双芳酰基肼衍生物为受体应用于F -和AcO -的识别研究

设计合成了系列双芳酰基肼衍生物, 利用紫外-可见吸收光谱考察了在乙腈中受体与F^-、Cl^-、Br^-、AcO^-、H₂PO₄^-、HSO₄^-等阴离子的作用. 研究结果表明双芳酰基肼衍生物对F^-、AcO^-有高的选择性和敏感性, 而对其他阴离子则无明显作用. 该类受体分子与阴离子通过氢键作用形成1:1的稳定化合物,从而导致了吸收光谱的变化.¹H NMR 滴定为受体分子与阴离子间的氢键作用本质提供了直接依据.     

酰腙类化合物的合成和阴离子识别研究

本文设计合成了3种新型的酰腙类受体分子。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱及 ¹H NMR考察了其与F^-、Cl^-、Br^-、I^-、CH₃COO^-、HSO₄^-、NO₃^-等阴离子的作用。结果表明，该类受体分子能较好地识别阴离子F^-和CH₃COO^-，在DMSO溶液中主客体之间形成氢键加合物。尤其对于受体3(间苯双对硝基苯氧乙酰腙)，加入F^-和CH₃COO^-时，溶液颜色有明显变化，受体3对这两种阴离子可实现裸眼识别。     

含双-NH结合位点的新型阴离子识别受体的合成及结合能力研究

合成了基于含有双功能-NH结合位点的选择识别阴离子的新型有色识别受体。与其它卤素阴离子相比，其在二甲基亚砜中的紫外可见光谱显示了F^-存在时具有高选择性，当存在四丁基氟化胺（5X10^-5mol.dm^-3）时颜色明显的由无色变到黄色. 当受体与四丁基醋酸胺、四丁基磷酸二氢胺、四丁基氢氧化胺作用时紫外可见光谱也出现了类似的变化。受体与四丁基氯化胺、四丁基溴化胺、四丁基碘化胺几乎没有作用。该受体与球形卤素阴离子的结合能力取决于卤素离子的直径和形成氢键能力大小，而其与三角型（AcO^-）、四面体型（H₂PO₄^-）、直线型（OH^-）结合能力的差异是由几何构形所决定的。     

人工合成受体的阴离子识别研究(Ⅰ)——乙二醛缩双芳氨基硫脲的合成及阴离子识别研究

设计合成了3种乙二醛缩双芳氨基硫脲受体分子。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱及¹H NMR考察了其与F^-、Cl^-、Br^-、I^-、CH₃COO^-、C₃H₇COO^-、HSO₄^-、NO₃^-等阴离子的作用。结果表明,该类受体分子与阴离子形成氢键配合物。加入F^-、CH₃COO^-、C₃H₇COO^-时,溶液颜色立刻由无色转变为深黄色,而加入其它阴离子则无变化,从而实现对这3种阴离子的裸眼检测。通过计算可知,随着苯环上取代基的变化,此3种受体分子对F^-和CH₃COO^-的识别作用呈现有规律的变化。即o-F取代基的受体分子对阴离子的识别作用大于其他2种受体分子,且主客体间形成1∶1的配合物。¹H NMR滴定及质子溶剂效应进一步证明了受体分子与阴离子之间以氢键作用方式相结合。     

人工合成受体的阴离子识别研究（Ⅲ）:双缩氨基硫脲衍生物的合成及阴离子识别研究

利用简便方法高效的合成了三种双缩氨基硫脲衍生物受体分子。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱及¹H NMR考察了该三种受体分子的阴离子识别性能。结果表明，该类受体分子均对F^-，CH₃COO^-和H₂PO₄^-有较好的选择性识别作用，而对Cl^-，Br^-，I^-，HSO₄^-和NO₃^-没有明显作用。当在此三种受体分子的DMSO溶液中加入F^-，CH₃COO^-和H₂PO₄^-时，可用肉眼观察到溶液颜色立刻由无色转变为深黄色，而加入其它阴离子则无变化，因而当溶液中存在其它卤素阴离子时可利用此类受体分子检测F^-。通过计算可知，随着苯环上取代基的变化，此三种受体分子对F^-，CH₃COO^-和H₂PO₄^-的识别作用呈现有规律的变化。即对同种阴离子，其平衡常数为：受体1＞受体3＞受体2。且主客体间形成1:1的配合物。¹H NMR 滴定及质子溶剂效应进一步证明了受体分子与阴离子之间以氢键作用方式相结合。     

