层状钨基氧化物复合材料的合成与电子特性

W₂O₆·H₂O /一元烷基胺复合物[(C_nH_2n+1NH₂，n=4、8、12、16)嵌入层状氧化钨W₂O₆·H₂O] 的XRD、IR、TG-DSC分析表明：烷基胺C_nH_2n+1NH₂能基于质子加合的机制嵌入W₂O₆·H₂O层间，且插层复合物之间烷基胺的插入与抽出是个可逆过程；烷基胺嵌入层间后以全反式构象双层排布，层间距d随烷基胺碳原子数的增加而线性增长，烷基链与层板的夹角为71.6°。插层复合物UV-Vis分析发现，各种复合物的禁带宽度相对半导体氧化钨的禁带宽度变宽了很多，这表明可以通过嵌入不同的物质来调节氧化钨层与层之间的电子传递能力。     

从P-Mo(Ⅴ)杂多化合物合成多形貌Al13基钼酸盐晶体

以H₃PMo₁₂O₄0·nH₂O、H₄PMo₁₁VO₄₀·nH₂O和(NH₄)₆P₂Mo₁₈O₆₂·nH₂O 3种杂多化合物为钼源，采用直接混合后陈化的方法合成了多形貌Al₁₃基钼酸盐晶体，相应Al₁₃基钼酸盐晶体的形貌和尺寸分别是斜方三棱柱形(80 μm × 30 μm)、星形(30 μm × 10 μm)和叶片形(500 μm × 150 μm)。粉末X射线衍射结果表明这3种多形貌Al₁₃基钼酸盐晶体结晶较好，在2θ为6.65°、8.00°和14.16°处都有强而尖锐的衍射峰。而以Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O为钼源时只能制得无定形簇合物。根据ICP、FTIR和TG/DTG结果给出多形貌的Al₁₃基钼酸盐晶体的化学简式为Na[AlO₄Al₁₂(OH)₂₄(H₂O)₁₂][MoO₄]₄·8H₂O。初步探讨了Al₁₃基钼酸盐晶体的形成机理。     

Keggin类杂多化合物催化环氧化环戊烯的谱学研究

报道了一系列Keggin 类杂多化合物与H₂O₂ (30%)催化氧化环戊烯. 其中两缺位的 [γ-SiW₁₀(H₂O)₂O₃₄](Bu₄N)₄ 的催化活性最好, 环戊烯转化率为90%, 环戊烯环氧化物的选择性为98%. 反应前后的UV-vis, FT-IR分析表明, 反应后催化剂的结构保持, 没有发生降解. 在以磷为中心原子的磷系Keggin 杂多酸复合溴代十六烷基吡啶中, 钼钨混合型的催化活性优于钨磷酸(H₃PW₁₂O₄₀•mH₂O)和钼磷酸(H₃PMo₁₂O₄₀•mH₂O)的. 而在十一种钼钨混合型的含磷杂多化合物H₃PMo_12－nW_nO₄₀•mH₂O中, 当n＝6时的H₃PMo₆W₆O₄₀•mH₂O显示出了最好的活性. 我们采用UV-vis, FT-IR and ³¹P NMR 等谱学方法表征了新鲜的催化剂和处于反应状态下的催化剂. 发现在反应条件H₂O₂ (30%)的量是催化剂的50倍时, H₃PMo₆W₆O₄₀•mH₂O全部降解成数种含磷的物种, 这些含磷物种可能包含反应中最具催化活性的物种. 而在此条件时, 发现H₃PW₁₂O₄₀•mH₂O降解得很少, 只有一种磷钨氧物种生成, 但不是Venturello-Ishii催化体系中的活性物种{PO₄[WO(O₂)₂]₄}^3－.     

双杂原子Ti-V-β沸石的合成、表征及催化性能研究

以白炭黑(二氧化硅)为硅源、四乙基氢氧化铵为模板剂、硫酸钛为钛源、偏钒酸铵为钒源、氟化钠为矿化剂,采用水热法合成了Ti-V-β沸石。探讨了合成条件对Ti-V-β沸石形成的影响。运用XRD、IR、UV-Vis固体漫反射光谱、TG/DTA、SEM+EDS和ICP等测试技术对样品进行了表征并测定了样品中Ti和V的含量。结果表明,按下列化学组成配制初始反应混合物：n(SiO₂)∶n(V₂O₅)∶n(TiO₂)∶n[(TEA)₂O]∶n(H₂O)∶n(NaF)=60∶(0.05～1.2)∶(0.1～2.4)∶(12～18)∶(450～720)∶(4～14),可制备出Ti-V-β沸石,Ti和V原子进入了沸石骨架。对样品在以H₂O₂为氧化剂氧化苯乙烯反应中的催化活性作了初步考察,结果表明,Ti-V-β沸石具有很高的催化活性,在下列反应条件下：v(H₂O₂)/v(ph CH=CH₂)=2.6,V(acetone)/v(phCH=CH₂)=10,m(cat)/v(phCH=CH₂)=0.003 g·mL^-1,T=80 ℃,t=6 h,苯乙烯的转化率98.16%。产品的选择性为：苯甲醛68.15%,苯乙醛23.35%,苯乙酮6.61%。     

