微波法制备SO_4~(2-)_/TiO_2催化剂及其光催化氧化性能

采用微波法、混合加热法和常规加热法制备 SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2催化剂 ,运用 XRD、 BET、 DRS及 LRS光谱测定等技术对催化剂的结构进行了表征 ,并以光催化降解 C2H4为模型反应考察了不同制备方法对催化剂的光催化氧化反应性能的影响 .研究结果表明 ,微波法制备的 SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2催化剂的光催化氧化性能得到明显改善 ,对乙烯转化率为 80％ ,而混合加热法和常规加热法制备的样品乙烯转化率分别为 58％和 41％ .微波辐射制备的催化剂锐钛矿相含量高、比表面积大 ,光吸收阈值增大;并且拉曼散射光谱向低波数方向移动 ,有助于增加光致电子的跃迁几率 ,提高多相光催化过程的本征量子效率 .     

C2H4的微波场助气相光催化氧化

用溶胶－凝胶法制备了多孔性TiO2和SO4^2-/TiO2催化剂,对其结构进行了表征,并以C2H4为模型反应物考察了微波对催化剂的光催化氧化反应性能的影响。在微波场中TiO2和SO34^2-/TiO2催化剂的光催化氧化性能得到明显改善,无微波场时乙烯转化率分别为20％（TiO2)和41％（SO4^2-/TiO2),而在微波辐射和紫外光的同时作用下乙烯转化率分别提高到27％和62％,SO4^2-／TiO2催化剂的微波场助效应更为显著。     

SO2－4 表面修饰对TiO2结构及其光催化性能的影响

采用溶胶 凝胶法制备了TiO2和/TiO2催化剂.运用XRD、BET比表面测定、IR和DRS光谱等技术对催化剂进行了表征,并以光催化氧化分解溴代甲烷作为模型反应,考察了上述催化剂的光催化反应性能及其反应条件对光催化活性的影响.结果表明,表面修饰使得催化剂的结构和光催化性能显著改善,催化剂表面形成具有超强酸性质的L酸和B酸协同中心.与TiO2相比,/TiO2光催化剂的锐钛矿含量高、晶粒小、BET比表面积大、孔径分布集中、光谱吸收边蓝移,具有优异的光催化氧化活性、稳定性及抗湿性能.     

SO_4~(2_)表面修饰对TiO_2结构及其光催化性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了 TiO2和 /TiO2催化剂 .运用 XRD、 BET比表面测定、 IR和 DRS光谱等技术对催化剂进行了表征 ,并以光催化氧化分解溴代甲烷作为模型反应,考察了上述催化剂的光催化反应性能及其反应条件对光催化活性的影响 .结果表明 ,表面修饰使得催化剂的结构和光催化性能显著改善 ,催化剂表面形成具有超强酸性质的 L酸和 B酸协同中心 .与 TiO2相比 ,/TiO2光催化剂的锐钛矿含量高、晶粒小、 BET比表面积大、孔径分布集中、光谱吸收边蓝移 ,具有优异的光催化氧化活性、稳定性及抗湿性能 .     

微波加热制备泡沫镍负载La3+掺杂纳米TiO2及其光催化降解甲醛的性能

 采用常规加热和微波加热方法制备了两种泡沫镍负载La3+掺杂的纳米TiO2光催化剂,以甲醛光催化降解为模型反应,考察了制备方法和掺杂La3+对催化剂催化性能的影响,并采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、 X射线衍射和能量分散式光谱分析对催化剂进行了表征. 结果表明,微波加热法制备的纳米TiO2具有典型的锐钛矿型晶体结构,其粒径均匀且明显小于常规加热法制备的催化剂. 泡沫镍负载1.5%La3+掺杂的TiO2的光催化性能得到明显改善,反应90 min后甲醛的降解率仍达到93%. 在实验中发现催化剂有失活现象,但经简单清洗后其活性能够恢复.     

