共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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有机金属钼催化下的甲基萘氧化反应 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文研究了在液相条件下用有机金属钼作均相催化剂,叔丁基过氧化氢作氧化剂,把甲基萘氧化成甲基萘醌的反应。讨论了溶剂、催化剂、反应温度、氧化剂与甲基萘的配比以及萘环上不同取代基对反应的影响, 相似文献
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本文报道了溴化α-噻吩甲酰基代甲基三苯鉮的合成及其与取代苯胺,α(β)-萘胺的反应,并合成了一系列2-(α-噻吩基)吲哚和苯骈吲哚化合物。经元素分析、红外光谱和核磁共振谱及吲哚环的显色反应,确证了产物的结构。 相似文献
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通过1,3-二甲氧基丙酮的格氏反应,合成了五个2-烃基-1,3-二氧甲基甘油(2)。烃基分别为甲基、苯基、正丁基、环戊基和环己基。对-硝基苯甲酸酯和3,5-二硝基苯甲酸酯经分析鉴定。2的直接对-甲苯磺酰化未能成功。 相似文献
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顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用测定香水中5种合成麝香 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了香水中5种合成麝香的顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用分析方法。实验选用65 μm的聚二甲基硅氧烷-二乙烯基苯(PDMS-DVB)萃取纤维,在磁力搅拌600 r/min条件下,考察了萃取温度、平衡时间、萃取时间、解吸时间、进样口温度和盐效应6个方面对实验结果的影响。优化后的条件为: 10 mL顶空瓶中加入适量用水稀释过的样品,于60 ℃平衡3 min后,顶空萃取20 min,随即插入气相色谱进样口,于250 ℃解吸3 min进行定性、定量分析。5种合成麝香在0.05~1.00 μg/g范围内线性关系良好,检出限(LOD)为0.6~2.1 ng/g。空白样品在3个浓度加标水平下(0.05, 0.50, 1.00 μg/g)的回收率为82.0%~103.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.8%~9.4%。本方法简便、准确、快速、灵敏,适用于香水中合成麝香的分析检验工作。 相似文献
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Jin-Shui Che Rui-Peng Yu Li-Ping Wang Sheng-Fang Wu 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(4):387-399
Synthetic musks, substitutes for natural musks, are widely distributed in environment. They have been detected in water, sludge, fish, shrimp, mussels and other aquatic animals, and even in human's adipose tissue, blood and breast milk. In this study, a new extraction procedure, based on the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and in cell clean-up technique was developed and successfully coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for the analysis of musks in sediment samples. With this method, the limits of detection as low as 0.03–0.05?ng?g?1 and the recovery rate of 86.0%–104% are achieved. When compared with soxhlet extraction (SE) and ultrasonic extraction (USE), ASE not only has the best extraction efficiency but also has advantage in extraction time and solvent consumption. Eight synthetic musks, including six polycyclic musks (Tonalide (AHTN), Galaxolide (HHCB), Phantolide (AHDI), Traseolide (ATII), Cashmeran (DPMI) and Celestolide (ADBI)) and two nitro musks (musk xylene (MX) and musk ketone (MK)), were evaluated in sediment samples collected from 15 selected locations of the Taihu lake, one of the largest freshwater lakes in China. The contents of synthetic musks in sediment samples range from 0.336 to 3.10?ng?g?1 for HHCB, 0.184 to 1.21?ng?g?1 for AHTN, below detection limit (BDL) to 0.349?ng?g?1 for MX, and BDL to 0.0786?ng?g?1 for MK. The contents of DPMI, ADBI, AHMI and ATII are below detection limit in all samples. The results reflect current status of fragrance compound pollution in this area, and provide basic data for environmental policy making. 相似文献
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建立了固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法同时测定进口海产品中11种合成麝香(开司米木、萨利麝香、粉檀麝香、葵子麝香、特斯拉、佳乐麝香、二甲苯麝香、吐纳麝香、伞花麝香、西藏麝香和麝香酮)。样品经正己烷提取,弗罗里硅土固相萃取柱净化,内标法定量。目标物在0.001~0.1 mg/L内呈良好的线性相关,相关系数(r2)均大于0.990,方法检出限(信噪比(S/N)>3)为0.35~2.08μg/kg,定量限(S/N>10)为1.18~5.00μg/kg。分别在空白基质中添加低、中、高3个水平的标准品进行回收试验,平均回收率为83.1%~117%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为5.1%~8.5%。利用该方法对2017年上海口岸进口的30个海产品进行了筛查,发现佳乐麝香在93.3%的被测样品中均有检出,含量最高达3.82μg/kg。葵子麝香和伞花麝香也是检出较多的麝香品种,含量最高分别可达15.4μg/kg和10.5μg/kg。该方法特异性强,灵敏度高,适用于海产品中多种合成麝香残留物的筛查和确证。 相似文献
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Determination of musk compounds in sewage treatment plant sludge samples by solid-phase microextraction 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Llompart M García-Jares C Salgado C Polo M Cela R 《Journal of chromatography. A》2003,999(1-2):185-193
