掺杂SiO_2-TiO_2光催化剂的制备及对染料废水脱色研究

将ＴｉＯ2 光催化剂用于染料废水脱色处理的工作近几年研究的较多。在可作为光催化剂的Ｎ 型半导体中 ,ＴｉＯ2 性质最优。曹曼等人[1] 用ＴｉＯ2 作催化剂 ,研究了水中活性艳红Ｋ 2Ｇ的光催化氧化机理 ,Ｍａｔｔｅｗｓ[2 ] 将ＴｉＯ2 粉末固定于某一载体上 ,其催化活性比粉末状高 ,ＹｕＺｈｉｇｏｎｇ等[3]对ＴｉＯ2 的催化机理进行了研究。有学者指出 ,由于电子 空穴对产生的时间短 ,为防止其自发合并 ,可在半导体中加入导体物质 ,有利于电子与空穴转移并延长分离时间 ,ＴｉＯ2 的催化活性有明显提高。但在这些研究中都使用了紫外光作为…     

超声MnO2联用降解丁基罗丹明B染料

采用超声MnO2体系降解丁基罗丹明B染料,考察了pH值、声强、MnO2投加量等因素对染料降解过程的影响。实验结果表明,溶液pH=3.0,MnO2投加量为1.5g/L,声强=40.7W/cm2,超声辐照10mg/L的罗丹明B溶液48m in,染料的脱色率为98.73%;超声和MnO2的协同效应在酸性条件下较为明显,溶液中产生大量.OH强化了对染料的声化学脱色和降解过程;丁基罗丹明B的超声降解过程以自由基的氧化反应为主,服从动力学一级反应。     

分散蓝2BLN染料的二氧化氯氧化脱色研究

我们用CIO2氧化分散蓝2BLN,对其进行脱色,在1分钟内脱色率为90％以上。在最佳条件下,研究了反应的动力学。用PMS半经验方法计算了2BLN分子的键级。结果表明,脱色反应的级数,对2BLN为1级,对CIO2为0．5级,这个反应是十分快的,开始于一个Sn2亲核历程。     

阳离子淀粉吸附脱色性能的研究

本文对阳离子淀粉(CST)的吸附性能进行了系统的研究。实验表明阳离子淀粉对各种阴离子染料的吸附,主要是化学吸附。在pH为2～8范围内和室温下,对不同结构的阴离子染料均有一定吸附脱色效果。     

纳米TiO2/碳化树脂复合催化剂的合成及其光催化性能研究

利用一种简单、快速的方法合成了纳米TiO₂/碳化树脂(B)复合催化剂,对其组成、结构、尺寸及其光催化性能进行了表征.结果表明,该复合材料为由碳、氢、氧和钛等4种元素组成的纳米材料,尺寸约30nm,其中Ti和O的堆积结构为锐钛矿型;在该复合材料中,B为具有活性基团和不同长度碳-碳共轭链的大分子,且与TiO₂之间存在着某种化学作用,复合材料所具有的特殊电子结构不仅使其能吸收紫外-可见区的全程光波,而且对光生电荷具有很高的分离能力,从而表现出较高的光催化活性.     

多级流化床吸附的味精脱色除铁研究

本文提出并研究了中和液与结晶母液混合进料,TPCIX柱多级流化混合床吸附的味精脱色除铁新工艺。研究了K15+122混合吸附剂脱色除铁的适宜工艺条件并考察了TPCIX(Tipping Plate Continuous Ion Exchange Contractor)柱的工艺运转。新工艺对提高99％味精产率和总收率,改善技术经济指标具有建设性的意义。     

茶叶吸附染料作用的初步研究

本文证实了茶叶经化学处理后，可以吸附水中阳离子型染料。三种染料的脱色率均在９０％以上。吸附后的茶叶可以再生处理，循环使用。     

表面键联型TiO2／SiO2固定催化剂的结构及催化性能

采用浸渍法制备了表面键联型TiO2/SiO2固定化光催化剂。XRD,FT－IR,XPS和BET比表面积测定结果表明,TiO2通过Ti-O-Si联结负载于多孔硅胶的表面,由此提出TiO2/SiO2的结构模型,考察了多孔硅胶的粒度及氧化钛负载量对催化剂活性的影响,对活性艳红K－2G（R15）的光催化脱色反应,最佳的光催化剂30％TiO2/SiO2（Ims30)比B－TiO2粉末的催化速率快3倍,随着载体粒度的减小,催化剂的比表面积增大,催化活性升高;多孔硅胶不仅起着支持体的作用,而且具有分散的作用;多孔硅胶具有很好的透光性,经ζ－电位测定,所制备催化剂的等电点为3.0pH单位,表明催化剂表面呈酸性。     

