阳离子型微乳液对镉（Ⅱ）—[4—（2—吡啶偶氮）—间苯二酚]的增敏作用

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵／正戊醇／正庚烷／水微乳液为介质进行Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）－ＰＡＲ江度法测定，与以相同含量ＣＴＭＡＢ胶束体系比较，测定灵敏度增加，某些试验条件更为宽容，通过测定显色剂在水胶束相和水－微乳液中的分配系数ＫＤ，初步探讨了微乳液增敏作用机理。     

微乳液增敏作用机理探讨：显色剂在微乳液中的分配系数

与胶束体系比较，显色剂ＰＮＡ和ＣＡＳ在油／水（Ｏ／Ｗ）微乳液中具有更大的分配系数，这表明Ｏ／Ｗ微乳液比胶束体系具有更好的增敏作用是因为Ｏ／Ｗ微乳液对显色剂ＰＡＮ和ＣＡＳ具有更好的增溶与富集作用所致。     

阳离子型微乳液对显色剂1—（2—吡啶偶氮）—2—萘酚的增溶作用

以光度法研究了阳离子型微乳液对显色剂１－（２－吡啶偶氮）－２－萘酚（ＰＡＮ）的增溶作用，通过测定ＰＡＮ在阳离子型ＣＴＭＡＢ／ｎ－Ｃ５Ｈ１１ＯＨ／ｎ－Ｃ９Ｈ２０微乳液中的“胶束位”ｎ和结合常数Ｋ，并与相同表面活性剂胶束体系比较，探讨了微乳液对显色剂ＰＡＮ的增溶作用。     

微乳液对显色剂1—（2—吡啶偶氮）—2—萘酚的增溶作用

１引言与胶束同属分子有序排列的微乳液具有超低界面张力和更高的增溶量，我们曾在国内外首次研究了合适的微乳液介质对光度分析具有较好的增敏作用，及讨论了其增溶、增敏作用的机理。本文利用光度法研究了微乳液对显色剂１－（２－吡啶偶氮）－２－萘酚（ＰＡＮ）的增溶作用。２实验部分２．ｌ仪器ＵＶ－２４０分光光度计（日本岛津）。２．２试验方法准确移取适量ＰＡＮ溶液于数只２５ｍＬ容量瓶中，依次加入不同量的微乳液原液或胶束溶液及５ｍＬ缓冲溶液，以相应的试剂空白，测绘一定波长范围内的吸收光谱。３结果与讨论３．１微乳液介…     

微乳液—苯基荧光酮体第吸光光度法测定痕量锗

研究了吐温－８０／正丁醇／正庚烷／水组成的非离子型微乳液对Ｇｅ（Ⅳ）与苯基荧光酮（ＰＦ）的显色反应。结果表明，微乳液对Ｇｅ（Ⅳ）－ＰＥ显色体系有较好的增敏作用。在酒石酸，氟化钠，硫脲联合掩蔽下，直接测定锅炉烟尘，枸杞子中痕量锗，结果满意。     

混合微乳液的增敏作用研究：Cd（Ⅱ）—5—Br—PADAP的分光光度测定

研究了在Ｏ／Ｗ混合微乳液ＳＤＳ－ＯＰ／ｎＣ４Ｈ９ＯＨ／ｎ－Ｃ７Ｈ１６／Ｈ２Ｏ介质中，Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）－５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ的显色反应。结果表明显色反应的灵敏度较单一的ＳＤＳ微乳液，单一的ＯＰ的微乳液，混合ＳＤＳ－ＯＰ胶束的介质中，具有更好的增敏作用和稳定性，Ｃｄ浓度在０－５μｇ／１００ｍＬ范围内符合比尔定律。方法用于废水和环境水样中微量Ｃｄ的测定，结果满意。     

