基于优化核极限学习机的风电功率时间序列预测

针对时间序列预测,在单隐层前馈神经网络的基础上,基于进化计算的优化策略,提出了一种优化的核极限学习机(optimized kernel extreme learning machine,O-KELM)方法.与极限学习机(extreme learning machine,ELM)方法相比,核极限学习机(kernel extreme learning machine,KELM)方法无须设定网络隐含层节点的数目,以核函数表示未知的隐含层非线性特征映射,通过正则化最小二乘算法计算网络的输出权值,它能以极快的学习速度获得良好的推广性.在KELM的基础上,分别将遗传算法、模拟退火、微分演化三种进化算法用于模型的结构输入选择、正则化系数以及核参数的优化选取,以进一步提高网络的性能.将O-KELM方法应用于标准Mackey-Glass混沌时间序列预测及某地区的风电功率时间序列预测实例中,在同等条件下,还与优化的极限学习机(optimized extreme learning machine,O-ELM)方法进行比较.实验结果表明,所提出的O-KELM方法在预测精度上优于O-ELM方法,表明了其有效性.     

基于微控制器数字硬件实现的网格涡卷超混沌系统

基于微控制器(MCU)设计了一个通用的四维混沌系统数字硬件实验电路,由此实现了9×7网格涡卷的混沌和超混沌吸引子的生成.本文基于由Colpitts振荡器模型延伸出的四维多涡卷超混沌系统,通过引入单位锯齿波函数替换原系统中的三角波函数,构建了一个便于MCU数字硬件实现的新的网格涡卷超混沌系统,并对新系统网格涡卷吸引子的形成机理进行了分析和数值仿真.通过采用Euler算法对新系统进行离散化,在实验电路的有效动态范围内可以生成比原系统更多网格涡卷数量的吸引子.实验结果有效验证了本文基于MCU实现的网格涡卷超混沌系统的可行性.     

一两维平面映射系统奇怪动力学行为

通过对一平面二维映射系统非线性动力学行为的分析,发现该系统状态随参数变化,经过稳定焦点、极限环(不变环)、倍周期分岔、收缩到低维流形上的混沌吸引子(具有一个正Lyapunov指数)、最后到在有界区域弥散开来的混沌吸引子(具有两个正Lyapunov指数)的过程.通过对该系统不动点的分析揭示了吸引子的吸引域边界结构,即不稳定第二类结点与不稳定偶数周期点在吸引域边界上的相间排列. 关键词：     

一个四翼混沌吸引子

在新的四维混沌系统中数值观察到四翼混沌吸引子，然而，通过进一步分析发现，该四翼吸引子并非真实的，实际上它是上、下两个共存的双翼混沌吸引子，他们各自有独立的混沌吸引域，由于其位置靠得太近和数值误差产生的一种假象.通过引入一个线性状态反馈控制项，系统的一些相似性被破坏，受控系统能产生穿越上下吸引域界限的对角双翼混沌吸引子，进一步，随着动力学模态的演化，上下混沌吸引子与对角混沌吸引子融合成一个真正的四翼混沌吸引子.最后，通过比较该四翼混沌吸引子的系统、Lorenz系统、Chua氏电路等混沌信号的频谱发现，四翼混沌吸引子的系统信号具有极宽的频谱带宽，该特性在通讯加密等工程应用中具有重要价值. 关键词： 四维混沌系统 双翼吸引子 四翼吸引子 频谱分析     

基于原对偶状态转移算法的分数阶多涡卷混沌系统辨识

未知分数阶混沌系统参数辨识问题可转化为函数优化问题, 是实现分数阶混沌系统同步与控制的关键. 结合正交学习机制和原对偶学习策略, 提出一种原对偶状态转移算法, 用于解决分数阶混沌系统的参数辨识问题. 利用正交学习机制产生较优的初始种群增加算法的收敛能力, 并引入原对偶操作增加状态在空间的搜索能力, 提高算法的寻优性能. 在有噪声和无噪声情况下以分数阶多涡卷混沌系统的参数辨识为研究对象进行仿真. 结果表明了该算法的有效性、鲁棒性和通用性.     

