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1.
Corrosion behavior of aluminum, steel, and cast iron in aqueous-glycolic solutions containing 5 to 50 vol % was studied both in the absence of contact and in aluminum-steel, aluminum-cast iron, steel-cast iron, and aluminum-steel-cast iron contact systems. 相似文献
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Corrosion behavior of aluminum, steel, and cast iron both without contact and in short-circuited aluminum-steel, aluminum-cast iron, steel-cast iron, and aluminum-steel-cast iron systems in fresh water, ethylene glycol, and its aqueous solutions of various compositions containing 5 to 95 vol % fresh water was studied. 相似文献
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Iron stories. Between phlogiston and plumbago : which place for ‘oxygen cast-iron’ ? The evolution of knowledge on steel and iron, with the first quantitative chemical analysis by Lavoisier, is described along the 18th century and the first years of the 19th. After the classification by Réaumur of wrought iron, steel and cast iron, based on an increasing content of ‘sulphurs and salts’, replaced by phlogiston and plumbago, the publication by Lavoisier of a high oxygen content in cast iron darkened the understanding of iron metallurgy. It was necessary to wait until the beginning of the 19th century, when Berzelius restored the situation. 相似文献
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The analysis of steel is simplified in a large measure by the removal of iron prior to the determination of a number of constituents. This report deals with the extraction of iron as the thiocyanate complex with n-butyl phosphate. The condition for optimal iron extraction were investigated. It was found that at a thiocyanate to iron ratio of 6 : 1, removal of iron by the ester is 97.5 % using one extraction. This technique was successfully applied to the determination of aluminum in steel. 相似文献
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电弧炉与红外碳、硫分析仪配套,用于测定硅铁、金属锰、矿石、铬铁、钒铁、合金钢铸铁、水泥、微晶玻璃,阳极泥等物质中碳量和硫量,结果满意。 相似文献
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对国内外金属材料分析方法标准(包括ASTM、JIS、EN和GB)中应用波长色散X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)的现状,从方法所涵盖的测定元素及其测定的含量范围以及谱线重叠和基体效应的校正等几个方面,并以钢铁分析中的应用为例作了评述。美国材料与试验协会在2012-2016年间先后发布了3个XRF标准方法,分别应用于铸铁、不锈钢、合金钢和低合金钢的分析,测定元素达13项,根据相关钢材的技术规格确定了各元素含量的测定范围。日本工业标准调查会于1997年并于2010年和2013年经修订公布了钢铁XRF分析法JIS标准,可测定各类钢材中主量、次量以及痕量元素达31项,其中镍、铁、钴和测定下限分别延伸至99.5%,50%和60%,从而使此方法有可能扩展应用于镍基、铁镍基和钴基高温合金的分析。我国先后于2007年和2018年由国家标准经主管部门颁布了XRF分析钢铁和高合金钢的两个标准,可测定这2类钢材中的元素为13项和11项,其测定含量范围系根据材料的技术规格确定。关于谱线重叠和基体效应的校正,各标准中在相关部分作了说明,而ASTM有两则独立标准专门论述这两个问题。在此评述对其他金属材料的XRF分析标准也作了介绍(引用文献15篇)。 相似文献
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Silicon in cast iron was analyzed by 14 MeV neutron activation—high-resolution γ-ray spectrometry. Silicon was detected as28Al, the product of the28Si(n, p)28Al reaction. Interference of56Mn was separated using a Ge(Li) detector and a biased amplifying system. The 1. 81 MeV gamma-radiation of56Mn, which is the product of the56Fe(n, p)56Mn reaction of the matrix of cast iron, was used as an internal standard and for correction of the self-absorption of the
1. 78 MeV gamma-radiation of28Al by the sample. The interferences of aluminum, phosphorus and manganese could be neglected according to the results calculated
from their nuclear properties and contents in the cast iron of this experiment.
