Structure and electron energy spectrum in the hydroxide-depleted surface centers of silicon dioxide

A molecular cluster model with dangling valence bonds terminated by hydrogen pseudoatoms and a calculation scheme based on density functional theory with the Becke-Lee-Yang-Parr hybrid exchange-correlation potential on a two-exponent valence basis are used to investigate the electron energy spectrum of hydroxide-depleted surface centers in different modifications of silicon dioxide. The nature and structure of energy bands, which depend on the relative position between a surface oxygen atom and adjacent silicon ones and the angle of a bridging oxygen atom in a siloxane bond, are discussed. The calculated energies of electron transitions corresponding to singlet and triplet states agree well with the cathodoluminescence spectra of amorphous SiO₂ processed by an electron beam with a high power density.     

硫化锂分子的分析势能函数和光谱

应用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法和6-311++g（d,p）基组,研究Li₂、LiS和Li₂S分子的基态构型.结果表明它们的基电子态分别为X¹Σ_g⁺、X²Π和X¹Σ_g⁺.通过非线性曲线拟合,得到基态LiS和Li₂分子的4参数Murrell-Sorbie分析势能函数,计算它们的光谱参数和力常数.基于多体项展式理论得到了基态Li₂S分子的单重态势能面的分析函数.利用得到的分析势能函数重构基态单重Li₂S分子的旋转图、伸缩图和旋转伸缩图,准确地再现了Li₂S分子的静态特征,如平衡结构,最低能量,合理反应通道.从等值势能面图看出,反应Li+S+Li→Li₂S是一个无阈值反应.S原子攻击Li₂分子的反应通道上,有一个过渡态.Li原子攻击LiS分子通道上也有一个过渡态.     

Hydrogen chemisorption on metal surfaces

The adsorption of H atoms on metal (jellium) surfaces has been investigated using linear response theory within the density functional formalism. The adsorbate is represented initially by a 1S orbital on the H atom, which perturbs the jellium surface and indirectly the adsorbate itself. The interaction energy curves, atomic binding energies, induced dipole moments, chemical shifts associated with the adsorbate, and vibrational excitation energies at the equilibrium internuclear separation have been calculated for a single H atom chemisorbed on metal surfaces. The sum of the atomic binding energy and the ionization potential of the H 1S level may be regarded as the initial state energy in the case of photoemission from the chemisorbed H. The rather satisfactory overall agreement between the theory and the experimental results for binding energies, vibrational excitation energies, and dipole moments suggests that this simple formalism could also have useful applications in more complicated chemisorbed systems.     

InSi_n(n=2-15)团簇结构、稳定性与电子性质的理论研究

使用卡里普索(CALYPSO)结构预测程序并结合密度泛函理论,在B3LYP/GENECP基组水平上,对InSi_n(n=2-15)团簇的几何结构进行优化与计算.结构优化表明:InSi_n团簇的最低能量构型趋于立体结构(n2),且形成In原子戴帽InSi_(n-1)团簇结构.稳定性分析发现InSi_(12)团簇为幻数结构,In原子的掺杂降低了Si_(n+1)团簇的稳定性.团簇中的电荷总是由In原子向Si原子转移.最后讨论了团簇的电子局域密度函数、红外与拉曼光谱.     

TiO基态 (X 3 Δr) 的势能函数与光谱常数

应用群论及原子分子反应静力学方法推导了TiO分子基态(X³Δ_r)的离解极限.采用不同的计算方法,包括密度泛函B3LYP,B3P86,BP86,B3PW91和MP2,MP4方法,结合不同基组计算了TiO分子基态的平衡核间距、能量和振动频率.研究表明,使用B3LYP方法,对O原子使用6-311+G基组,Ti原子使用6-311+ +G^**基组时计算得到的平衡几何结构、分子离解能和谐振频率与实验值符合得最好.使用优选出的方法和基组对T 关键词： TiO 势能函数 光谱常数 密度泛函理论     

