高效液相色谱法同时测定新型香料毒品中的10种合成大麻素

建立了高效液相色谱法同时测定新型香料毒品中10种合成大麻素的分析方法。样品以甲醇提取,离心、过滤后,采用Shim-pack XR-ODS C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱分离,以甲醇-乙腈(50∶50)和水作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,柱温45℃,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长220 nm。结果表明,该方法可在33 min内实现对常见10种合成大麻素的完全分离和定量,在1~100 mg/L线性范围内,相关系数均为0.999 9,检出限为0.10~0.50 mg/L。加标回收率为98.2%~102.1%,日内相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.15%~1.37%,日间相对标准偏差为0.55%~1.96%。样本在室温放置96 h、-20℃放置15 d以及在室温和-20℃反复冻融3次条件下稳定性均良好。该方法准确、快速、灵敏、分离效果好,适用于新型香料毒品中常见合成大麻素成分的检测。     

QuEChERS结合超高效液相色谱－四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法同时测定全血中10种新型合成大麻素

建立了QuEChERS结合超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱（UPLC－QE－Orbitrap MS）同时测定全血中10种新型合成大麻素的分析方法。全血样本经优化的QuEChERS法提取后,采用Hypersil GOLDTM Vanquish色谱柱（100 mm × 2.1 mm,1.9 μm）,以0.1%甲酸水和0.1%甲酸乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离,在加热电喷雾离子源正离子/平行反应监测（HESI+/PRM）模式下同时进行检测。结果表明,10种目标物质在对应质量浓度范围内呈良好线性,相关系数（r2）均不小于0.999 0,检出限（LOD）为0.01 ~ 0.05 ng/mL,定量下限（LOQ）为0.05 ~ 0.20 ng/mL,回收率为92.1% ~ 115%,基质效应为86.6% ~ 115%,日内相对标准偏差（RSD）均不大于8.5%,日间RSD均不大于10%。该方法具有操作简便、选择性好,检测灵敏度及回收率高的特点,适用于法庭科学全血样本中合成大麻素的检验鉴定。     

基于HPLC-TOF/MS与HPLC-MS/MS的养心氏片主要成分研究

采用高效液相色谱-高分辨飞行时间质谱联用技术(HPLC-TOF/MS),建立了快速鉴定养心氏片化学成分的定性方法,并利用高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)对养心氏片的主要成分进行定量分析。HPLC-TOF/MS法以ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18(100 mm×3.0 mm,1.8μm)为色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%甲酸为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.2 mL·min~(-1),柱温30℃,质谱采用正、负离子扫描,可推断鉴定养心氏片中的30种成分。HPLC-MS/MS法采用Waters XBridgeBEH C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,2.5μm)为色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%甲酸为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速0.4 mL·min~(-1),柱温30℃,Scheduled MRM正负离子切换监测模式定量分析。对养心氏片中16种主要成分进行HPLC-MS/MS分析,16种成分的质量浓度与峰面积呈良好线性,相关系数r≥0.997,检出限为0.039 1~78.1μg/L,定量下限为0.156~312μg/L,平均加标回收率为96.8%~103.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.0%~3.5%。结果表明,该方法操作简便、结果准确、重复性好,可用于养心氏片中多组分的同时定性和定量分析,为养心氏产品的质量控制、药理研究和应用奠定了基础。     

QuEChERS/高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱法测定巧克力中的18种合成大麻素

建立了检测巧克力中18种合成大麻素的QuEChERS/高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱方法。通过优化提取溶剂种类、提取条件和净化条件，确定200.0 mg巧克力采用1 mL甲醇超声提取10 min，取上层清液加入0.05 g C₁₈和0.05 g PSA净化后，以乙腈和0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱，采用ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C₁₈(3.0 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱进行色谱分离，利用四极杆-飞行时间质谱检测。18种合成大麻素在11 min内实现了分离，5F-EMB-PICA与5F-MDMB-PICA同分异构体通过色谱保留时间和二级质谱碎片实现分辨；5F-EMB-PINACA与5F-ADB同分异构体通过二级质谱碎片实现分辨。18种合成大麻素在1～200μg/L范围内呈良好线性关系，相关系数均不小于0.997 0，检出限为0.02～0.20μg/L，定量下限为0.07～0.66μg/L，在50、100、150μg/kg加标水平下样品的回收率为86.2%～104%，仪器的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.040%...     