The results of this method agreed well with the results of the usual chemical method, with errors less than 5% of the results,
and the precision of the method was satisfactory with a C. V. of less than almost 6% for rapid analysis of silicon in cast
iron. The analytical line through the origin with a slope of the mean value of the repetition experiments could be used as
the analytical line with almost the same precision and accuracy of the results as for the analytical line calculated by the
least squares method. 相似文献
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D. Emadi L. V. Whiting S. Nafisi R. Ghomashchi 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2005,81(1):235-242
Summary Thermal analysis is widely used to determine solidification characteristics of metals and alloys in various metallurgical processes. Computer-Aided Cooling Curve Analysis (CA-CCA) is the most popular thermal analysis technique because of its ease of use and low cost. This paper discusses the principles of CA-CCA and zero curve calculations. The methods for calculating key solidification characteristics of metals from cooling curves are presented, and their importance in the quality control of manufacturing processes are demonstrated. Examples are presented for cast iron, copper and aluminum alloys. 相似文献
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The corrosion behavior of aluminum, steel, and pig iron in fresh water, ethylene glycol, and waterglycol mixtures containing 5–95 vol % fresh water in the temperature range 20–100°C was studied. The influence of temperature on the corrosion rate of the metals was examined in relation to the composition of aqueous ethylene glycol solutions. 相似文献
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A new analytical method is presented, allowing the identification and determination of various forms of carbon (elemental and combined) present in materials. The method is based on temperature-controlled heating of the sample in oxygen or an inert atmosphere, with continuous recording of the amount of carbon oxides evolved, as a function of temperature. The application of the method is demonstrated with typical examples (cast iron, artificial diamond, carbides isolated from steel, electrographite). 相似文献
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A complexometric method for the determination of magnesium in nodular cast iron, alloyed cast iron and roll samples has been developed. The bulk of the iron is removed by ether extraction and the phosphate as zirconium phosphate. The other elements are removed by extraction with dithiocarbamate into chloroform. Magnesium is then titrated with EDTA at pH 10, with Eriochrome Black T as indicator. Calcium interferes, but is very rarely present in such cast iron samples. 相似文献
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Donaldson EM 《Talanta》1970,17(7):583-591
A method for determining up to 0.15% of vanadium in high-purity niobium and tantalum metals, cast iron, steel, non-ferrous alloys and silicates is described. The proposed method is based on the extraction of a red vanadium(V)-N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine complex into chloroform from a sulphuric-hydrofluoric acid medium containing excess of ammonium persulphate as oxidant. The molar absorptivity of the complex is 428 l.mole(-1).mm(-5) at 475 nm, the wavelength of maximum absorption. Interference from chromium(VI) and cerium(IV) is eliminated by reduction with iron(II). Common ions, including large amounts of titanium, zirconium, molybdenum and tungsten, do not interfere. 相似文献
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Determination of arsenic in steel and cast iron by hydride-generation atomic absorption spectrometry
A procedure is described for the determination of arsenic in steel and cast iron by atomic absorption spectrometry after hydride generation with sodium tetrahydroborate. The samples are decomposed with a nitric/perchloric acid mixture. The data are evaluated directly against acidic standard solutions of arsenic(V). The limit of detection is about 1 μg g?1 and the precision is better than 4% for concentrations exceeding 10 μg g?1. 相似文献
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辉光放电原子发射光谱法快速分析生铸铁 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过对辉光光源参数-放电电流、放电电压、预溅射时间和分析时间对生铸铁标样放电强度和稳定性影响的研究,优化光源参数,建立了辉光放电原子发射光谱法同时测定生铸铁中碳、硅、锰、磷、硫等12个元素的快速分析方法。分析生铸铁试样时发现了不同灰口铸铁在碳分析结果方面存在偏差,对碳的偏差进行了讨论并通过制样条件和光源参数的调整可以有效地减小偏差。通过对不同生铸铁样品进行准确度和精密度试验,结果表明:分析结果与标准值或化学法结果一致。分析一件试样的时间仅需2~5 min。 相似文献
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Al2O3 coatings were obtained by the alkoxide route and deposited on stainless steel using the dip coating technique. The starting precursor was aluminum sec-butoxide modified by acrylic acid in order to prevent its precipitation in the presence of water.Useful information for the structural organization of alumina coatings on stainless steel is deduced from SIMS analysis. SIMS data reveal that the coating structure brings into play two different layers: an outer alumina layer that is more or less doped, mainly by iron, and an internal layer corresponding to the alumina/steel interphase. Beneath the interphase, the presence of an oxidized steel layer on the substrate surface is detected.Whatever the coating, the alumina/steel interphase exhibits a nearly constant thickness. On the other hand, a thickness variation of the oxidized steel layer is observed between samples under study: this thickness increases with the curing time of the coating. 相似文献
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W. Devos M. Senn-Luder C. Moor C. Salter 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2000,366(8):873-880
The suitability of laser ablation ICP-MS for minor and trace analysis of archaeological iron finds, produced by a direct reduction process in a ‘bloomery’ furnace, is reported. The analysis of elemental impurities in the iron can provide useful archaeometallurgical information on the production process and the provenance of the iron. Since, even after refinement, the iron resulting from this process may contain many inclusions (slag, charcoal, holes, etc.), a method should be used with sufficient spatial resolution to preclude the inclusions from the analysis. The ablation parameters are selected such that ablation craters of approx. 100 μm in diameter are obtained. The method is validated with low alloy steel and cast iron standard reference materials and by a comparative analysis with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The precision is limited mainly by the homogeneity of the iron, rather than by instrumental reproducibility. The advantages and drawbacks of the method are briefly compared with EPMA. Preliminary results from the analysis of archaeological iron samples from excavations at Develier-Courtételle (Canton Jura, CH), Neftenbach (Canton Zurich, CH), Wartau (Canton St Gallen, CH) and Mont Chemin (Canton Valais, CH) are given. 相似文献