用多维色谱—稳定同位素稀释质谱联用技术测定酒中氨基甲酸乙酯

建立了一个用多维色谱／质谱方法（ＧＣ／ＧＣ／ＭＳ），结合同位素稀释技术（ＩＤＭＳ），测量酒中致癌物质－氨基甲酸乙酯（ＥＣ）的准确方法，主要步骤如下：向精确称取的样品中，加入精确称取为，以＾１３Ｃ，＾１５Ｎ标记的氨基甲酸乙酯（ＬＥＣ）内标溶液，试样经调节，ｐＨ萃取，浓缩等化学前处理步骤后，进行ＧＣ／ＧＣ／ＣＩＭＳ测定。测量以ＧＣ／ＧＣ的中心切割技术排除复杂基体的干扰。以化学电离（ＣＩ）和选择性子检测     

Cr-AlN界面的二次离子质谱研究

采用电子束蒸发的方法在２００℃抛光的氮化铝（ＡｌＮ）陶瓷衬底上淀积２００ｎｍ的Ｃｒ膜，并在高真空中退火。利用ＭＣｓ＋－ＳＩＭＳ技术（在Ｃｓ＋一次离子轰击下检测ＭＣｓ＋型二次离子）对样品进行了深度剖析，给出了界面组分分布随退火温度与时间的变化关系。结果表明，ＭＣｓ＋－ＳＩＭＳ技术是研究金属－陶瓷界面扩散与反应的有效方法。     

有机锡化合物的电喷雾电离质谱

报道了一系列有机锡ＲＲＰ（Ｓ）ＳＳｎ（Ｃｙ）３化合物的电喷雾电离质谱（ＥＳＩ－ＭＳ）及碰撞诱导解离质谱（ＣＩＤ－ＭＳ）,总结了其谱图特征,讨论了其碎裂机理,为该类化合物的鉴定提供了依据。     

苯并硫杂冠醚的质谱研究

报道了两个苯并硫杂冠醚的电子电离质谱，利用高分辩质谱（ＨＲＭＳ）和碰撞活化－质量分析动能谱（ＣＡＤ－ＭＩＫＥ谱）研究了它们的离子碎裂途径。苯并硫杂冠醚含两个硫原子的碎片离子进一步断裂时以丢失Ｃ２Ｈ４Ｓ为特征。     

基体辅助激光解吸电离飞行时时质谱和热裂解色谱/质谱研究聚酯型聚氨酯链结构

聚酯型聚氨酯样品用基体辅助激光裂解离子化质谱（ＭＡＬＤＩ－ＴＯＦ／ＭＳ）和热裂解色谱质谱（ＰＹＧＣ／ＭＳ）方法进行了鉴定,ＰＹＧＣ／ＭＳ方法可检出ＰＵ的一些组成单元的化学结构,但ＰＹＧＣＩＭＳ中大多数的峰,无法从常规的标准化合物的质谱数据库中检索到,而ＭＡＬＤＩ－ＭＳ方法,可明确测出ＰＵ试样各种单元的组合、聚合度及ＰＵ长链的序列分布,质量数范围可达2300.     

甲基睾酮人体代谢物的选择反应监控检测法

采用ＧＣ／ＭＳ／ＭＳ的选择反应监控（ＳＲＭ）法检测尿中甲基睾酮的人体代谢物，与ＧＣ／ＭＳ的选择离子检测（ＳＩＭ）法比较，ＳＲＭ法有更高的选择性和确证能力。该种检测方法的建立，可以更有效地判定阳性尿。     

四卤合金属酸十八铵的X射线光电子能谱和质谱研究

利用Ｘ射线光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）、质谱（ＭＳ）方法分别研究了１５种四卤合金属酸十八铵化合物。通过ＸＰＳ讨论了这些化合物的金属、卤素、氮原子的核心结合能的化学位移。根据Ｐａｕｌｉｎｇ电负性讨论了这些数据和计算电荷的关系。讨论了配位体Ｘ（Ｃｌ、Ｂｒ、Ｉ）、中心离子Ｍ（Ｚｎ、Ｃｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｄ）和质子化十八胺Ｃ１８Ｈ３７ＮＨ＋３的关系。通过ＭＳ讨论了在电子轰击、化学电离条件下，四碘合钴酸十八铵、四氯合钴酸十八铵加热分解产生的Ｃ１８Ｈ３７ＮＨ＋３（ｍ／ｚ２７０）离子碰撞诱导解离谱（ＣＩＤＭＳ）。通过低碰撞能量范围（０～１０ｅＶ），多次碰撞条件下观察到的远电荷碎裂反应，得出该离子比直接由正十八胺质子化得到的离子具有较高的内能     

