两个埃博霉素生物合成中间体修饰化合物的合成

为了使用前体定向生物合成技术研究埃博霉素的生物合成过程并对其进行分子改造, 选定了两个中间体修饰化合物2-甲基噻唑-4-羧酸2-乙酰氨基乙硫基硫酯和(E)-2-甲基-3-(2-甲基噻唑-4-基)丙烯酸2-乙酰氨基乙硫基硫酯进行了化学全合成的研究. 合成方法比已有的合成方法更易操作, 经济性更好. 所有化合物经红外光谱、质谱、核磁共振谱及元素分析确证了结构.     

3-烃硫基-4-甲基-N-(二乙氨基乙基)苯胺类化合物的制备

3-烃硫基-4-甲基乙酰苯胺,1-氯-2-二乙氨基乙烷与粉末氢氧化钾在丙酮中作用,不经分离3-烃硫基-4-甲基-N-(二乙氨基乙基)-N-乙酰苯胺类化合物,而直接用盐酸水解得3-烃硫基-4-甲基-N-(二乙氨基乙基)苯胺类化合物六种,但3-丙烯硫基-4-甲基-N-(二乙氨基乙基)苯胺应用此法制备未获成功,继改用3-丙烯硫基-4-甲基苯胺与1-氯-2-二乙氨基乙烷作用制得。     

嘧啶的研究:氯和硫醇嘧啶类的作用:4-甲基-5-正丙基-6-氨基-2-氧嘧啶的合成

1. 2-乙硫基-4-甲基-5-正丙基-6-氯代嘧啶在甲醇溶液与甲醇钠相互作用,和在乙醇溶液与乙醇钠互相作用,分别得到相应的嘧啶-甲醚及嘧啶-乙醚。2. 氯对2-乙硫基-4-甲基-5-正丙基-6-氯代嘧啶,2-乙硫基-4-甲基-5-正丙基-6-甲氧基嘧啶及2-乙硫基-4-甲基-5-正丙基-6-乙氧基嘧啶起作用,得到相应的嘧啶砜,用氯在水溶液中氧化硫醇嘧啶化合物(Ⅰ),此反应是特殊的,对嘧啶环中的双键没有影响,祇有硫醇基团氧化而得到相应的稳定的嘧啶砜(Ⅱ)。3. 将醇氨与2-乙磺醯基-4-甲基-5-正丙基-6-氯代嘧啶作用时,对于2-位上的磺醯基不起反应,取代于6-位的氯被置换为氨基而得到2-乙磺醯基-4-甲基-5-正丙基-6-氨基嘧啶。4. 硷对2-乙磺醯基-4-甲基-5-正丙基-6-乙氧基嘧啶及2-乙磺醯基-4-甲基-5-正丙基-6-甲氧基嘧啶作用,分别得到2-氧代-4-甲基-5-正丙基-6-乙氧基嘧啶及2-氧代-4-甲基-5一正丙基-6-甲氧基嘧啶,因此,嘧啶砜中在2-位的磺醯基与硷反应时被置换为羟基,而取代于6-位的乙氧基和甲氧基则不起反应。5. 叙述了一种合成2-氧代-4-甲基-5-正丙基-6-氨基嘧啶(或1,2-二氢化-2-酮-4-氨基-5-正丙基-6-甲基嘧啶)的新方法。     