芳酰基硫脲受体的合成及对阴离子识别研究

设计合成了3种芳酰基硫脲受体分子. 利用紫外-可见吸收光谱考察了其与F^－, Cl^－, Br^－, AcO^－, HSO₄^－, H₂PO₄^－等阴离子的作用. 结果表明该类受体分子与阴离子形成氢键配合物. 加入F^－, AcO^－时, 溶液立刻由无色变为黄色, 而加入其它阴离子则无变化, 从而实现对这两种阴离子的裸眼识别. 结果表明受体分子与阴离子间形成1∶1型的配合物. ¹H NMR滴定及质子溶剂效应为受体分子与阴离子间的氢键作用本质提供了直接依据.     

牛磺酸双核铜络合物为载体的高选择性硫氰酸根离子电极的研究

本文报道了一种以牛磺酸双核铜络合物为中性载体的硫氰酸根PVC膜电极。该电极对硫氰酸根有良好的电位响应并呈现出anti-Hofmeister行为,其选择性顺序SCN^->I^->ClO₄^->Sal^->NO₃^-> NO₂^-> Br^- > Cl^- > SO₃^-> SO₄ ^2-。在20℃ pH 5.0的磷酸缓冲溶液中,其线性范围为1.0´10 ^-1~ 1.0´10^-6mol×L-1,检测线为8.0×10 ^-7mol•L^-1,斜率为 -56.5 mV/pcSCN^-。紫外、红外和交流阻抗研究表明电极的高选择性与载体的立体结构和分析物与中心金属离子的作用相关。将该电极用于废水和人体尿液中硫氰酸根的测定,获得了较满意的结果。     

一种基于偶氮水杨醛酰腙的CN-探针

设计合成了一种基于偶氮苯基团的简单而高效的比色探针L1,并利用紫外-可见吸收光谱考察其对阴离子（F^-, Cl^-, Br^-, I^-, AcO^-, H₂PO₄^-, HSO₄^-, ClO₄^-和CN^-）的识别性能。结果表明：探针L1在DMSO/H₂O（5：5, V/V）的含水体系中,可以实现对CN^-单一选择性识别;且加入CN^-时,溶液颜色立刻由无色变为红色,而加入其它阴离子则无变化,说明该探针能够实现对CN^-的裸眼识别。另外,该探针对CN^-的检测灵敏度较高,最低检测限达到了1.3 μmol·L^-1。此外,我们制作了负载有探针分子L1的试纸条,能够更加方便快捷的检测CN^-。     

氢过碘酸）合银（III）配离子氧化L-脯氨酸的反应动力学及机理

L-脯氨酸独有的亚胺基使其在生物医药领域具有许多独特的功能,并广泛用作不对称有机化合物合成的有效催化剂。本文在碱性介质中研究了二（氢过碘酸）合银（III）配离子氧化 L-脯氨酸的反应。经质谱鉴定,脯氨酸氧化后的产物为脯氨酸脱羧生成的 γ-氨基丁酸盐;氧化反应对脯氨酸及Ag(III) 均为一级;二级速率常数 k′ 随 [IO₄^-] 浓度增加而减小,而与 [OHˉ] 的浓度几乎无关;推测反应机理应包括 [Ag(HIO₆)₂]^5-与 [Ag(HIO₆)(H₂O)(OH)]^2-之间的前期平衡,两种Ag（III）配离子均作为反应的活性组分,在速控步被完全去质子化的脯氨酸平行地还原,两速控步对应的活化参数为： k₁ (25 ^oC)＝1.87±0.04（mol·L^-1)^-1s^-1,∆ H₁^≠＝45±4 kJ · mol^-1, ∆ S₁^≠＝-90±13 J· K^-1·mol^-1 and k₂ (25 ^oC) ＝3.2±0.5（mol·L^-1)^-1s^-1, ∆ H₂^≠＝34±2 kJ · mol^-1, ∆ S₂^≠＝-122 ±10 J· K^-1·mol^-1。本文第一次发现 [Ag(HIO₆)₂]^5-配离子也具有氧化反应活性。     