微波-光催化耦合效应及其机理研究

采用溶胶 凝胶法制备了TiO2和/TiO2催化剂，运用XRD、BET比表面积测定及微波吸收谱等技术对催化剂的结构进行了表征，并以C2H4为模型反应物考察了微波对催化剂的光催化氧化反应性能的影响.研究结果表明，在微波场中TiO2和/TiO2催化剂的光催化氧化性能得到明显改善.时间分辨紫外 可见吸收谱证实微波场的存在有效地提高了催化剂对紫外光的吸收率.因此，微波场与紫外光的耦合使光催化活性提高的可能原因是微波场对多缺陷催化剂的极化作用,提高了光致电子的跃迁几率，并在半导体表面形成陷阱中心,降低了电子 空穴对的复合率.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备复合MxOy-TiO2光催化剂

以无机盐TiCl4为原料制备TiO2溶胶,并利用溶胶胶粒修饰法制备SiO2 TiO2、ZrO2 TiO2、WO3 TiO3、MoO3 TiO2及Pt/TiO2光催化剂,用于光催化氧化甲醛反应,考察添加物对 催化剂光催化性能的影响.其中,SiO2 TiO2催化剂的光催化氧化降解甲醛性能最好,而MoO3 TiO2的催化性能最差.SiO2 TiO2催化剂优良的光催化性能可归于SiO2 TiO2催化剂的高 比表面积,高空隙率,小晶粒粒径和强吸光性能等性质的综合影响.     

微波辐射对TiO2制备及其光催化氧化乙醛性能的影响

采用微波辐射与常规加热法由TiO₂溶胶制备出TiO₂催化剂，采用高频低功率微波-光催化装置考察了微波对两种催化剂上CH₃CHO光催化氧化转化率和产物分布的影响。结果表明，微波干燥制备的TiO₂晶体比普通加热制备的TiO₂晶体对乙醛有更高的光催化活性和更强的氧化能力，且它们对乙醛光催化氧化的途径不同，前者的初始中间体为甲醛和甲酸，后者的初始中间体却为乙酸。还发现，微波辐射对两种样品上乙醛的光催化转化率有不同的影响，对微波辐射法所制样品的影响比对常规加热法所制样品的影响显著。微波辐射通过场效应可加速光催化初始中间体的转化，但它不改变光催化反应的途径，反应途径取决于光催化剂的特性。     

Pt/TiO_2催化剂的制备及其在氨催化氧化中的应用

二氧化钛具有优良的光催化性能,以其为载体通过光催化还原沉积可在其表面实现单质金属活性组分负载.选择二氧化钛颗粒为载体,通过紫外光照射在二氧化钛颗粒表面还原沉积铂单质,形成Pt/TiO2负载型催化剂,并将该新型催化剂用于氨催化氧化反应.所制备的Pt/TiO2催化剂铂负载量减为0.2 gPt/gTiO2,比表面积增达10 m2/g.以该催化剂催化氨氧化反应,氨转化率在600~700℃即可达100%,低于目前硝酸工业中氨氧化反应温度800~900℃,也低于PtO2升华温度850℃.该催化剂经400 h连续反应,其铂载量、及催化活性均无降低,具有工业应用前景.     

微波助离子液体中纳米TiO2／PMMA复合材料的制备及光催化性能

微波加热法合成离子液体[Bmim]BF4,并以该离子液体为反应介质,在微波辐射条件下制备纳米TiO2/PMMA复合材料.用XRD,IR和TG对该复合材料进行测试和表征;并在高压汞灯下用甲基橙溶液对其进行光催化降解性能测试.结果表明,制备TiO2/PMMA复合材料的最佳条件是:离子液体1.7mL,钛酸丁酯与MMA的体积比为3.4∶1.0,微波辐射功率600W、反应温度70℃、反应时间35min.并且用[Bmim]BF4作为反应介质,能够显著提高TiO2/PMMA复合材料的光催化活性,所制备的TiO2/PMMA复合材料不需要经过高温煅烧,就表现出极高的光催化活性;TiO2负载PMMA后,复合材料的光催化活性得到了进一步的改善.该复合材料对甲基橙的降解率在1.5h就可达到98.4%,其活性明显优于未负载的纳米TiO2催化剂.     

具有可见光催化活性的Ag_3PO_4/NaNbO_3复合材料的合成与表征

采用共沉淀法制备了Ag_3PO_4/NaNbO_3复合半导体光催化剂,利用X-射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、紫外漫反射和扫描电镜等方法对合成样品进行表征.测试了样品对亚甲基蓝溶液的光催化降解活性,复合材料的催化活性远高于单体的Ag_3PO_4和NaNbO_3.     