H2C（P（Ph）2AuX）2和HC（P（Ph）2AuX）3（X=I,CI）型配合物的…

根据配合物Ｈ２Ｃ（Ｐ（Ｐｈ）２ＡｕＸ）２（Ｘ＝Ｉ，Ｃｌ）和ＨＣ（Ｐ（Ｐｈ）２ＡｕＸ）３（Ｘ＝Ｉ，Ｃｌ）的晶体结构对它们进行了从头算研究，在ＭＰ２近似水平下得到绕Ｃ－Ｐ旋转所产生构象的势能曲线，从而揭示Ａｕ（Ｉ）－Ａｕ（Ｉ）相互作用，计算结果表明，在所研究的四个配合物中均存在Ａｕ（Ｉ）－Ａｕ（Ｉ）相互作用，该作用较弱，约为１０．０～１６．５ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，与Ｓｃｈｍｉｂａｕｒ的实验估计值和Ｐｙｙｋｋｏ     

有机显微组分的二次离子质谱研究

采用二次离子质谱技术（ＳＩＭＳ）对煤及源岩中不同成熟度的镜质体、丝质体、沥青和笔石进行了详细研究。结果表明不同显微组分具有不同的ＳＩＭＳ谱图，反映出其化学组成和结构的差异性，且ＣＨ２＾＋／ＣＨ３＾＋参数变化趋势可以用来评价有机组分的热演化规律。同时说明ＳＩＭＳ技术是有机显微组分化学成分和结构研究的有效手段。     

利用质谱—质谱法进行稠环芳烃化合物的结构解析

应用（ＥＩ）ＭＳ／ＭＳ法研究了吡啶并苯并蒽酮以及苯并苯并蒽酮类异构体的裂解方式及其与结构之间的相关性，探讨了不同异构体中由Ｍ＾ｉ＋产生的［Ｍ－Ｈ］＾＋、［Ｍ－ＨＣＮ］＾＋、［Ｍ－ＣＯＨ］＾＋、［Ｍ－ＣＯ］＾ｉ＋、［Ｍ－（ＣＯ＋２Ｈ）］＾ｉ＋以及［Ｍ－（ＣＯ＋ＨＣＮ）］＾ｉ＋（ｉ＝１，２）等１价及２价离子在ＭＳ／ＭＳ－ＣＩＤ谱上的强度差异和裂解方式，发现是否含有氮原子以及氮原子和苯环位置的差异，是支     

异环二取代二茂铁衍生物的合成

从芳基二茂铁的汞化产物中首次分离出四种异环二取代产物 1-氯汞基-1'-芳基二茂铁。1-氯汞基-1'-芳基二茂铁与碘作用得到四种相应的碘代产物。氯汞基二茂铁及1-氯汞基-1'-芳基二茂铁经[ClRh(CO)~2]~2 催化偶联反应制得联二茂铁和三种1'、1''-二芳基联二茂铁。以上化合物的组成与结构经元素分析、IR 和^1H NMR确证, 其中10种为新化合物。     

Fragmentation of carbohydrate anomeric alkoxy radicals: a new synthesis of chiral 1-halo-1-iodo alditols

Treatment of 1,2-fluorohydrins, 1,2-chlorohydrins, 1,2-bromohydrins, and 1,2-iodohydrins of the D-gluco, D-galacto, D-lacto, L-rhamno, D-allo, L-arabino, 3-deoxy-D-gluco, and 3,4-dideoxy-D-gluco families of carbohydrates with the (diacetoxyiodo)benzene/iodine system afforded 1-fluoro-1-iodo, 1-chloro-1-iodo, 1-bromo-1-iodo, and 1,1-diiodo alditols, respectively, in excellent yields. The reaction was achieved by radical fragmentation of the C1bond;C2 bond, triggered by the initially formed anomeric alkoxy radical, and subsequent trapping of the C2-radical by iodine atoms. This methodology is compatible with the stability of the protective groups most frequently used in carbohydrate chemistry. The potential utility of these 1-halo-1-iodo alditols as chiral synthons was evaluated by their transformation into alk-1-enyl iodides and in the Takai E-olefination reaction.     

