Pd（OAc）2／HQ／FePc催化环己烯氧化合成环己酮反应机理

在醋酸钯［Ｐｄ（ＯＡｃ）２］／氢醌（ＨＱ）／酞菁铁（ＦｅＰｃ）催化环己烯氧化合成环己酮反应中，应用ＸＰＳ、ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ，ＩＲ和循环伏安法考察了经剂各组分在反应前后存在状态，以及Ｐｄ（ＯＡｃ）２，Ｐｄ（ＯＡｃ）２／ＢＱ（苯醌）对环己烯的作用，ＦｅＰｃ对ＨＱ的催化氧化，讨论了Ｐｄ（ＯＡｃ）２／ＨＱ／ＦｅＰｃ催化环己烯氧化合成环己酮的作用机理。     

气相色谱法分析2，5-二叔丁基氢醌

摘要：由氢醌与叔丁醇反应制得抗氧化剂2,5-二叔丁基氢醌。采用OV-101弹性石英毛细管柱和火焰离子检测器,用气相色谱归一化法测定了2,5-二叔丁基氢醌,并分析了其中所含氢醌、叔丁基氢醌、叔丁基对苯醌和2,5-二叔丁基对苯醌等杂质。     

钯催化环己烯氧化合成环己酮

考察了由不同金属酞菁（ＭＰｃ，Ｍ＝Ｆｅ，Ｃｏ，Ｃｕ）氯代金属卟啉（ＭＴＰＰＣ．，Ｍ＝Ｆｅ，Ｃｒ，Ｍｎ）和Ｐｄ（ＯＡｃ）２（醋酸钯）／ＨＱ（氢醌）组成的催化体系对环己烯氧化成环己酮的催化活性。表明，在乙腈酸性水溶液中，Ｐｄ（ＯＡｃ）２／ＨＱ／ＦｅＰｃ催化体系对环己烯氧化合成环己酮显示出较高的催化活性，在３０ｍｉｎ内环己酮收率可达８４％，选择性＞９８％，研究了各种因素对体系催化活性的影响。     

D－HQADMB分光光度法测定微量镉（Ⅱ）

研究了新显色剂４，４’－二［（８－羟基喹啉）偶氮］－３，３’－二甲基联苯（Ｄ－ＨＱＡＤＭＢ）与Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）的显色反应条件。在吐温－８０存在下的ｐＨ７．８～９．０的缓冲介质中，Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）与Ｄ－ＨＱＡＤＭＢ形成稳定的红色配合物，组成比为Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）＋Ｄ－ＨＱＡＤＭＢ＝１＋２，λｍａｘ＝５３０ｎｍ，表观摩尔吸光系数为７．２０×１０４Ｌ／ｍｏｌ·ｃｍ，Ｃｄ量在０～１．３μｇ／ｍＬ范围内符合比耳定律。用制定的方法测定矿样中的微量镉，结果满意。     

Pd(OAc)_2/HQ/FePc、Pd(OAc)_2/FePc 催化烯烃氧化合成酮的研究

考察了在乙腈酸性水溶液中Ｐｄ（ＯＡｃ）２／氢醌（ＨＱ）／酞青铁（ＦｅＰｃ）和Ｐｄ（ＯＡｃ）２／ＦｅＰｃ对环己烯、环戊烯、苯乙烯、正癸烯氧化合成相应酮的催化活性．实验结果表明，两类催化体系对环戊烯的酮基化均呈现出较高的催化活性，环戊酮收率可达９８％．在其它烯烃的氧化反应中，三元催化体系Ｐｄ（ＯＡｃ）２／ＨＱ／ＦｅＰｃ的催化活性高于二元的Ｐｄ（ＯＡｃ）２／ＦｅＰｃ．这表明，在Ｗａｃｋｅｒ类催化体系中，电子传递体的作用是很重要的．对催化体系中各组分的作用进行了讨论，并给出了可能的催化作用机理．     

高效液相色谱法快速测定食品中抗氧化剂BHA,BHT

采用甲醇浸提食品样品中抗氧化剂ＢＨＡ（叔丁基羟基茴香醚）和ＢＨＴ（二叔丁基羟基甲苯），然后用高效液相色谱法测定提取液中的ＢＨＡ和ＢＨＴ。该法简单快速，准确性好，ＢＨＡ和ＢＨＴ的最小检出量分别为５ｎｇ和１０ｎｇ。     