TinMg (n=1—10)掺杂团簇的密度泛函研究

采用密度泛函(DFT)中的B3LYP方法,选择sto-3g基组,优化并得到了Ti_nMg(n=1—10)小团簇的基态平衡结构,计算出了掺杂团簇的基态结构的平均键长、对称性、原子化能、能级分布、能级间隙、束缚能、总能的二阶差分. 结果表明,随着团簇原子数的增加,镁原子更容易趋于团簇表面位置,镁-钛平均键长大于钛-钛平均键长,以对称性结构为最稳定的基态结构,且呈多个五角双锥结构. 其中Ti₅Mg和Ti₈Mg的结构更为稳定. 关键词： 密度泛函 钛-镁团簇 基态结构     

基态TiH2分子的结构与分析势能函数

用密度泛函理论的B3lyp方法,Ti原子采用相对论有效实势(LanL2DZ)收缩价基函数,氢原子采用6-311 g**全电子基函数,对TiH2体系的结构进行优化计算.得到TiH2分子最稳态为C2v构型,电子状态为(C2v(X)3A2),平衡核间距,RTi-H=0.1789 nm,键角∠HTiH =123.365°,离解能:De=5.54216 eV.基态简正振动频υ(A1)=485.4150 cm-1,υ(B2)=1507.6533 cm-1,υ(A1)=1580.2361 cm-1.由微观过程的可逆性原理分析了分子的可能离解极限,并用多体项展式理论方法分别导出基态TiH2分子的势能函数,其等值势能面图准确地再现了TiH2分子的结构特征和离解能.由此讨论了TiH2分子反应的势能面静态特征.     

三方结构MgSiO3 (0001)表面的几何结构，电子结构及表面能

本文基于密度泛函理论（DFT）计算了三角晶系钛铁矿结构MgSiO3（0001）表面的基本性质,包括了不同终止面-Mg,-Mge和-SiO3的几何结构,电子状态和能量。本文描述了模型的晶体结构和表面弛豫等结构特性。不同终止面表面的电子态密度和局部电势阐明了原子之间的化学键。分子的解离量,表面能,巨热力学势展示了不同终止面表面的热力学稳定性。计算的带隙表明,终止面Mge中的额外Mg原子使表面变得金属化,终止面SiO3中空缺的Mg原子使表面表现出P型导电。表面能的结果表明终止面Mg是最稳定的平面。此外,在富含Mg的条件下显示终止面Mge是最低势面。     

Configurational transitions in processes involving metal clusters

We define the configurational state of an atomic system, e.g. a cluster of metal atoms, in terms of the nuclear coordinates of a specific local minimum of the potential energy surface (PES). Three types of configurational transitions are reviewed: chemical reactions, phase transitions in clusters and catalytic chemical processes involving clusters as catalysts. The analysis of the first two cases shows that although vibrational degrees of freedom of nuclei and configurational degrees of freedom are separable in lowest order, thermal motion of nuclei nevertheless influences the rate of a configurational transition. Therefore the height of the barrier that separates configurational states of the transition for the PES differs from the effective activation energy for this transition. For example, ignoring the thermal motion of atoms in Lennard-Jones clusters leads to a predicted value of their melting points twice which accounts for the thermal motion of atoms. Hence, in determining parameters governing configurational transitions, evaluation of the PES parameters, say, within the framework of DFT (density functional theory) must be augmented by information from molecular dynamics or some other method that accounts for nuclear motion.     

TiN分子基态(X2Σ)结构和势能函数

应用群论及原子分子反应静力学方法推导了TiN分子基态(X²Σ)的离解极限. 采用不同的密度泛函方法,包括BP86, B3P86, B3LYP, B3PW91, 分别选用不同的基组对TiN分子基态进行结构优化计算.通过比较得出使用BP86方法, 对N原子使用D95V++(d,P)基组和Ti原子使用6-311++G^**基组时,计算得到的平衡几何结构、分子离解能和谐振频率与实验值符合得最好. 并采用最小二乘法拟合改进的Murrell-Sorbie函数得到了相应电子态的完整势能函数. 计算得到的光谱常数与实验光谱数据符合得很好. 关键词： BP86 TiN分子基态 势能函数 光谱常数     