Fermented Oyster Extract Attenuated Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy by Decreasing Oxidative Stress

It is well known that oxidative stress induces muscle atrophy, which decreases with the activation of Nrf2/HO-1. Fermented oyster extracts (FO), rich in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and lactate, have shown antioxidative effects. We evaluated whether FO decreased oxidative stress by upregulating Nrf2/HO-1 and whether it decreased NF-κB, leading to decreased IL-6 and TNF-α. Decreased oxidative stress led to the downregulation of Cbl-b ubiquitin ligase, which increased IGF-1 and decreased FoxO3, atrogin1, and Murf1, and eventually decreased muscle atrophy in dexamethasone (Dexa)-induced muscle atrophy animal model. For four weeks, mice were orally administered with FO, GABA, lactate, or GABA+Lactate, and then Dexa was subcutaneously injected for ten days. During Dexa injection period, FO, GABA, lactate, or GABA+Lactate were also administered, and grip strength test and muscle harvesting were performed on the day of the last Dexa injection. We compared the attenuation effect of FO with GABA, lactate, and GABA+lactate treatment. Nrf2 and HO-1 expressions were increased by Dexa but decreased by FO; SOD activity and glutathione levels were decreased by Dexa but increased by FO; NADPH oxidase activity was increased by Dexa but decreased by FO; NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α activities were increased by Dexa were decreased by FO; Cbl-b expression was increased by Dexa but restored by FO; IGF-1 expression was decreased by Dexa but increased by FO; FoxO3, Atrogin-1, and MuRF1 expressions were increased by Dexa but decreased by FO. The gastrocnemius thickness and weight were decreased by Dexa but increased by FO. The cross-sectional area of muscle fiber and grip strength were decreased by Dexa but increased by FO. In conclusion, FO decreased Dexa-induced oxidative stress through the upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1. Decreased oxidative stress led to decreased Cbl-b, FoxO3, atrogin1, and MuRF1, which attenuated muscle atrophy.     

抗菌肽SAMP1及其类似肽的构效关系

以人工合成抗菌肽1(Synthetic antimicrobial peptide 1, SAMP1)为研究模板, 采用氨基酸序列重排、 不同的带正电荷氨基酸残基和疏水性氨基酸残基取代等方法, 设计合成了8条SAMP1类似肽. 利用生物信息学软件预测了SAMP1及其类似肽的理化性质; 采用圆二色光谱(CD)技术测定其在不同环境下二级结构的变化; 采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法测定其抗菌活性; 通过红细胞溶血实验评估了这些多肽的溶血性. 结果表明, 大部分类似肽具有较低的溶血毒性和较高的广谱抗菌活性. CD光谱分析结果显示, 大部分类似肽二级结构以α螺旋和无规则卷曲为主, 在体积分数为50%的2,2,2-三氟乙醇(TFE)溶液中, α螺旋结构比例增加. 与母肽SAMP1相比, 经序列重排后得到的SAMP1-A1, SAMP1-A2和SAMP1-A3的抗菌活性变化不大, 但序列中正电荷氨基酸残基均匀分布的类似肽SAMP1-A2的溶血毒性增加. 用精氨酸(Arg)取代SAMP1序列中的赖氨酸(Lys)得到的类似肽SAMP1-A4的抗菌活性增强, 同时溶血毒性降低. 用疏水性较强的异亮氨酸(Ile)和缬氨酸(Val)取代SAMP1中的疏水性氨基酸残基, 得到的类似肽SAMP1-A5和SAMP1-A7的抗菌活性急剧降低; 用疏水性较弱的色氨酸(Trp)取代SAMP1中的疏水性氨基酸残基, 得到的类似肽SAMP1-A8的抗菌活性增强, 同时溶血毒性提高.     