超高效液相色谱法同时测定电子烟油中的5种吲哚/吲唑酰胺类合成大麻素北大核心CSCD

合成大麻素是目前世界上滥用最多的新精神活性物质之一,其结构多变,更新迅速,目前已发展至新型第八代吲哚/吲唑酰胺类。近年来与吲哚/吲唑酰胺类合成大麻素相关的案件逐渐增多,在实际案件中对缴获物中合成大麻素的定量分析需求随之增多,但相应的检验鉴定技术仍处于发展阶段。本研究针对电子烟油中5种常见的吲哚/吲唑酰胺类合成大麻素,建立了超高效液相色谱法对其同时进行定量分析测定。实验对流动相的种类、洗脱梯度、柱温、检测波长等色谱条件进行了优化,再结合外标法定量,实现了对5种合成大麻素的定量分析。样品用甲醇提取,在Waters ACQUITY UPLC CSH C18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱上进行分离,柱温35℃,流速0.3 mL/min,进样量1μL,乙腈和超纯水作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长为290 nm和302 nm。结果表明,采用该方法,5种合成大麻素可在10 min内完全分离,在1~100 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r^(2))均可以达到0.9999,检出限为0.2 mg/L,定量限为0.6 mg/L,满足实际样品分析需求。采用1、10、100 mg/L 3个水平的5种合成大麻素混合标准溶液进行精密度试验,日内精密度(n=6)均小于1.5%,日间精密度(n=6)均小于2.2%。以空白电子烟油为基质样品,在2、10、50 mg/L 3个加标水平下进行加标回收试验,各待测物的平均加标回收率为95.5%~101.9%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.2%~1.5%,准确度为-4.5%~1.9%。本方法具有准确、快速、灵敏、分离效果好等优点,适用于电子烟油中5种吲哚/吲唑酰胺类合成大麻素的定量测定,可满足相关鉴定工作的要求,也可为具有相似结构的合成大麻素的液相色谱定量分析提供参考。     

UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定尿液中的6种苯丙胺类毒品

建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-质谱法(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)联用技术定量测定尿液中的6种苯丙胺类毒品。样品经Oasis HLB柱提取、纯化后,采用电喷雾离子源电离(ESI)、正离子多反应监测(MRM)模式质谱进行定性和定量分析。6种苯丙胺类毒品分别在0.1~10 ng/m L,0.2~20 ng/m L和0.5~50 ng/m L范围线性良好,相关系数不低于0.9993,提取回收率高于85%,RSD小于10.0%。方法可用于尿液中痕量苯丙胺类毒品的分析。     

分析测试新成果(169~178)液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱联用分析毛发中6种合成大麻素

作为第三代毒品中重要的一类, 合成大麻素类新精神活性物质被当做大麻的替代品而滥用严重, 已经引起社会的广泛关注.基于液相色谱-质谱联用技术的优势与特点, 建立了毛发样品中JWH-073、MAM-2201、JWH-015、JWH-203、JWH-018、JWH-007等6种合成大麻素类新精神活性物质的液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱联用定性、定量分析方法.毛发样品经剪段、清洗后, 用甲醇超声提取, 进样分析, 6种目标化合物的质量浓度在3~200 ng/mg之间具有良好的线性关系, 相关系数大于0.990 1, 定量限小于3 ng/mg, 检出限小于1 ng/mg, 精密度小于9.99%, 提取回收率为90.69%~97.88%.建立的方法样品处理简便、检测灵敏度高、专属性强、重现性好, 可为打击新型毒品违法犯罪活动, 遏制新型毒品蔓延提供科学理论依据与技术支持, 具有重要的现实意义.     

超高效液相色谱法同时测定面膜中12种大麻素的含量

建立了一种同时测定面膜中12种大麻素类成分含量的超高效液相色谱（UPLC）分析方法。采用COSMOSIL(2.1ID×100 mm, 2.6μm)色谱柱,以0.1%甲酸-乙腈溶液（A）、 0.1%乙酸-水溶液（B）为流动相梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃,波长220 nm,进样量5μL。结果显示,12种大麻素浓度分别在0.4～40μg/mL范围内与峰面积呈线性关系（r>0.9993）,定量限（LOQ）均在0.68～1.63 mg/kg之间,平均加样回收率为77.6%～102.1%,相对标准偏差（RSD）≤4.6%。本方法适用于面膜中12种大麻素类成分的快速测定。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法同时测定"电子烟油"中9种吲唑类新型合成大麻素

针对“电子烟油”中的吲唑类新型合成大麻素物质,建立了气相色谱－质谱联用（GC－MS）分析方法。以地西泮为内标物,待测样本经甲醇提取后,采用HP－5MS色谱柱（30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm）,设置起始温度200 ℃（保持1 min）,以20 ℃/min升至260 ℃（保持1 min）,再以5 ℃/min升至300 ℃（保持10 min）的程序升温条件对9种吲唑类合成大麻素同时进行定性和内标法定量检测,并对目标物的质谱碎片碎裂方式进行解析。结果表明,9种目标物质在20 min内得到有效分离,并在1.0～100.0 μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数（r2）均大于0.997,检出限和定量下限分别为0.04～0.25 μg/mL和0.15 ~ 0.85 μg/mL;加标回收率为95.1%～104%,日内相对标准偏差（RSD）均小于4.6%,日间RSD均小于8.4%。该方法快速、准确,灵敏度高,适用于实际案件检验。     