基于二苯基咪唑的氟离子荧光探针的合成及性能

本文设计制备了一种二苯基咪唑衍生化的荧光探针1,利用紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱研究探针对阴离子的选择性。在探针的乙腈溶液中引入F_^-后,606 nm处的荧光强度发生明显的猝灭,并且可通过裸眼识别F_^-。探针对F_^-的识别表现出高灵敏性以及较好的抗干扰能力,检测限可低至9.43×10_^-8 mol L_^-1。此外,制备的1+F_^-体系对湿度较敏感,在水分影响下该体系的颜色和荧光强度能够实现可逆恢复。     

Study on Synthesis and Binding Ability of a New Anion Receptor Containing NH Binding Sites

A new colorimetric recognition receptor 1 based on the dual capability containing NH binding sites of selectively sensing anionic guest species has been synthesized. Compared with other halide anions, its UV/Vis absorption spectrum in dimethyl sulfoxide showed the response toward the presence of fluoride anion with high selectivity, and also displayed dramatic color changes from colorless to yellow in the presence of TBAF （5 × 10^-5 mol/L）. The similar UV/Vis absorption spectrum change also occurred when 1 was treated with AcO^- while a little change with H2PO^-4 and OH^-. Receptor 1 has almost not affinity abilities to Cl^-, Br^- and I^-. The binding ability of receptor 1 to fluoride with high selectivity over other halides contributes to the anion size and the ability of forming hydrogen bonding. While the different ability of binding with geometrically triangular （AcO^-）, tetrahedral （H2PO^-4 ） and linear （OH^-） anions maybe result from their geometry configuration.     

Anion Receptors Containing ‐NH Binding Sites: Hydrogen‐Bond Formation or Neat Proton Transfer?

When the amide‐containing receptor 1 ⁺ is in a solution of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the presence of basic anions (CH₃COO^?, F^?, H₂PO₄^?), it undergoes deprotonation of the ‐NH fragment to give the corresponding zwitterion, which can be isolated as a crystalline solid. In the presence of less basic anions (Cl^?, Br^?, NO₃^?), 1 ⁺ establishes true hydrogen‐bond interactions of decreasing intensity. The less acidic receptor 2 ⁺ undergoes neat proton transfer with only the more basic anions CH₃COO^? and F^?, and establishes hydrogen‐bond interactions with H₂PO₄^?. An empirical criterion for discerning neutralisation and hydrogen bonding, based on UV/Vis and ¹H NMR spectra, is proposed.     

Colorimetric naked‐eye recognizable anion sensors synthesized via RAFT polymerization

A polymeric sensor (PTH) containing naphthalimide signal moiety and thiourea recognition moiety for the detection of anions was synthesized by reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, which can guarantee controllable molecular weight, narrow molecular weight distribution, and precise polymer structure. Both PTH and its corresponding monomer (TH) showed naked‐eye recognizable yellow‐to‐orange changes upon addition of fluoride (F^?), acetate (AcO^?), and dihydrogen phosphate (H₂PO) of low concentration. However, only F^? can result in orange‐to‐purple change when the aforementioned anions were added at high concentrations, which was attributed to the deprotonation of the thiourea N? H groups and the mechanism was supported by the UV‐Vis absorption spectra and ¹H NMR titration. The effect of these anions on thin PTH films was also investigated, and the addition of F^? led to obvious spectra change. It was found that other halide anions (Cl^?, Br^?, and I^?) could hardly induce any variation of absorption spectra. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1551–1556, 2010     