一种基于保守混沌的密钥分发协议及图像加密算法

耗散混沌系统可以通过时滞嵌入法重构混沌吸引子,因而耗散混沌在基于混沌的信息加密技术中存在一定隐患。针对这一问题提出一种基于保守混沌的密钥分发协议及图像加密算法,该算法将图像数据通过Hash算法转换为保守混沌系统的初始值,形成一次一密的加密结构。然后利用保守混沌信号结合密钥分发协议生成二进制密钥流,该过程由发送方和接受方双方共同完成。使用得到的二进制密钥流对图像数据置乱和扩散,得到加密图像数据。仿真结果表明：该算法安全可靠,能够有效地隐藏原图像信息,并能抵御一些常见的攻击。此外,该加密算法所使用的保守混沌不存在吸引子难以被破解,算法的安全性进一步加强。     

一类多折叠环面混沌吸引子

在双折叠环面混沌吸引子方程中构造一种具有多个分段线性化的奇函数，基于递归算法，导出可产生一类多折叠环面混沌吸引子的递归公式.通过适当选取各个分段线性区间的斜率值，利用所得的递归公式计算出分段线性化函数中各个平衡点和转折点之值，最终可产生一类多折叠环面混沌吸引子.给出了产生这类混沌吸引子的计算机数值模拟结果. 关键词： 双折叠环面混沌吸引子 多折叠环面混沌吸引子 递归算法     

基于Julia分形的多涡卷忆阻混沌系统

忆阻器作为一种非线性电子元件,能用作混沌系统中的非线性项,从而提高系统的复杂度.分形与混沌是密切相连的,分别对两者的研究都已成熟,却鲜有将分形过程应用到混沌系统中,以产生丰富的混沌吸引子.为了探索将分形与混沌系统相结合的可能性,本文首先提出了一个新的忆阻混沌系统,并从对称性、耗散性、平衡点稳定性、功率谱、Lyapunov指数和分数维等方面探讨了系统的动力学特性;紧接着,把经典的Julia分形过程应用到该忆阻混沌系统中,产生了新的混沌吸引子,并将几种由Julia分形衍生的变形Julia分形过程应用于文中提出的忆阻混沌系统,获得了丰富的混沌吸引子;最后,讨论了分形过程中的复常数对系统的影响.从仿真结果可以看出,分形过程与混沌系统的结合能产生丰富的多涡卷混沌吸引子.这不仅为产生多涡卷混沌吸引子提供了一种新方法,还弥补了使用功能函数方法造成混沌系统不光滑的不足.     

基于多核最小二乘支持向量机的永磁同步电机混沌建模及其实时在线预测

提出了多核最小二乘支持向量机的永磁同步电机混沌系统建模方法. 通过不同核函数的线性加权组合构造新的等价核,降低建模精度对核函数及其参数选择的依赖性. 理论上给出多核最小二乘支持向量机回归参数和模型输出值的求解方法. 采用关联积分计算方法对永磁同步电机混沌系统进行相空间重构,以窗式移动的在线学习方式对重构后的永磁同步电机混沌序列进行一步和多步实时在线预测,并讨论了不同测量噪声对该方法的影响. 仿真结果表明,该方法能有效提高永磁同步电机混沌系统的建模精度,具有良好的抗噪能力.     

利用单模激光Lorenz系统实现混沌反控制

利用Lyapunov函数方法，对混沌反控制问题进行了研究.以单模激光Lorenz系统和描述心脏搏动的Bonhoeffer-Van der Pol系统为例，设计了一种控制器，成功地使Bonhoeffer-Van der Pol系统混沌化.给出了控制器的具体设计方案以及单模激光Lorenz系统与Bonhoeffer-Van der Pol系统状态之间误差系统的结构.仿真结果表明，在控制器的作用下，Bonhoeffer-Van der Pol系统所有状态变量严格地跟踪了单模激光Lorenz系统的混沌轨迹，对应的相空间中Bonhoeffer-Van der Pol系统的轨迹也由极限环转变为与单模激光Lorenz系统的轨迹完全相同的混沌吸引子，Bonhoeffer-Van der Pol系统严格地跟踪了单模激光Lorenz系统混沌的动态行为.     

Chaotic behavior learning of Chua's circuit

Least-square support vector machines(LS-SVM) are applied for learning the chaotic behavior of Chua’s circuit.The system is divided into three multiple-input single-output(MISO) structures and the LS-SVM are trained individually.Comparing with classical approaches,the proposed one reduces the structural complexity and the selection of parameters is avoided.Some parameters of the attractor are used to compare the chaotic behavior of the reconstructed and the original systems for model validation.Results show that the LS-SVM combined with the MISO can be trained to identify the underlying link among Chua’s circuit state variables,and exhibit the chaotic attractors under the autonomous working mode.     