Headspace solid-phase microextraction, followed by GC-MS analysis is presented as a suitable technique for the determination of musk compounds in sewage treatment plant sludge. Five polycyclic musks (celestolide, phantolide, traseolide, galaxolide and tonalide) and four nitro musks (musk xylene, musk moskene, musk tibetene and musk ketone) were considered in the optimisation of the analytical method. The influence of extraction temperature, fibre coating, agitation, pH and salting out on the efficiency of the extraction along with the extraction kinetics were studied. An extraction temperature of 100 degrees C and sampling the headspace over the stirred sludge sample using polydimethylsiloxane -divinylbenzene as fibre coating lead to effective extraction. The method proposed is very simple and yields high sensitivity, good linearity and repeatability for all the analytes with limits of detection at the sub-ng/g level. The total analysis time, including extraction and GC analysis, was only 40 min, and no manipulation of the sample was required. 相似文献
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Headspace stir bar sorptive extraction followed by thermal desorption and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry to determine musk fragrances in sludge samples without sample pretreatment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Laura Vallecillos Marta Pedrouzo Eva Pocurull Francesc Borrull 《Journal of separation science》2014,37(11):1322-1329
A direct, simple and solvent‐free method based on headspace stir bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption gas chromatography with mass spectroscopy was developed to determine 13 musk fragrances (six polycyclic musks, three nitro musks and four macrocyclic musks) in sludge without sample treatment. The optimal headspace stir bar sorptive extraction conditions were achieved when a polydimethylsiloxane stir bar was exposed for 45 min in the headspace of a 10 mL vial filled with 100 mg of sludge mixed with 0.2 mL of water stirred at 750 rpm at 80°C. The stir bar was then desorbed in the thermal desorption gas chromatography and mass spectrometry system, obtaining limits of detection between 5 and 30 ng/g. The method applicability was tested with sewage sludge from two urban wastewater treatment plants and from a potable water treatment plant. Results showed galaxolide and tonalide to be the most abundant musk fragrances found in wastewater treatment plants with maximal concentrations of 9240 and 7500 ng/g, respectively. Maximum concentration levels between 35 and 635 ng/g were found for musk ketone, musk moskene, traseolide, phantolide and celestolide in this kind of samples. Concentrations below the limits of quantitation of phantolide, galaxolide, tonalide and musk ketone were found in sludge from a potable water treatment plant. 相似文献
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Mónica Marchal 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2016,96(13):1213-1246
Among personal care products (PCPs), musks fragrances are a chemically heterogeneous group sharing some sensory characteristics, specially related with odour aspects that have received great attention in the last decade. From a chemical point of view, synthetic musks can be divided in four groups including nitrobenzene derivatives, polycyclic and macrocyclic musks (MCMs) and alicyclic derivatives. Thus, analytically, it is necessary to apply chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (mainly GC-MS) for the determination of musk residues with adequate sensitivity and selectivity. This review gives a critical overview of published methods for the determination of synthetic musks in different environmental and biological matrices. Methodological aspects considering the different sample preparation and instrumental parameters involved have been reviewed and summarised paying special attention to method validation results. Although GC-MS-based methods are the most abundant ones, the use of tandem MS has become an interesting alternative to improve both sensitivity and selectivity. 相似文献
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Sanchez-Prado L Lourido M Lores M Llompart M Garcia-Jares C Cela R 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2004,18(11):1186-1192