脱色阴离子交换剂的再生研究

提出一种新的离子交换剂再生理论，即吸附物的脱附依靠离子交换和络合的协同效应完成．以二价钙离子为再生剂，对糖液脱色用的阴离子交换树脂和阴离子交换纤维进行再生，并与传统的碱性钠盐相比较，研究证明钙离子为再生剂的工艺，具有低成本、无污染的特点．     

KCl-KBO2-K2CO3, K2MoO4-KBO2-K2CO3, and K2WO4-KBO2-K2CO3 ternary systems

phase diagrams of KCl-KBO₂-K₂CO₃, K₂MoO₄-KBO₂-K₂CO₃, and K₂WO₄-KBO₂-K₂CO₃ ternary systems were studied by a calculation-experimental method and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The coordinates of ternary eutectics were determined to be E ₁: 622°C, 8.5 mol % KBO₂, 56.5 mol % KCl, and 35 mol % K₂CO₃; E ₂: 710°C, 23 mol % KBO₂, 43 mol % K₂CO₃, and 34 mol % K₂MoO₄; E ₃: 710°C, 23 mol % KBO₂, 43 mol % K₂CO₃, and 34 mol % K₂WO₄. The specific heats of melting of the eutectics were determined.     

Solubility in the Na2Cr2O7-(NH4)2Cr2O7-K2Cr2O7-H2O system

Solubility in the Na₂Cr₂O₇-(NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇-K₂Cr₂O₇-H₂O four-component water-salt system at 25, 50, and 75°C was studied for the first time. Phase field boundaries for individual salts and potassium and ammonium dichromate solid solutions, monovariant lines, and invariant points were determined. Experimental data were used to optimize the looped isohydric process of potassium dichromate preparation involving additional salts.     

Li2O-TiO2-SiO2-P2O5和Li2O-TiO2-Al2O3-P2O5体系锂离子固体电解质的制备及性能研究

一些具有NASICON型网格结构的固体电解质具有高的电导率和好的稳定性,NASICON的意思是Na Super Ionic Conductor[1]。当NaZr2(PO4)3中P5 被Si4 部分取代时便可以得到具有NASICON结构的Na1 xZr2SixP3-xO12体系,其具有高的钠离子电导率。然而有相同结构的Li1 xZr2SixP3-xO12体系的离子电导率却很低,这是因为Li 半径太小,而NASICON三维网格结构的离子通道太大,两者不匹配而使电导率下降[2]。但当LiZr2(PO4)3中Zr4 被离子半径小些的Ti4 取代,所得LiTi2(PO4)3的通道就与Li 半径相匹配,适合于锂离子的迁移,从而使其电导率…     

The preparation of NbH5(Me2PCH2CH2Me2)2 and NbHL2(Me2PCH2CH2PMe2)2 (L = CO or C2H4)

MMe₅(dmpe) (M = Nb or Ta, dmpe = Me₂PCH₂CH₂PMe₂) reacts with H₂ (500 atm) and dmpe in THF at 60°C to give MH₅(dmpe)_2? NbH₅(dmpe)₂ readily reacts with two mol of CO or ethylene (L) to give NbHL₂(dmpe)₂. The exchange of the hydride ligand with the ethylene protons in NbH(C₂H₄)₂(dmpe)₂ is not rapid on the ¹H NMR time scale (60 MHz) at 95°C.     

NaBO2-NaCl-Na2CO3, NaBO2- Na2CO3-NaMoO4, NaBO2- Na2CO3-NaWO4, and NaBO2-NaCl-Na2WO4 ternary systems

The phase diagrams of the NaBO₂-NaCl-Na₂CO₃, NaBO₂-Na₂CO₃-Na₂MoO₄, NaBO₂- Na₂CO₃-Na₂WO₄, and NaBO₂-NaCl-Na₂WO₄ ternary systems were studied by a calculation-experimental method and differential thermal analysis. The coordinates of ternary eutectics were determined: E ₁: 612°C, 16 mol % NaBO₂, 42 mol % NaCl, and 42 mol % Na₂CO₃; E ₂: 568°C, 12 mol % NaBO₂, 28 mol % Na₂CO₃, and 60 mol % Na₂MoO₄; E ₃: 575°C, 12 mol % NaBO₂, 32 mol % Na₂CO₃, and 56 mol % Na₂WO₄; E ₄: 628°C, 8 mol % NaBO₂, 20 mol % NaCl, and 72 mol % Na₂WO₄; and E ₅: 655°C, 9 mol % NaBO₂, 53 mol % NaCl, and 38 mol % Na₂WO₄.     