双醚二酐型聚醚酰亚胺的透气性能与分子结构之间关系的研究Ⅰ

合成了一系列双醚二酐型聚醚酰亚胺（ＰＥＩ），研究了它们对Ｈ２、ＣＯ２、Ｏ２、Ｎ２和ＣＨ４五种气体的透过性能与分子结构的关系．结果表明，这类聚醚酰亚胺的分子结构对其透气性和透气选择性有很大的影响，聚合物的自由体积和链段活动性是控制透气性和透气选择性的主要因素。三种带有酰亚胺键邻位取代基的聚醚酰亚胺（ＨＱＤＥＡ—ＤＭｏＢＤＡ、ＨＱＤＥＡ—ＤＭＭＤＡ和ＨＱＤＥＡ—ＤＭｏＭＤＡ）具有较大的自由体积和较小的链段活动性、很高的透气性和透气选择性。     

碳笼烯的高分子化──苯乙烯－烯丙基胺共聚物与C_（60）的反应

碳笼烯的高分子化──苯乙烯－烯丙基胺共聚物与Ｃ＿（６０）的反应田慧洁，周锡煌，李福绵（北京大学化学系北京１００８７１）关键词碳笼烯的高分子化，Ｃ＿（６０），苯乙烯－烯两基胺共聚物碳笼烯（ｆｕｌｌｅｒｅｎｅ）是因其具有特殊的功能性质ｍ而颇受青睐的球簇分...     

同时测定食用植物油中抗氧剂叔丁基对羟基茴香醚和2，6－二叔丁基对甲酚的方法

报道了用高效液用色谱法同时测定食用植物油中的抗氧剂叔丁基对羟基茴香醚（ＢＨＡ）和２，６－二叔丁基对甲酚（ＢＨＴ）的实验方法。采用ＺｏｒｂａｘＯＤＳＣ_（１８）色谱住，甲醇：水（９０：１０，Ｖ／Ｖ）作流动相，检测波长为２４５ｎｍ，流速为１ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ。检测下限分别为１５ｎｇ（ＢＨＡ），９０ｎｇ（ＢＨＴ），回收率分别是９６．８％±９．８％（ＢＨＡ），９９．０％±３．２％（ＢＨＴ）。方法快速、准确，灵敏度高。     

氢醌单丙酸酯的改进合成

氢醌单丙酸酯的改进合成马美玲（西安地质学院应用化学系，西安７１００５４）邓月松谢明贵（四川大学化学系，成都６１００６４）关键词除色素剂氢醌单羧酸酯氢醌单丙酸酯中图分类号Ｏ６２５．３２３氢醌单脂肪酸酯是一类很好的皮肤去色素剂，其中尤以氢醌单丙酸酯为最佳...     

Determination of Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants in Vegetable Oil and Oil-Enriched Foods by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection

Three synthetic phenolic antioxidants, tertiary butyl hydroquinone, butylated hydroxytoluene, and butylated hydroxyanisole, were determined in vegetable oil and oil-enriched food by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. The separation was achieved using a reverse-phase column and gradient elution with methanol and 1% acetic acid. The limits of detection and quantification of the analytes were 2–120 lower, higher than those obtained by diode-array detection. The recoveries were 103.3% for tertiary butyl hydroquinone, 97.3% for butylated hydroxyanisole, and 95.2% for butylated hydroxytoluene. The results showed that HPLC with electrochemical detection is suitable for the quantification of low concentrations of phenolic antioxidants in vegetable oil and oil-enriched food with high sensitivity and accuracy.     

特丁基对苯二酚对生物柴油的抗氧化性能研究

生物柴油的氧化安定性是确保生物柴油品质的关键因素。本文采用欧盟标准(EN14214-2002),使用瑞士万通公司生产的873型生物柴油氧化安定性测定仪,采用在植物油抗氧化方面最常用、最有效的特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)对由地沟油、大豆油和棉籽油制成的生物柴油的抗氧化性进行了系统的定量研究。结果表明,当添加量大于0.6‰时,3种生物柴油抗氧化时间均超过国标规定的6h。TBHQ是一种理想的生物柴油抗氧化剂,对比另一种常用的抗氧化剂BHA(叔丁基对羟基茴香醚)抗氧化性能优势明显。     

t‐Butyl Hydroperoxide Oxidative Dealkylation of Hydroquinone Ethers to 1,4‐Quinones

Various organoselenium compounds (diselenides, benzisoselenazol‐3(2H)‐ones, and 1,3,2‐thiaselenazolones) are effective catalysts for oxidative dealkylation of hydroquinone ethers with t‐butyl hydroperoxide to 1,4‐quinones. The reactions is most efficient when t‐butyl hydroperoxide in the presence of poly(bis‐1,2‐phenyl) diselenide is used as an oxidizing agent. In this way 1,4‐benzo and 1,4‐naphthoquinones are produced in good to high yields.     