Adsorption of propylene carbonate on the Li Mn_2O_4 (100) surface investigated by DFT+U calculations

Understanding the mechanism of the interfacial reaction between the cathode material and the electrolyte is a significant work because the interfacial reaction is an important factor affecting the stability,capacity,and cycling performance of Li-ion batteries.In this work,spin-polarized density functional theory calculations with on-site Coulomb energy have been employed to study the adsorption of electrolyte components propylene carbonate(PC)on the LiMn2O4(100)surface.The findings show that the PC molecule prefers to interact with the Mn atom on the LiMn2O4(100)surface via the carbonyl oxygen(Oc),with the adsorption energy of?1.16 eV,which is an exothermic reaction.As the adsorption of organic molecule PC increases the Mn atoms coordination with O atoms on the(100)surface,the Mn3+ions on the surface lose charge and the reactivity is substantially decreased,which improves the stability of the surface and benefits the cycling performance.     

密度泛函理论研究ScnO(n=1—9)团簇的结构、稳定性与电子性质

采用基于密度泛函理论的BP86/CEP-121G （O原子采用6-311G^**基组）方法,对Sc_nO （n=1—9）团簇的几何结构、能量与稳定性、电子结构性质及其随团簇尺寸的变化趋势进行了研究.随着团簇原子个数的增加,O原子从位于Sc_n团簇结构的边缘转变为占据团簇的内部位置.O原子的掺入增加了Sc_n团簇的稳定性,使其能隙升高,并改变了其稳定性及电子结构性质随团簇尺寸变化的规律;含有偶数个Sc原子的氧化物团簇比其周围邻近的含有奇数个Sc原子的氧化物团簇具有相对较高的稳定性.Sc_nO团簇电离势的理论计算值与实验值符合得较好,而其电子亲和势呈现振荡交替上升的变化趋势;用最大化学硬度规律等方法表征了Sc_nO氧化物团簇的稳定性和电子结构性质. 关键词： nO团簇')" href="#">Sc_nO团簇 几何结构 电子性质 密度泛函理论     

CLi+5超碱团簇的结构及储氢性能的理论研究

利用密度泛函理论( B3LYP) 方法，在 6 - 311 + + G ( d,p) 基组水平上，对超碱团簇 CLi₅及其阳离子体系 CLi₅⁺的几何结构和稳定性等物理化学性质进行理论计算，并进一步研究它们的储氢性能． 分析可知，CLi₅⁺超碱离子团簇结构相比中性 CLi₅团簇结构动力学稳定性要高，表面吸氢能力更强． 氢分子在 CLi₅⁺表面能以介于物理吸附与化学吸附之间的形式吸附，每个 Li 原子最多可以有效吸附三个 H₂，平均吸附能处于 1. 065 ～ 2. 732 k Cal/mol 范围内，储氢质量分数可达 39. 30 wt % ，表明 CLi₅⁺超碱离子团簇可以作为一种理想的储氢材料．     

Agn-1Si（n=5-10）团簇结构与性质研究

采用密度泛函理论研究了Agn-1Si团簇（n = 5-10）的几何结构和物理性质。首先得到体系最低能量结构,其中Ag5Si 和 Ag7Si团簇的结构比之前研究中结构能量更低。通过分析相应结构的能隙,平均结合能,二阶能量差可以发现Si原子的加入可以加强团簇结构稳定性,使团簇更加紧凑。在团簇尺寸n = 5-10的范围里,拥有八个价电子的Ag4Si团簇在以上三个方面都显示出非常稳定的特点。通过分析Agn-1Si团簇 (n = 5-10)的差分电荷发现,电荷的转移主要发生在Si原子与其相邻的Ag原子之间, Si原子和附近的Ag原子之间产生了强烈的共价相互作用,是团簇稳定性增强的重要原因。     

The rovibrational structure of the He-CO complex from a model interaction potential

The full dimensional potential energy surface for the He-CO complex, V(R,Ø r_co), has been calculated using a recently developed scheme which combines density functional theory with the long range dispersion contributions obtained from perturbative theory. Then the two adiabatic surfaces obtained by the integration of the full potential over the vibrational coordinate of CO have been used to calculate the bound states of the van der Waals complex for both v_co = 0 and v_co = 1. Calculations of the wavefunctions and of the frequencies of various rotational and rovibrational transitions is seen to provide good overall agreement with the available experiments on the title system.     