(Z)-1-[2-(三苯基锡基)乙烯基]-1-茚满醇及其酯和卤代物的合成与表征

在氮气保护下,1-乙炔茚满醇与三苯基氢化锡进行游离基加成反应,获得加成物(Z)-1-[2-(三苯基锡基)乙烯基]-1-茚满醇(1);将加成物(1)与苯酐反应,得到新型邻苯二甲酸单酯有机锡衍生物(2);衍生物(2)分别与二丁基氧化锡和三苯基氧化锡进行脱水反应,分别获得两个新型邻苯二甲酸酯的有机锡衍生物(3)和(4).将加成物(1)与卤素反应后,与锡原子直接相连的苯基被取代,得到一卤代和二卤代物(5～10).通过元素分析、¹HNMR和IR等手段对化合物1～10进行了结构表征,确定了该类邻苯二甲酸单酯和邻苯二甲酸酯的有机锡衍生物的结构.并测定了加成物(1)和一溴代物(6)的晶体结构,在加成物(1)中,由于分子内存在较弱的O→Sn[0.2778(8)nm]配位作用,锡原子呈扭曲三角双锥构型.在一溴代物(6)分子中,存在分子内O→Sn[0.2364(2)nm]配位键,锡原子呈扭曲的三角双锥构型.该系列化合物分子内的O→Sn配位能力和Lewis酸性强弱的顺序为:二卤化物>一卤化物>加成物;氯代物>溴代物>碘代物>加成物.     

1-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-1-[(1S,4S)-1,7,7-三甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]肼的合成工艺改进

以3,5-二甲基苯胺和2-莰酮为起始原料,在微波促进下,经缩合反应制得N-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-1-(1S,4S)-1,7,7-三甲基二环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-亚胺(1);1经硼氢化钠还原后再与羟胺-O-磺酸经胺化反应合成了1-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-1-[(1S,4S)-1,7,7-三甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]肼,总收率70.4%,其结构经1H NMR和ESI-MS确证。     

Regulation of chicken protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 and human protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B activity by casein kinase II- and p56lck-mediated phosphorylation

Protein tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation are important in the regulation of cell proliferation and signaling cascade. In order to examine whether phosphatase activity of CPTP1 and HPTP1B, typical nontransmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, could be controlled by phosphorylation, affinity-purified PTPs were phosphorylated by CKII and p56lck in vitro. Phosphoamino acid analysis revealed that CPTP1 was phosphorylated on both serine and threonine residues by CKII, and tyrosine residue by p56lck. Phosphatase activity of CPTP1 was gradually increased by three-fold concomitant with phosporylation by CKII. Phosphorylation of HPTP1B by CKII resulted in quick two-fold enhancement of its phosphatase activity within 5 min of incubation and remained in that state. In the presence of CKII inhibitor, heparin or poly(Glu.Tyr), both phosphorylation and enhancement of phosphatase activity of CPTP1 and HPTP1B were mostly blocked. p56lck catalyzed tyrosine phosphorylation of CPTP1 and HPTP1B was only observed by inhibiting the intrinsic tyrosine phosphatase activity. Taken together, these results indicate that CPTP1 or HPTP1B possesses a capability to regulate its phosphatase activity through phosphorylation processes and may participate in the cellular signal cascades.     

Purification of Complex of SAV1 with PP1A

SAV1 is a core component involved in the Hippo pathway which can control the organ size via regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis simultaneously. We explored the regulatory mechanism of SAV1. We established the HEK293T cell pool, the cells in which can stably express SAV1 by retroviruses infection and found that SAV1 stable cells reduced the movement of themselves and resulted in multicellular aggregation. We purified SAV1 interacting protein complex using streptavidin resin and subsequently analyzed the digested peptides by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)-MS/MS. Results show that about 150 proteins were identified in the complex of SAV1 with protein. TUBA1A, OTUD4, and ATD were identified as proteins interacting with SAV1. Importantly, PP1A, serine/threonine protein phosphatase PP1-alpha 1 catalytic subunit, was also in the top 10 list. The interaction between PP1A and SAV1 was detected by both co-immunoprecipitation(CO-IP) and immunostaining. Our results indicate that PP1A might be the phosphatase of SAV1 and may take part in the regulation of the Hippo pathway.