新型1,3,4-噻二唑并[3,2-a]嘧啶酮类介离子衍生物的合成及其生物活性

以三氟苯嘧啶为先导化合物,设计并合成了一系列结构新颖的1,3,4-噻二唑并[3,2-a]嘧啶酮类介离子衍生物.利用~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR,~(19)F NMR和HRMS对其进行结构表征.初步生物活性表明,多数化合物在100μg/mL浓度下表现出一定的杀虫活性,其中2-((4-溴苄基)硫基)-8-((2-氯噻唑-5-基)甲基)-5-氧代-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-5H-[1,3,4]噻二唑并[3,2-a]嘧啶-8-鎓-7-盐(8b)和2-(((2-氯噻唑-5-基)甲基)硫基)-8-((2-氯噻唑-5-基)甲基)-5-氧代-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-5H-[1,3,4]噻二唑并[3,2-a]嘧啶-8-鎓-7-盐(8d)对白背飞虱(white-backed planthopper,WBPH)的致死率均为70%;此外,部分化合物在浓度为50μg/m L时对水稻白叶枯病菌(Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae,Xoo),水稻细菌性条斑病菌(Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola,Xoc)和柑橘溃疡病菌(Xanthomonas citri pv.citri,Xcc)表现出较好的抑抗菌性,其中2-((2-(三氟甲基)苄基)硫基)-8-((2-氯噻唑-5-基)甲基)-5-氧代-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-5H-[1,3,4]噻二唑并[3,2-a]嘧啶-8-鎓-7-盐(8h)对水稻白叶枯病菌和水稻细菌性条斑病菌的抑制率分别为70.91%和53.34%,均优于对照药剂三氟苯嘧啶(42.85%和51.22%)、噻菌铜(47.76%和23.25%)和叶枯唑(66.97%和17.24%);2-((3-(三氟甲基)苄基)硫基)-8-((2-氯噻唑-5-基)甲基)-5-氧代-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-5H-[1,3,4]噻二唑并[3,2-a]嘧啶-8-鎓-7-盐(8e)对柑橘溃疡病菌的抑制率为68.97%,优于噻菌铜(35.85%)和叶枯唑(37.53%).     

新型Bluco类β-内酰胺酶分子探针的合成

以2-氰基-6-羟基苯并噻唑为原料,与溴乙醛缩二乙醇缩合制得缩醛后再水解合成中间体6-(2-羰乙基)苯并[d]噻唑-2-甲腈(2);7-苯乙酰氨基-3-氯甲基头孢菌烷酸二苯甲酯依次经碘代和Wittig反应得(Z)-3-[3-(2-氰基苯并[d]噻唑-6-氧)丙-1-烯]-8-羰基-7-(2-苯乙酰氨基)-5-噻-1-氮[4.2.0]辛-2-烯-2-甲酸二苯甲酯(5);5经脱保护、缩合和氧化反应合成了3个新的Bluco类似物,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。     

噻唑的研究II.2-γ-氨基-丙基-4-二乙氨基-甲基-噻唑的合成

(一)4-溴代-丁腈與苯隣二羧醯-鉀亞胺在乙醇中互相作用卽得4-(苯隣二羧醯-亞氨基)-丁腈。 (二)4-(苯隣二羧醯-亞氨基)-丁腈與硫化氫起作用卽得4-(苯隣二羧醯-亞氨基)-丁硫醯胺。 (三)4-(苯隣二羧醯-亞氨基)-丁硫醯胺與1,3-二氯代丙酮縮合則成2-(γ-苯隣二羧醯-亞氨基)-正丙基-4-氯代-甲基-噻唑。 (四)2-(γ-苯隣二羧醯-亞氨基)-正丙基-4-氯代-甲基-噻唑與二乙胺起作用卽成2-(γ-苯隣二羧醯-亞氨基)-正丙基-4-N-二乙氨基-甲基-噻唑。後者與聯氨水合物起作用形成2-γ-氨基-正丙基-4-N-二乙氨基-甲基-噻唑。     

新型含咔唑环和芳环/芳稠杂环的N-酰腙衍生物的合成及蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(PTP1B)抑制活性评价