Highly selective probe of a copper(II) complex based on a coumarin derivative for hydrogen sulfide detection

Abstract

A fluorescent probe 1 containing copper(II) had been designed and synthesized based on a coumarin derivative. The molecular structure of probe 1 was characterized by ¹H NMR, HRMS, IR, and elemental analysis. The interactions of 1 with biologically important anions and amino acid were determined by UV–Vis, fluorescence, and HRMS titration experiments. Results indicated that probe 1 showed the highest binding ability for HS^? among studied anions (AcO^?, H₂PO₄^?, F^?, Cl^?, Br^?, and I^?) and cysteine in pure dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and HEPES buffer solution. As we expected, the response of UV–Vis spectra in aqueous solution was stronger than that of pure DMSO solvent. In addition, the binding ability for HS^? was not hindered by the existence of other anions. HRMS titration experiment showed that the interacted mechanism was that the copper(II) ion in 1 was captured by HS^? and then free ligand released. Furthermore, the detection limit of probe 1 with HS^? was carried out through UV–Vis titration showing 1 to be highly sensitive for HS^?.     

Synthesis of Novel Anionic Receptors with （Thio）urea and Amide Binding Sites and the Recognition Properties for Anions

IntroductionSincemoreandmoreanionsplayanimportantroleinbiologicalandchemicalprocesses ,thedesignandsynthe sisofreceptorsforon lineandrealtimedetectionofbio logicallyimportantanions ,andforenvironmentalmonitor ingofharmfulanionpollutantshaveattractedparticularat tentioninsupramolecularchemistry .1Thebasicstrategyfortheconstructionofanion bindingreceptorsistoexploitthereceptorsthathaveelectrostatic ,2 hydrogenbonding ,3orLewisacidiccentralinteraction .4 Amongavarietyofnon covalentinteractions ,h…     

Anion Recognition Using Novel and Colorimetric Tweezer Receptors:1,3-Phenylenedi(carbonylhydrazone) in Aqueous-organic Binary Solvents

本文设计合成了2种新型的间苯二甲酰腙类钳形受体。在DMSO和DMSO-H2O混合溶液中,通过紫外可见光谱分别考察了受体分子3a对F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, AcO-, HSO4-, H2PO4-和ClO4-的相互作用。结果表明,在DMSO溶液中,受体3a对F-,CH3COO-和H2PO4-有显著识别效果,溶液颜色由无色变为黄色,实现裸眼检测。在15%H2O-85%DMSO含水体系中,3a可高选择性识别CH3COO-。1H NMR滴定表明过量F-的加入使受体分子3a发生脱质子作用,探讨了主客体之间的作用机理。并直接用于水相中无机醋酸盐的直接显色检测。     

A Series of Amino Acid Functionalized Tripodal Hexaamide Anion Receptors: Ion‐Pair‐Assisted Capped‐Cleft Formation by a Pentafluorophenyl‐Functionalized Amide