有序介孔材料H6P2W18O62/TiO2(Brij-76)的制备与微波增强光催化降解一氯苯

采用非离子表面活性剂C18H37(OCH2CH2)10OH(Brij-76)作为模板剂, 在以杂多酸H6P2W18O62对TiO2掺杂改性基础上, 通过模板-溶胶-凝胶-程序升温溶剂热一步法在较低温度下制备了有序复合介孔材料H6P2W18O62/TiO2(Brij-76). 通过傅立叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱, X射线衍射(XRD), 扫描电子显微镜(SEM), 能量色散X射线(EDX), N2吸附-脱附测定和NH3程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)等手段对其进行了表征. 结果表明, 以非离子表面活性剂Brij-76为模板剂制得的复合材料H6P2W18O62/TiO2(Brij-76)平均孔径约为3.31 nm, BET比表面积为99.78 m2·g-1. 与TiO2相比, 其孔径有序性大幅度提高, 粒子的聚集度降低, 表面酸性显著增加. 微波增强光催化性能研究结果显示, H6P2W18O62/TiO2(Brij-76)在微波作用下催化活性更高, 可有效地降解一氯苯溶液.     

复合材料K_8[Fe(H_2O)CdW_(11)O_(39)]/PANI/ZrO_2的制备、表征及光催化性能

采用静电自组装法制备了复合材料K_8[Fe(H_2O)CdW_(11)O_(39)]/PANI/ZrO_2.运用UV,IR,XRD,SEM-EDS和N_2吸附-脱附的检测手段对其进行了表征,并以该化合物作为催化剂,研究了其对孔雀石绿溶液的光降解情况.通过实验确定最佳的光降解条件:孔雀石绿溶液的初始浓度为25mg/L,孔雀石绿溶液的初始pH值为2,K_8[Fe(H_2O)CdW_(11)O_(39)]/PANI/ZrO_2的用量为0.05g.在最佳的条件下,孔雀石绿溶液的脱色率可达98.68%.因此,K_8[Fe(H_2O)CdW_(11)O_(39)]/PANI/ZrO_2是一种光催化性能良好的复合材料.     

TiO2-石墨烯光催化剂：制备及引入石墨烯的方法对光催化性能的影响

利用溶胶-凝胶法原位制备了二氧化钛/石墨烯(TiO2-GE)复合光催化剂,研究了纯TiO2以及不同方法制备的TiO2-GE复合光催化剂对亚甲基蓝及罗丹明B光催化降解性能。结果表明:石墨烯的引入提高了TiO2的光催活性,这主要是得益于石墨烯优异的电子传输性能及较好吸附特性。不同方法制备TiO2-GE复合催化剂的光催化活性也存在较大差别。原位制备的TiO2-GE复合光催化剂表现出最佳的光催化活性。     

Microwave‐Hydrothermal Preparation and Visible‐Light Photoactivity of Plasmonic Photocatalyst Ag‐TiO2 Nanocomposite Hollow Spheres

Visible‐light‐driven plasmonic photocatalyst Ag‐TiO₂ nanocomposite hollow spheres are prepared by a template‐free chemically‐induced self‐transformation strategy under microwave‐hydrothermal conditions, followed by a photochemical reduction process under xenon lamp irradiation. The prepared samples are characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, N₂ adsorption‐desorption isotherms, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV/Vis and Raman spectroscopy. Production of ?OH radicals on the surface of visible‐light illuminated TiO₂ was detected by using a photoluminescence method with terephthalic acid as the probe molecule. The photocatalytic activity of as‐prepared samples was evaluated by photocatalytic decolorization of Rhodamine B (RhB) aqueous solution at ambient temperature under visible‐light irradiation. The results show that the surface plasmon absorption band of the silver nanoparticles supported on the TiO₂ hollow spheres was red shifted, and a strong surface enhanced Raman scattering effect for the Ag‐TiO₂ nanocomposite sample was observed. The prepared nanocomposite hollow spheres exhibits a highly visible‐light photocatalytic activity for photocatalytic degradation of RhB in water, and their photocatalytic activity is higher than that of pure TiO₂ and commercial Degussa P25 (P25) powders. Especially, the as‐prepared Ag‐TiO₂ nanocomposite hollow spheres at the nominal atomic ratio of silver to titanium ( R ) of 2 showed the highest photocatalytic activity, which exceeds that of P25 by a factor of more than 2.     

