously unknown 1-alkylthio-3H-pyrrolizin-3-ones have been obtained by the condensation of pyrrole-2-dithiocarboxylates with CH acids containing ester groupings in the KOH-DMSO system. On treating the products with secondary amines they are readily converted into the corresponding 1-amino derivatives.Irkutsk Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk 664033. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 919–924, July, 1996. Original article submitted May 2, 1996.