合成大麻素类毒品情报分析：掺杂成分的监测

合成大麻素毒品蔓延趋势严峻,缴获毒品中的掺杂成分既包括生产过程中引入的掺杂物（如前驱体、中间体以及溶剂等）,又包括流通过程中引入的掺杂物（如稀释剂、食品添加剂等）。掺杂成分能体现出特异性的制贩毒路径,可以精细刻画作案手法。本文针对2021年收到的16份疑似合成大麻素类毒品样品,基于其中2种主要毒品成分MDMB-4en-PINACA和ADB-BUTINACA,进行掺杂成分的预判。使用气相色谱-质谱联用法,根据总离子流图确定9种掺杂成分,基于吲唑酰鎓离子（MW=145）确定17种掺杂成分;通过系统分析16份毒品样品的掺杂物,总结出一系列合成大麻素类毒品情报,为相关禁毒工作提供技术支撑。     

化“材”为“筑”

Chemistry is a central, practical and creative discipline. The development of chemistry plays an important role in the progress of science and society, as well as the improvement of the quality of human life. This paper introduces the chemical knowledge of stone, concrete, glass and other inorganic nonmetallic building materials by the anthropomorphically story. Taking nanomaterials as an example, the prospect of building materials development in the future is put forward.     

"Alpha"-, "beta"- and "delta"-anhydrodigitoxigenin

The syntheses of 3β-hydroxy-5β-carda-14, 20:22-dienolide (= «β»-anhydro-), 3β-hydroxy-5β-carda-8:14, 20:22-dienolide (= «α»-anhydro-) and «δ»-anhydro-digitoxigenin (= probably 3β-hydroxy-5β, 14β-carda-8, 20:22-dienolide) by the best ways known to date, have been described. «δ»-Anhydro-digitoxigenin represents the thermodynamically most stable isomer. In this isomer the double bond in position 8 is unaffected by hydrogenation with Pt in acetic acid; with perbenzoic acid an epoxide results from which, on hydrogenation, the double bond can be regenerated in its original position. Analogous reactions are known to occur in the 8:14-epoxides.     

Making "wheels" and "cubes" from triangles

[Mn(IV)Mn(II)3] triangular units directed by the presence of tripodal alcohols self-assemble in the presence of azide and acetate ligands to form either a [Mn24] "wheel" or a [Mn32] "cube".     

"Turn-on" fluorescent sensing with "reactive" probes

Chemical probes are valuable tools for the investigation of biochemical processes, diagnosis of disease markers, detection of hazardous compounds, and other purposes. Therefore, the development of chemical probes continues to grow through various approaches with different disciplines and design strategies. Fluorescent probes have received much attention because they are sensitive and easy-to-operate, in general. To realize desired selectivity toward a given analyte, the recognition site of a fluorescent probe is designed in such a way to maximize the binding interactions, usually through weak molecular forces such as hydrogen bonding, toward the analyte over other competing ones. In addition to such a supramolecular approach, the development of fluorescent probes that sense analytes through chemical reactions has witnessed its usefulness for achieving high selectivity, in many cases, superior to that obtainable by the supramolecular approach. Creative incorporations of the reactive groups to latent fluorophores have provided novel chemical probes for various analytes. In this feature article, we overview the recent progress in the development of turn-on fluorescent probes that are operating through chemical reactions triggered by target analytes. Various chemical reactions have been implemented in the development of many reactive probes with very high selectivity and sensitivity toward target analytes. A major emphasis has been focused on the type of chemical reactions utilized, with the hope that further explorations can be made with new chemical reactions to develop reactive probes useful for various applications.     

"Clickable" polymersomes

Polymersomes, composed of amphiphilic polystyrene-block-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA), with the periphery being covered with azide groups, were used for further functionalization using "click" chemistry.     

"Decoking" of a "coked" zeolite catalyst in a glow discharge

'Decoking' of a 'coked' zeolite catalyst in a glow discharge in oxygen is investigated. The 'decoking' process involves reactions of atomic oxygen (O atoms) with 'coke' and yields gases such as CO, CO₂ as well as other gaseous products that could be easily pumped out.Three different modes of discharge were investigated including a static mode, a flowing-gas mode, and a periodic-purge mode where the oxygen and other gaseous products of the discharge were replaced by fresh O₂ gas after short but regular intervals of time. In some cases, additional heating was also used to provide base temperatures of the order of 100 °C to facilitate penetration of oxygen atoms into the inner layers and cages of the zeolite catalyst.This paper presents some results of spectroscopic analytical techniques used to monitor the atomization of oxygen, oxidation of 'coke', and to confirm the process of 'decoking'. More specifically, radiation emission on the 3 s ⁵S– 3p ⁵P transitions of O around 777.2–777.5 nm were selected for monitoring the atomization of O₂. On the other hand, X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to determine the amount of residual carbon and extent of 'decoking'. Furthermore, evolution of CO and CO₂ gases as a function of time was systematically monitored in real time. For CO, the 451.1 nm band head belonging to the B¹ - A¹ bands of the Angstrom system of the CO spectrum was used, while for CO₂, the band head at 353.4 nm belonging to the CO₂⁺ spectrum was used. The rates of evolution of CO and CO₂ were related to the rate of 'decoking' of the catalyst. It is noted that in the periodic-purge mode, about 63% of the total yield of CO from a given sample of the catalyst appears in the first 3-min exposure to discharge whereas it takes up to 15 min to remove nearly 94% of the removable carbon under our experimental conditions.