为寻找高效、低毒的新型蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(PTP1B)抑制剂,设计并合成出了一系列新型含咔唑环和芳环/芳稠杂环的N-酰腙衍生物6～8和11.利用IR、1H NMR、13C NMR和2D NMR(包括1H-1H COSY和NOESY)谱及元素分析确定了其结构和构型.评价了目标化合物对PTP1B的抑制活性.实验结果表明,目标化合物对PTP1B均有较强的抑制活性,除了化合物N'-[9-(2-氯噻唑-5-甲基)咔唑-3-亚甲基]-2-苯氨基乙酰肼(6a)、N'-[9-(2-氯噻唑-5-甲基)咔唑-3-亚甲基]-2-(4-甲基苯氨基)乙酰肼(6b)、N'-[9-(2-氯噻唑-5-甲基)咔唑-3-亚甲基]-2-(3-硝基苯氨基)乙酰肼(6g)和N'-[9-(2-氯噻唑-5-甲基)咔唑-3-亚甲基]-2-(4-硝基苯氨基)乙酰肼(6h)外,其它化合物的活性均高于阳性对照药物齐墩果酸,其中N,N'-[(9-丁基咔唑基)-3,6-二亚甲基]-2,2'-[二(4-硝基苯氨基)]双乙酰肼(11b)的活性最高,IC50=(0.89±0.06)μmol/L.利用分子对接分别研究了代表目标化合物N'-[9-(2-氯噻唑-5-甲基)咔唑-3-亚甲基]-2-(4-溴苯氨基)乙酰肼(6d)、N'-[9-(2-氯噻唑-5-甲基)咔唑-3-亚甲基]-2-((2-(1-萘氧基)甲基)苯并咪唑-1-基)乙酰肼(7f)和11b与PTP1B酶的结合模式.     

新型1,2,4-三唑[3,4-b]-1,3,4-噻二嗪的合成及表征

以3-(2-苯基-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-4-氨基-5-巯基-1,2,4-三唑(1)为原料分别与ω-溴代芳基乙酮、ω-溴代-ω-(1H-1,2,4-三 唑-1-基)芳基乙酮反应, 合成了一系列新的1,2,4-三唑[3,4-b]-1,3,4-噻二嗪类化合物2a～2e和3a～3e. 其结构经IR, ¹H NMR和MS及元素分析确证.     

2-(1-苯基-1H-四唑-5-硫基)-N-芳基乙酰胺的合成及其生物活性研究

采用微波法通过2-氯乙酰芳胺与1-苯基-1H-四唑-5-硫醇反应合成了一系列2-(1-苯基-1H-四唑-5-硫基)-N-芳基乙酰胺. 其结构经 IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR 和元素分析表征. 生物活性实验结果表明, 该类化合物在较低浓度下对油菜籽和小麦的生长表现出良好的促进作用.     

3,4-二氫化雜二氮[1,3]萘-酮-[4]Ⅰ.3-(ω)-二烷氨基-烷基)-3,4-二氫化雜二氮[1,3]萘-酮-[4]的合成

隣氨基苯甲酸与N-(β-二乙氨基-乙基)-甲酰胺或N-(δ-二乙氨基-α-甲基-正丁基)甲酰胺缩合,分别形成3-(β-二乙氨基-乙基)3,4-二氢化杂二氮[1,3]萘-酮-[4]与3-(δ-二乙氨基-α-甲基-正丁基)3,4-二氢化杂二氮[1,3]萘-酮-[4]。 5-氯代-隣位氨基苯甲酸舆N-(β-二乙氨基-乙基)-甲酰胺或N-(δ-二乙氨基-α-甲基-正丁基)-甲酰胺缩合,分别形成6-氯代-3-β-二乙氨基-乙基-3,4-二氢化杂二氮[1,3]-萘酮-[4]及6-氯代-3-(δ-二乙氨基-α-甲基-正丁基)-3,4-二氢化杂二氮[1,3]萘酮-[4]。     

Polyfluoroalkylation of 2-aminothiazoles

An efficient, highly selective method for polyfluoroalkylation of 2-aminothiazole derivatives was described. Interestingly, a defluorinated reductive 2-aminothiazole derivative was obtained in moderate yields when 2-aminothiazole was reacted with (CF₃)₂CFI.     

SPIONs as a nanomagnetic catalyst for the synthesis and anti-microbial activity of 2-aminothiazoles derivatives

A series of aminothiazole derivatives have been synthesized by using ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) nanomagnetic catalysis, which were prepared by reducing the Fe(II) and Fe(III) precursors using aqueous ammonia then characterized by the XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM. The 2-aminothiazole derivatives were obtained by coupling 2-aminothiazole diazonium salt with active methylene compounds then cyclization with hydrazine hydrate to afford pyrazolyl derivatives. The one-pot reaction of 2-aminothiazole with an aromatic aldehydes in the presence of Fe₃O₄ NPs to give Schiff bases derivatives. An efficient protocol is developed proudest yields and reduction reaction time and easy separation. Therefore, all synthesized compounds were evaluated for anti-microbial activity.     