过氧铌钨酸钾的制备和晶体结构

合成的标题化合物K₈H₄Nb₄W₈O₃₆(O₂)₄·18H₂O晶体属立方晶系,Pm3-m空间群,晶胞参数a=1.064(1) nm, Z=1,阴离子骨架呈一种高对称的全新十二聚构型。钾离子无序分布在靠近对称中心的4个相关位置。     

Dawson结构(NH4)6P2Mo18O62·12H2O纳米粉体的室温固相合成及形成机理

以H₆P₂Mo₁₈O₆₂·23H₂O和(NH₄)₂C₂O₄·H₂O为原料，首次采用室温固相反应合成出(NH₄)₆P₂Mo₁₈O₆₂·12H₂O纳米粉体，并运用元素分析、FTIR、XRD、TEM、TG-DTA和BET等技术对其组成、结构和性能进行了表征。发现(NH₄)₆P₂Mo₁₈O₆₂·12H₂O纳米粉体平均粒径为40 nm，保留着杂多阴离子的Dawson结构，具有Dawson结构的特征衍射峰，比表面积为143.9 m²·g^-1，在445 ℃以下杂多阴离子有良好的热稳定性。在该固相反应中，研磨和放热反应热能可加速反应物分子的扩散速率和生成物分子的成核速率，使产物粒径减小；反应物含有结晶水和生成物H₂C₂O₄·2H₂O对形成小粒径的(NH₄)₆P₂Mo₁₈O₆₂·12H₂O纳米粉体起关键作用。     

o-ZrW1.6Mo0.4O8·H2O正交相的合成与表征

The precursor ZrW_1.6Mo_0.4O₇(OH)₂(H₂O)₂ was characterized by IR and XRD methods. δ′-ZrW_1.6Mo_0.4O₈ was prepared by careful controlling the annealing conditions from the precursor and was determined to have the formula as o-ZrW_1.6Mo_0.4O₈·H₂O by TG-DSC, IR, and XRD methods. The relation between o-ZrW_1.6Mo_0.4O₈·H₂O and o-ZrW_1.6Mo_0.4O₈ was discussed through variable temperature XRD patterns. Further more, the mechanism of the precursor dehydration was suggested.     

3，3′-偶氮-二(6-羟基苯甲酸)镉和钴的配合物：[Cd(OSA)(Phen)(H2O)]n和[Co(OSA)(Phen)(H2O)]n的合成、表征及晶体结构

利用药物奥沙拉秦钠，邻菲罗啉与Cd(ClO₄)₂·6H₂O或Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O水热反应分别得到其配合物的晶体[Cd(OSA)(Phen)(H₂O)]_n (1)(OSA=3，3′-偶氮-二(6-羟基苯甲酸))和[Co(OSA)(Phen)(H₂O)]_n (2)。单晶结构分析表明两化合物均为一维链状聚合结构，两者的晶体的空间群皆为C2/c。两化合物中，中心金属的配位几何构型均为五配位的五角双锥。3，3′-偶氮-二(6-羟基苯甲酸)通过羧基桥连金属离子形成一维链状聚合物结构。     

Al3+掺杂对Li2FeSiO4结构和电化学性能影响的研究

以CH₃COOLi·2H₂O、C₆H₈O₇·H₂O、FeC₆H₅O₇·5H₂O、Al₂(SO₄)₃·18H₂O和C₈H₂₀O₄Si为起始原料,采用水热辅助溶胶凝胶法及二次煅烧合成了Li₂Fe_1-xAl_xSiO₄/C(x=0.00、0.01、0.03、0.05)正极材料。用IR、XRD、FE-SEM、EDS等方法对材料的晶体结构进行了表征,用ZetaPAL粒度分析仪测量了其粒径分布范围,用SQUID(超导量子干涉仪)测定了样品的磁性,用恒流充/放电对其电化学性能进行了测试。结果表明：n_乙酸锂∶n_柠檬酸=4∶1、掺Al³⁺量为3%,80 ℃回流24 h,350 ℃恒温煅烧5 h,700 ℃恒温13 h,所得试样颗粒集中分布在150 nm左右且未出现团聚。在0.1C(16 mA·g^-1)、0.2C、0.5C下的首次放电比容量为127 mAh·g^-1、103.6 mAh·g^-1和91 mAh·g^-1,15次循环后无明显衰减,具有很好的循环稳定性。     

基于半刚性配体的柔性超微孔金属有机骨架的合成及其尺度选择性二氧化碳捕获

基于半刚性的配体3'',5''-di (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-(1,1''-biphenyl)-3,5-dicarboxylic acid (H₂DTBDA)和硝酸钴制备了一个柔性超微孔的金属有机骨架{[Co (DTBDA)]·4H₂O}_n(FJI-H35),并对该材料的结构进行了系统的表征。FJI-H35活化以后可以发生自适应的结构转变,使得孔径从0.43 nm收缩到0.37 nm。气体吸附测试表明FJI-H35可以从氮气和甲烷中选择性捕获二氧化碳,具有很高的吸附选择性和相对低的吸附焓。突破实验进一步证实FJI-H35可以从二氧化碳/氮气(15∶85,V/V)和二氧化碳/甲烷(50∶50,V/V)混合气中高效选择性捕获二氧化碳。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.