表面增强拉曼光谱法同时检测奶粉中三聚氰胺和二聚氰胺

本文建立了奶粉中同时检测三聚氰胺及二聚氰胺的表面增强拉曼光谱法.奶粉样品经15％三氯乙酸溶液提取,中性氧化铝吸附杂质后进行拉曼光谱检测.三聚氰胺线性范围为0.0050～0.075 mg/L,检出限为0.0015 mg/L,回收率在79.5％～124％之间,相对标准偏差小于8.8％(n=5);二聚氰胺线性范围为0.50～l0mg/L,检出限为0.15 mg/L,回收率在76.5％～112％之间,相对标准偏差小于9.4％(n=5).该方法相比常规表面增强拉曼光谱法,仅通过一种样品前处理手段即可对奶粉中的三聚氰胺或二聚氰胺进行定性检出及定量分析,相比色谱等检测方法具有样品前处理过程简单、耗时短等优点,在奶粉质量监控方面具有良好的应用前景.     

金属改性煤基石墨烯复合材料的制备及其光催化性能

石墨烯由于其大的比表面积和良好的电子传输特性,在光催化领域具有巨大的应用潜力。本文通过水热法原位合成制备得到CuO/TiO₂/煤基石墨烯复合材料（CTG）,采用XRD、SEM、TEM等手段对样品结构、形貌等进行了表征和分析;进而以CuO/TiO₂/煤基石墨烯复合材料为光催化剂,在可见光条件下还原CO₂制备甲醇以考察其光催化性能。结果表明,CuO/TiO₂/煤基石墨烯复合材料具有良好的光催化活性,当其中Cu的负载量为2%（质量分数）时,目标产物甲醇的产率最高可达94.79 μmol/g.cat,为同样条件下单独采用煤基石墨烯作为光催化剂时甲醇产率的5倍。     

Efficient preparation of nanocrystalline anatase TiO2 and V/TiO2 thin layers using microwave drying and/or microwave calcination technique

This study has demonstrated that the synthesis of TiO₂ and V/TiO₂ thin layers may be significantly improved and extended if microwave energy is employed during the drying and/or calcination step. Thin nanoparticulate titania layers were prepared via the sol-gel method using titanium n-butoxide as a precursor. As prepared films were then analyzed by means of various characterization techniques (Raman spectroscopy, UV/Vis, AFM, XPS) in order to determine their functional properties. The photocatalytic activities of prepared layers were quantified by the decoloring rate of Rhodamine B. All thermal treatments in microwave field were done in the same manner, by using an IR pyrometer in the microwave oven and monitoring the temperature of the heating. Nevertheless the microwave and thermally prepared materials were different. This in turn may lead to differences in their functional and also photocatalytic properties.     

Microwave-assisted synthesis of BiOBr/graphene nanocomposites and their enhanced photocatalytic activity

BiOBr/graphene nanocomposites were synthesized by a green single-step microwave strategy and characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared BiOBr nanoplates and BiOBr/graphene nanocomposites for the photodegeneration of organic dyes in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation was investigated. The results show that BiOBr/graphene nanocomposites have a higher photocatalytic activity than bare BiOBr nanoplates.     

Elaboration of nano titania-magnetic reduced graphene oxide for degradation of tartrazine dye in aqueous solution

In this paper, magnetic nanocomposites are synthesized by loading reduced graphene oxide (RG) with two components of nanoparticles consisting of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and magnetite (Fe₃O₄) with varying amounts. The structural and magnetic features of the prepared composite photocatalysts were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV–vis/DRS), Raman and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The resulting TiO₂/magnetite reduced graphene oxide (MRGT) composite demonstrated intrinsic visible light photocatalytic activity, on degradation of tartrazine (TZ) dye from a synthetic aqueous solution. Specifically, it exhibits higher photocatalytic activity than magnetite reduced graphene oxide (MRG) and TiO₂ nanoparticles. The photocatalytic degradation of TZ dye when using MRG and TiO₂ for 3 h under visible light was 35% and 10% respectively, whereas for MRGT it was more than 95%. The higher photocatalytic efficiency of MRGT is due to the existence of reduced graphene oxide and magnetite which enhances the photocatalytic efficiency of the composite in visible light towards the degradation of harmful soluble azo dye (tartrazine).