Spectral investigations of the tautomeric equilibria of thioacyl derivatives of 2-aminothiazole and 2-aminobenzothiazole

The positions of the tautomeric equilibria for a number of thioacyl derivatives of 2-aminothiazole and 2-aminobenzothiazole were determined by UV and IR spectroscopy with the use of model compounds. Quantum-chemical calculations by the CNDO/2 method were made for some of the acyl and thioacyl derivatives of 2-aminothiazole and 2-iminothiazole.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 410–417, March, 1988.     

Inhibitory Effect of 2-Aminothiazole Derivatives in Oxidation Reactions

The kinetics and mechanism of inhibitory effect of 2-aminothiazole derivatives in the radical-initiated oxidation of cumene were studied.     

Ring nitrogen functionalization of 2-aminothiazol-4-acetic acid derivatives. I. Synthesis and properties of novel 2-aminothiazole N-oxides

Cyclization of thiocyanomethylketone oximes with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and oxidation of 2-aminothiazole derivatives with peracids are shown to afford the same products, which can be formulated either as 2-imino-3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrothiazolines or 2-aminothiazole N-oxides. Compounds of this type bearing at position 4 an acetic or α-oxyiminoacetic residue are useful synthons for highly active β-lactam antibiotics; the problems connected with their preparation in a suitably protected form are examined. Scope and limitations of this previously unreported oxidation of the thiazole nucleus are discussed. All the products show limited stability in alkaline media: the 4-acetic derivatives, in addition, undergo a transposition to afford 4-methylidenethiazolidines. Possible types of isomerism and tautomerism are discussed in the light of the acquired spectral data. The uv and ir spectra of the compounds synthesized lend support to their formulation as 2-aminothiazole N-oxides.     

Biocidal and Anticorrosive Effect of 2-Aminothiazole Derivatives Used as Additives to Jet Fuels

The effect of 2-aminothiazole derivatives on the biological resistance and corrosion activity of jet fuels was studied under conditions of water condensation.     

Synthesis of fused pyrimidone derivatives of 4-pyrones from the acetates of Baylis–Hillman adducts

A series of fused pyrimidone derivatives of 4-pyrones was synthesized by conversion of the acetates of Baylis−Hillman adducts obtained from 2-formyl-4-pyrones with 2-aminopyridine and 2-aminothiazole.     

Studies on Azolylacetonitriles: The Reactivity of Thiazole-2-yl,Thiadiazol-2-yl Acetonitriles Toward Electrophilic Reagents

5-Acetyl-2-cyanomethyl-4-methylthiazole, 2-aminothiazole, and 5-N-benzoylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl-acetonitrile react with acetone, and malononitrile derivatives in the presence of sulfur to yield the corresponding thiophene derivatives. Also, 4-furylmethylene-2-phenyl-2-oxazolin-5-ones react with thiophenol, and/or thionaphthol to give the thiolester derivatives in one-pot synthesis. The structures of the products were based on IR, 1 H NMR, and elemental analysis.     

A novel and efficient amidation of 2-aminothiazole

A facile and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of novel thiazolyl carboxamide derivatives by direct reaction of the corresponding esters and 2-aminothiazole. Treatment of 2-aminothiozole with various carboxylic esters in the presence of t-butylmagnesium chloride provides the biologically significant thiazolyl carboxamide derivatives in good to excellent yields.     

Novel one-step method for the conversion of isothiocyanates to 2-alkyl(aryl)aminothiazoles

2-Aminothiazole derivatives are widely used structural motifs in medicinal chemistry due to their broad application in drug development. Herein we demonstrate a novel one-step method for the synthesis of 2-aminothiazole derivatives from the corresponding isothiocyanates via thiourea formation followed by cycloisomerisation in an intramolecular thia-Michael fashion. This method is very mild, simple and highly efficient and versatile enough to accommodate various amino substitutions at the C2 position of thiazoles. This methodology is equally well applicable to synthesise various 2-substituted amino-5-thiazolylmethylphosphonate derivatives.