Dynamics of a new composite four–Scroll chaotic system

A new three-dimensional autonomous chaotic system is proposed. This new system can generate single-scroll, double-scroll, three-scroll and four-scroll attractors under different system parameters. Particularly, it can generate a four-scroll chaotic attractor composed of a large Chua-like attractor and a small Lorenz-like attractor. And the system can also generate a nested three-scroll attractor and the multi-double-scroll chaotic attractor. In addition, the system possesses the chaotic state transition, and the number of scrolls will change in the state transition process. The formation mechanism of the composite four-scroll chaotic attractor is analyzed in detail. The dynamic analysis methods include time series, 0–1 test chart, phase diagram, bifurcation diagram and Lyapunov exponents are used to describe some basic dynamics behaviors of the proposed system.     

一类分数阶混沌系统的研究

推广了一类分数阶混沌系统并证明了这类分数阶混沌系统的拓扑等价性,指出分数阶系统产生混沌吸引子的必要条件是系统平衡点的稳定性不变.通过数值模拟表明,此分数阶系统与整数阶系统一样仍然产生一对互不相交的2-涡卷混沌吸引子. 关键词： 分数阶 混沌 稳定性     

New robust chaotic system with exponential quadratic term

This paper proposes a new robust chaotic system of three-dimensional quadratic autonomous ordinary differential equations by introducing an exponential quadratic term. This system can display a double-scroll chaotic attractor with only two equilibria, and can be found to be robust chaotic in a very wide parameter domain with positive maximum Lyapunov exponent. Some basic dynamical properties and chaotic behaviour of novel attractor are studied. By numerical simulation, this paper verifies that the three-dimensional system can also evolve into periodic and chaotic behaviours by a constant controller.     

Phase space reconstruction of chaotic dynamical system based on wavelet decomposition

In view of the disadvantages of the traditional phase space reconstruction method,this paper presents the method of phase space reconstruction based on the wavelet decomposition and indicates that the wavelet decomposition of chaotic dynamical system is essentially a projection of chaotic attractor on the axes of space opened by the wavelet filter vectors,which corresponds to the time-delayed embedding method of phase space reconstruction proposed by Packard and Takens.The experimental results show that,the structure of dynamical trajectory of chaotic system on the wavelet space is much similar to the original system,and the nonlinear invariants such as correlation dimension,Lyapunov exponent and Kolmogorov entropy are still reserved.It demonstrates that wavelet decomposition is effective for characterizing chaotic dynamical system.     

蔡氏电路的研究与制作

在非线性电路中蔡氏电路是迄今为止产生复杂动力学行为的最为有效和较为简单的电路之一。从软件仿真和电路制作两个角度分别对蔡氏电路的特性进行了研究,讨论蔡氏电路的工作原理,分别用PSPICE和MATLAB软件仿真出蔡氏电路的相关特性,并制作出硬件电路,给出观察蔡氏电路周期1、周期2极限环及单涡卷和双涡卷混沌吸引子的实验结果,得出了与理论分析一致的结果。对进一步研究和设计专用混沌集成电路及混沌在保密通信中的应用具有积极的意义。     

Homoclinic tangency and chaotic attractor disappearance in a dripping faucet experiment

A sequence of attractors, reconstructed from interdrops time series data of a leaky faucet experiment, is analyzed as a function of the mean dripping rate. We established the presence of a saddle point and its manifolds in the attractors and we explained the dynamical changes in the system using the evolution of the manifolds of the saddle point, as suggested by the orbits traced in first return maps. The sequence starts at a fixed point and evolves to an invariant torus of increasing diameter (a Hopf bifurcation) that pushes the unstable manifold towards the stable one. The torus breaks up and the system shows a chaotic attractor bounded by the unstable manifold of the saddle. With the attractor expansion the unstable manifold becomes tangential to the stable one, giving rise to the sudden disappearance of the chaotic attractor, which is an experimental observation of a so called chaotic blue sky catastrophe.     

Generating multi-layer nested chaotic attractor and its FPGA implementation

Complex chaotic sequences are widely employed in real world, so obtaining more complex sequences have received highly interest. For enhancing the complexity of chaotic sequences, a common approach is increasing the scroll-number of attractors. In this paper, a novel method to control system for generating multi-layer nested chaotic attractors is proposed.At first, a piecewise(PW) function, namely quadratic staircase function, is designed. Unlike pulse signals, each level-logic of this function is square constant, and it is easy to realize. Then, by introducing the PW functions to a modified Chua's system with cubic nonlinear terms, the system can generate multi-layer nested Chua's attractors. The dynamical properties of the system are numerically investigated. Finally, the hardware implementation of the chaotic system is used FPGA chip.Experimental results show that theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are right. This chaotic oscillator consuming low power and utilization less resources is suitable for real applications.