Polycyclic musks are widely used synthetic fragrances that have been identified during the last few years in biota samples and environmental matrices. Nevertheless, there is a lack of information concerning the photodegradation behavior of these compounds. In this work, the photoinduced degradation of six polycyclic musk compounds (Cashmeran, Celestolide, Phantolide, Galaxolide, Traseolide and Tonalide) was studied using a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber as support. Musk fragrances were extracted from aqueous solutions using SPME fibers that were subsequently exposed to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for different times. To study the degradation kinetics and to tentatively identify the photoproducts generated, gas chromatography coupled to ion trap mass spectrometry was used. Aqueous photodegradation studies were also performed. The on-fiber photodegradation approach avoids the need for further extraction processes and makes the identification of photoproducts easier, due to their higher concentration on the fibers. All musk compounds were easily photodegraded, suggesting that UV irradiation could work as a decontamination tool for these musks. 相似文献
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A new method for the simultaneous determination of 11 synthetic musks and one fragrance compound in house dust was developed. The nitro musks included musk ketone (MK, 4-tert-butyl-3,5-dinitro-2,6-dimethylacetophenone), musk xylene (MX, 1-tert-butyl-3,5-dimethyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene), musk ambrette (1-tert-butyl-2-methoxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzene) and musk moskene (1,1,3,3,5-pentamethyl-4,6-dinitroindane). The polycyclic musk compounds were 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-(γ)-2-benzopyran (HHCB), 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (AHTN), 4-acetyl-1,1-dimethyl-6-tert-butylindane, 6-acetyl-1,1,2,3,3,5-hexamethylindane, 5-acetyl-1,1,2,6-tetramethyl-3-isopropylindane, 6,7-dihydro-1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-4(5H)-indanon. The one macrocyclic musk was 1,4-dioxacycloheptadecane-5,17-dione. The bicyclic hydrocarbon fragrance compound (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-2,3,8,8-tetramethylnaphthalen-2yl)ethan-1-one (OTNE) and HHCB-lactone (4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1H,3H,4H,6H,7H, 8H-indeno[5,6-c]pyran-1-one), a degradation product of HHCB, were also analysed. NIST SRM 2781 (domestic sludge) and SRM 2585 (organic contaminants in house dust) were analysed for these target compounds. The method was applied for the analysis of 49 paired samples collected using two vacuum sampling methods: a sample of fresh or "active" dust (FD) collected using a Pullman-Holt vacuum sampler, and a household dust (HD) sample taken from the participants' vacuum cleaners. Method detection limits and recoveries ranged from 12 to 48?ng/g and 54 to 117?%, respectively. AHTN, HHCB, OTNE and HHCB-lactone were detected in all samples, with median concentrations of 552, 676, 252 and 453?ng/g for FD samples, respectively; and 405, 992, 212 and 492?ng/g for HD samples, respectively. MX and MK were detected with high frequencies but with much lower concentrations. The two sampling methods produced comparable results for the target analytes. Widely scattered concentration levels were observed for target analytes from this set of 49 house dust samples, suggesting a wide variability in Canadian household exposure to synthetic musks. 相似文献
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Rapid solvent‐free microwave‐assisted headspace solid‐phase microextraction (MA‐HS‐SPME) coupled with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) was developed to determine synthetic polycyclic and nitro‐aromatic musks in fish samples. Four commonly used synthetic musks, galaxolide (HHCB), tonalide (AHTN), musk xylene (MX) and musk ketone (MK) were employed in the method development and validation. The parameters (microwave irradiation time, irradiation power, amount of water addition, pH value and addition of NaCl) affecting the extraction efficiency of analytes from fish slurry were systematically investigated and optimized. The best extraction conditions were achieved when the fish sample 2‐g mixed with 4‐mL methanol and 15‐mL deionized water (containing 4 g of NaCl, pH 2.0 in a 40‐mL sample‐vial) was microwave irradiated at 80 watt for 5 min. The limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.4 to 1.2 ng/g in 2‐g of wet tissue. The precision for these analytes, as indicated by relative standard deviations, were less than 9% for both intra‐ and inter‐day analysis. Accuracy, expressed as the mean extraction recovery, was between 80 to 92%. A standard addition method was used to quantitate these four synthetic musks, and the total concentrations ranged from 2.1 to 23.1 ng/g in various fish samples. 相似文献