An ab initio investigation of vibrational,thermodynamic, and optical properties of Sc_2AlC MAX compound

The structural vibrational, thermodynamical, and optical properties of potentially technologically important, weakly coupled MAX compound, Sc2 Al C are calculated using density functional theory(DFT). The structural properties of Sc_2AlC are compared with the results reported earlier. The vibrational, thermodynamical, and optical properties are theoretically estimated for the first time. The phonon dispersion curve is calculated and the dynamical stability of this compound is investigated. The optical and acoustic modes are observed clearly. We calculate the Helmholtz free energy(F), internal energy(E), entropy(S), and specific heat capacity(Cv) from the phonon density of states. Various optical parameters are also calculated. The reflectance spectrum shows that this compound has the potential to be used as an efficient solar reflector.     

金属原子修饰石墨烯体系催化性能的理论研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法研究了单个CO和O2气体分子在金属原子修饰石墨烯表面的吸附和反应过程.结果表明:空位缺陷结构的石墨烯能够提高金属原子的稳定性,金属原子掺杂的石墨烯体系能够调控气体分子的吸附特性.通入混合的CO和O2作为反应气体,石墨烯表面容易被吸附性更强的O2分子占据,进而防止催化剂的CO中毒.此外,对比分析两种催化机理(Langmuir-Hinshelwood和Eley-Rideal)对CO氧化反应的影响.与其它金属原子相比,Al原子掺杂的石墨烯体系具有极低的反应势垒(0.4 e V),更有助于CO氧化反应的迅速进行.     

A DFT investigation of potential energy surface and vibrational properties of hydrogen adsorbed on the Rh(1 1 1) surface

Vibrational properties of hydrogen on the Rh(1 1 1) surface have been investigated theoretically. The potential energy surface for this system has been calculated within the density functional theory. The potential is found to be very anharmonic. The wave functions and their energies for the hydrogen motion on the potential energy surface (PES) have been calculated and assigned by using discrete variable representation. It was found that the vibrational wave function is localized at hollow site in the ground state for hydrogen on Rh(1 1 1). Higher excited states are of delocalized nature and mixed parallel and perpendicular character. Our results are in good agreement with the observed vibrational spectra of hydrogen on the Rh(1 1 1) surface.     

金属原子修饰石墨烯体系催化性能的理论研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法研究了单个CO 和O2气体分子在金属原子修饰石墨烯表面的吸附和反应过程. 结果表明: 空位缺陷结构的石墨烯能够提高金属原子的稳定性, 金属原子掺杂的石墨烯体系能够调控气体分子的吸附特性. 通入混合的CO和O2作为反应气体, 石墨烯表面容易被吸附性更强的O2分子占据, 进而防止催化剂的CO 中毒. 此外, 对比分析两种催化机理(Langmuir-Hinshelwood和Eley-Rideal)对CO氧化反应的影响. 与其它金属原子相比, Al原子掺杂的石墨烯体系具有极低的反应势垒(< 0.4 eV), 更有助于CO氧化反应的迅速进行.     

Hydrogen sorption sites in holmium silicide on silicon(1 1 1)

The hydrogen sorption sites on the surface of holmium silicide grown on Si(1 1 1) have been determined using metastable de-excitation spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. Comparison of calculated and measured surface density of states spectra allow us to locate the position of the second subsurface hydrogen atom in each unit cell to an interstitial site in the layer of rare earth atoms. The hydrogenation energies indicate a reaction pathway that involves concomitant site occupation.