A new series of tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine (tren)‐based L ‐alanine amino acid backboned tripodal hexaamide receptors (L1–L5) with various attached moieties based on electron‐withdrawing fluoro groups and lipophilicity have been synthesized and characterized. Detailed binding studies of L1–L5 with different anions, such as halides (F^?, Cl^?, Br^?, and I^?) and oxyanions (AcO^?, BzO^? (Bz=benzoyl), NO₃^?, H₂PO₄^?, and HSO₄^?), have been carried out by isothermal titration calorimetric (ITC) experiments in acetonitrile/dimethylsulfoxide (99.5:0.5 v/v) at 298 K. ITC titration experiments have clearly shown that receptors L1–L4 invariably form 1:1 complexes with Cl^?, AcO^?, BzO^?, and HSO₄^?, whereas L5 forms a 1:1 complex only with AcO^?. In the case of Br^?, I^?, and NO₃^?, no appreciable heat change is observed owing to weak interactions between these anions and receptors; this is further confirmed by ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The ITC binding studies of F^? and H₂PO₄^? do not fit well for a 1:1 binding model. Furthermore, ITC binding studies also revealed slightly higher selectivity of this series of receptors towards AcO^? over Cl^?, BzO^?, and HSO₄^?. Solid‐state structural evidence for the recognition of Cl^? by this new category of receptor was confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray structural analysis of the complex of tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBACl) and L1. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction clearly showed that the pentafluorophenyl‐functionalized amide receptor (L1) encapsulated Cl^? in its cavity by hydrogen bonds from amides, and the cavity of L1 was capped with a TBA cation through hydrogen bonding and ion‐pair interactions to form a capped‐cleft orientation. To understand the role of the cationic counterpart in solution‐state Cl^? binding processes with this series of receptors (L1–L4), a detailed Cl^? binding study was carried out with three different tetraalkylammonium (Me₄N⁺, Et₄N⁺, and Bu₄N⁺) salts of Cl^?. The binding affinities of these receptors with different tetralkylammonium salts of Cl^? gave binding constants with the TBA cation in the following order: butyl>ethyl>methyl. This study further supports the role of the TBA countercation in ion‐pair recognition by this series of receptors.     

Selective “naked-eye” sensing of acetate ion based on conformational flexible amide-pyridinium receptor

A simple pincer-shape anion receptor L1 containing amide-pyridinium as binding unit was synthesized and its anion binding properties were investigated by UV–Vis, NMR titration spectra and molecular simulation. L1 displayed better affinity toward AcO^? ion with visible color change compared with other investigated anions, including F^?, H₂PO₄ ^?, Cl^?, Br^?, I^?, NO₃ ^? and HSO₄ ^? ions. The selectivity was ascribed to the synergistic effects arising from hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction and induced-fit process.     

A novel, simple, colorimetric receptor based on 2′,4′-dinitrophenylhydrazone for acetate ion in organic medium

A novel 1,3-di(2′,4′-dinitrophenylhydrazone)-5-nitrobenzene receptor has been synthesized by simple steps with good yields. The anion recognition properties were studied by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The results showed that the receptor had a higher affinity to F^?, CH₃COO^? and H₂PO ₄ ^? , but no evident binding with Cl^?, Br^?, and I^?. Upon addition of the three former anions to the receptors in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) at 298.2 ± 0.1 K, the solution exhibited an obvious color change from yellow to mauve that could be observed by the naked eye, thus the receptor could act as a fluoride ion sensor even in the presence of other halide ions. The UV-Vis data indicates that a 1:1 stoichiometry complex formed through hydrogen-bonding interactions between receptor and anions. The hydrogen bond between phenylhydrazone –NH and acetate or fluoride anion was determined on the basis of ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments.     

Determination Limit of Fluorescence Turn‐On Probes for the Acetate Anion

Three fluorescent turn‐on probes containing 3,6‐dichloro‐9H‐carbazole as carbazyl part have been designed and synthesized. Among studied anions F^?, AcO^?, H₂PO , Cl^?, Br^? and I^?, AcO^? showed the strongest binding ability with all probes. The strong basic anions, such as AcO^?, H₂PO , and F^?, induced a significant red‐shift in absorption and a concomitant increase in fluorescent emission of the probes caused by photoinduced electron transfer (PET). The determination limit of probe 3 (Scheme 1) toward AcO^? is 3.0×10^?7 M . ¹H‐NMR Titration experiments shed light on the nature of the interaction between the probes and the anions. Theoretical investigation further illustrated the possible binding mode in these host? guest interactions and the roles of molecular frontier orbitals in molecular interplay.