从叔醇制备叔硫醇

实验室中合成叔硫醇缺少简便方法。用叔醇和氢溴酸与硫脲直接反应是目前采用的方法。Lee和Akerstrom曾用此法合成了叔硫醇,但碳原子数没超过七个。Sprague及Kresze分别用干燥氯化氢及盐酸代替氢溴酸也合成了叔硫醇,但产率不高。本文提出了用叔醇、硫酸与硫脲反应来制备叔硫醇的方法,并合成了六个叔硫醇。     

FT-IR study of self-association of some hydroperoxides

Self-association of cumyl, tertiary butyl and 3-phenylmethyl hydroperoxides in solutions of n-decane, carbon tetrachloride and chlorobenzene were studied by IR spectroscopy (3100–3700 cm⁻¹, 293–353 K). The experimental data were interpreted by factor analysis and band contour resolution. The di- and trimerization constants and thermodynamic parameters of self-associates were determined. Intramolecular hydrogen bond of cumyl hydroperoxide was investigated. The conformations of tertiary butyl and cumyl hydroperoxides were studied. The solvent influence on the thermodynamic parameters of hydrogen bond was found.     

Reductive alkylation of p-benzoquinone using mixed organoboranes

Mixed organoboranes based on diphenyl- or dimethylalkylboranes transfer the alkyl group in the reductive alkylation of p-benzoquinone to form the alkylhydroquinones in very high yields. The auxiliary groups do not transfer or have a low migratory aptitude. Primary and secondary alkyl groups are transferred with retention of regio- and stereochemistry to the hydroquinone. O-Alkylation is the major product with tertiary and secondary groups with steric bulk in proximity to the site of attachment. The presence of metal salts, such as magnesium, results in reduction to the unsubstituted hydroquinone. This reaction makes the first practical route to alkylhydroquinones via organoboranes.     

Synthesis and photopolymerization of new dental monomers from o‐hydroxyaryl phosphonates

Novel aromatic mono‐ and diphosphonate monomers based on t‐butyl α‐bromomethacrylate were prepared for use in dental composites. The synthesis of the two monomers involved three steps: the reaction of diethyl phosphite with phenol or hydroquinone, the rearrangement of the resulting phosphate derivatives into o‐hydroxyaryl phosphonates with lithium diisopropylamide, and the reaction of o‐hydroxyaryl phosphonates with t‐butyl α‐bromomethacrylate. Then, the selective hydrolysis of the t‐butyl ester groups of the monomers with trifluoroacetic acid gave the other carboxylic acid containing monomers. The photopolymerization behaviors of the synthesized monomers with glycerol dimethacrylate and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate were investigated with photodifferential scanning calorimetry at 40 °C with 2,2′‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenyl acetophenone as the photoinitiator. The hydrolysis of the t‐butyl groups of the monomers increased the reactivity and the rates of polymerization of the monomers. The mixtures of the acid monomers showed rates of polymerizations similar to those of homopolymerizations of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and glycerol dimethacrylate. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 6775–6781, 2006     

The aminomethylation of some functional derivatives of furan

The aminomethylation of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols of the furan series and also of butyl pyromucate under the conditions of the Mannich reaction has given the corresponding aminomethylsubstituted compounds.     

Neutral Pd(II) and Ni(II) acetylide complexes as single‐component initiators for polymerizations of butyl methacrylate and acrylates

Homogeneous polymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA) using Pd(II)‐ and Ni(II)‐based acetylide complexes as single‐component initiators has been investigated in CHCl₃ at 60°C. M(PPh₃)₂(C = CR)₂ (M = Pd, Ni; R = Ph, CH₂OH, CH₂OOCCH₃) were found to be a novel type of effective initiators for the polymerization of butyl methacrylate. Among them, Pd(PPh₃)₂(C‐CPh)₂ (PPP) shows the highest activity. Besides, PPP alone can also initiate the homogeneous polymerizations of acrylates, e. g., methyl acrylate (MA), and n‐butyl acrylate (BA). The present type of polymerization is not hindered by the incorporation of hydroquinone.