Li2SO4-Na2SO4-H2O和Li2SO4- K2SO4-H2O溶液的体积性质

本文用高精度数字式振荡管密度计测定了288K至318K温度范围内Li₂SO₄ + Na₂SO₄ + H₂O和 Li₂SO₄ + K₂SO₄ + H₂O三元体系的密度。混合溶液的离子强度范围从0.1到4.5 mol.kg_–1,混合溶液中Na₂SO₄和K₂SO₄的离子强度分数为0.2,0.4,0.6和0.8。用密度实验值拟合得到了不同温度下Pitzer离子相互作用模型混合参数θ_V和 ψ_V,模型的计算值与实验值的偏差在±0.002 g.cm_–3以内。用Pitzer模型计算了不同离子强度下三元体系的混合体积。     

(H2NC4H8NCH2CH2NH2)(HNCH2CH2NH2)3Zn2Ge2Se8: A new,templated one-dimensional ternary semiconductor stabilized by mixed organic cations

The novel, 1D semiconductor (H₂NC₄H₈NCH₂CH₂NH₂)(HNCH₂CH₂NH₂)₃Zn₂Ge₂Se₈ has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions using N-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine as solvent and templating agent at 200 °C. The material was characterized by single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, IR and Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The compound consists of 1D anionic [Zn₂Ge₂Se₈]⁴⁻ chains made of alternating edge-shared [ZnSe₄] and [GeSe₄] tetrahedra that charged balanced by one N-(2-aminoethyl)piperazinium and three piperazinium cations. The optical properties were investigated with solid state UV–Vis/near IR spectroscopy and the results show that the solid is a medium gap semiconductor with an absorption edge at 1.8 eV.     

Polymorphism in the Sc2Si2O7-Y2Si2O7 system

This paper examines the structural changes with temperature and composition in the Sc₂Si₂O₇-Y₂Si₂O₇ system; members of this system are expected to form in the intergranular region of Si₃N₄ and SiC structural ceramics when sintered with the aid of Y₂O₃ and Sc₂O₃ mixtures. A set of different compositions have been synthesized using the sol-gel method to obtain a xerogel, which has been calcined at temperatures between 1300 and 1750 °C during different times. The temperature-composition diagram of the system, obtained from powder XRD data, is dominated by the β-RE₂Si₂O₇ polymorph, with γ-RE₂Si₂O₇ and δ-RE₂Si₂O₇ showing very reduced stability fields. Isotherms at 1300 and 1600 °C have been analysed in detail to evaluate the solid solubility of the components. Although, the XRD data show a complete solid solubility of β-Sc₂Si₂O₇ in β-Y₂Si₂O₇ at 1300 °C, the ²⁹Si MAS-NMR spectra indicate a local structural change at x ca. 1.15 (Sc_2−xY_xSi₂O₇) related to the configuration of the Si tetrahedron, which does not affect the long-range order of the β-RE₂Si₂O₇ structure. Finally, it is interesting to note that, although Sc₂Si₂O₇ shows a unique stable polymorph (β), Sc³⁺ is able to replace Y³⁺ in γ-Y₂Si₂O₇ in the compositional range 1.86?x?2 (where x is Sc_2−xY_xSi₂O₇) as well as in δ-Y₂Si₂O₇ for compositions much closer to the pure Y₂Si₂O₇.     

Synthesis and characterization of inorganic solid electrolytes of Li2O-SiO2-P2O5 and Li2O-TiO2-SiO2-P2O5 systems

The lithium-ion-conducting inorganic solid electrolytes in the oxide systems Li₂O-SiO₂-P₂O₅ and Li₂O-TiO₂-SiO₂-P₂O₅ were prepared by the solid-state reaction, and the electrolyte pellet made by cold-pressing method had diameter of 13 mm and was about 1 mm thick. Phase identification and surface morphology of the products were carried out by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Ionic conductivity of the pellets was investigated through ac impedance. The results show that the adding of other cations can improve the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte, and the sintering temperature and duration can influence the ionic conductivity. The maximum ionic conductivity in the samples is 9.9 × 10⁻⁴ S/cm in the Li₂O-TiO₂-SiO₂-P₂O₅ system. Original Russian Text ? W. Li, M. Wang, Z.H. Li, X.F. Shang, H. Wang, Y.W. Wang, Y.B. Xu, 2007, published in Elektrokhimiya, 2007, Vol. 43, No. 11, pp. 1341–1345.     

Tl2S-Sb2S3-Bi2S3 quasi-ternary system

The Tl₂S-Sb₂S₃-Bi₂S₃ quasi-ternary system (system A) was studied using DTA, X- ray powder diffraction, microstructure examination, and microhardness measurements. TlSbS₂-Tl₄Bi₂S₅(TlBiS₂, Bi₂S₃), Sb₂S₃-TlBiS₂, Tl₃SbS₃-TlBiS₂(Bi₂S₃), and [TlSb_0.5Bi_0.5S₂]-Tl₂S isopleths; isothermal sections at 500 K; and liquidus surface projection of system A were constructed. Characteristic features of the title system are extensive fields of solid solutions extended along the TlSbS₂-TlBiS₂ quasi-binary section and a continuous solubility belt 1–2 mol % wide extended along the Sb₂S₃-Bi₂S₃ binary subsystem. Primary separation fields of phases and the types and coordinates of invariant and monovariant equilibria in system A were determined.