非离子型微乳液对结晶紫-硅钼杂多酸光度分析的增敏作用

研究了非离子O W型微乳液OP n C5H11OH n C7H16 H2O对结晶紫 硅钼杂多酸显色体系的增敏作用。与相应的胶束体系比较,微乳液体系的测定灵敏度提高了30%。对钢样、水样、发样的测定结果令人满意。通过测定显色剂在微乳液及胶束体系中的分配系数、胶束位和结合常数探讨了非离子型微乳液对结晶紫 硅钼杂多酸显色体系的增敏作用机理。     

微乳液-SAF体系测定Cr(Ⅵ)

研究了在溴化十六烷基三甲基铵（ＣＴＭＡＢ）／正戊醇／正庚烷／水组成的阳离子型微乳液中Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）与水杨基荧光酮（ＳＡＦ）的显色反应。结果表明，微乳液对Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）－ＳＡＦ显色体系有较好的增敏作用。在ｐＨ６．７～６．９的（ＣＨ２）６Ｎ４－ＨＣｌ缓冲溶液中，经７０℃水浴加热１０～１５ｍｉｎ，Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）－ＳＡＦ在微乳液介质中形成一紫红色配合物，ε５６６达１．２３×１０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）浓度在每２５ｍＬ０～６μｇ范围内遵守比尔定律。在ＣＹＤＴＡ和ＮａＦ掩蔽下，对实际水样进行测定，结果满意。     

微乳液-1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚体系测定Cd(Ⅱ)

研究了Ｏ／Ｗ型阴离子微乳液十二烷基硫酸钠（ＳＤＳ）／正丁醇（ｎ－Ｃ４Ｈ９ＯＨ）／正庚烷（ｎ－Ｃ７Ｈ１６）／Ｈ２Ｏ对Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）与１－（２－吡啶偶氮）－２－萘酚（ＰＡＮ）显色体系的增敏增稳作用,试验结果表明,其灵敏度为ε＾５４５＝１．９３＊１０＾４Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１,与相同含水量的ＳＤＳ胶束体系（ε＾５４５＝１．１５＊１０＾４Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１）比较,其测定灵敏度显著增加,用于香烟样品分析,结果满意。     

微乳液的增敏作用研究—5—Br—PADAP分光光度测定锰（Ⅱ）

以含水量８０％的Ｏ／Ｗ型ＳＤＳ／正丁醇／正庚烷／水微乳液为介质，以５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ为显色剂，分光光度测定Ｍｎ（Ⅱ）。表观摩尔吸光系数ε５７０－１．０８×１０＾ｄ５Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－ｄ１．ｃｍ＾－１，与相同含水量的ＳＤＳ胶束体系相比，测定灵敏度有显著提高，改善了实验条件。方法用于铝合金和茶叶中Ｍｎ（Ⅱ）的测定，结果令人满意。     

Inhibition of Triton X-100／n-C5H11OH／H2O System on Hydrolysis of Cephanone

The hydrolysis of cephanone in Triton X-100 micelle and Triton X-100/n-C5H11OH/H2O(O/W) microemulsion were studied by means of UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The results show that compared with water, Triton X-100 micelle and Triton X-100/n-C5H11OH/H2O (O/W) microemulsion can inhibit the hydrolysis of cephanone. The inhibition effects of Triton X-100 micelle and Triton X-100/n-C5H11OH/H2O (O/W) microemulsion on the hydrolysis of cephanone are related to the location of cephanone in the interphases of Triton X-100 miceUes and Triton X-100/n-C5H11OH/H2O(O/W) microemulsion droplets.     

CTMAB-C5H11OH-H2O体系微乳液、液晶及其增溶特性

微乳液、液晶及其增溶作用具有重要的理论意义及应用价值,已引起重视与关注。本文研究了CTMAB-C_5H_(11)OH-H_2O体系微乳液、层状液晶及其对C_7H_(16)的增溶特性。1 实验方法十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(分析纯,简称CTMAB)、正戊醇、正庚烷,皆为分析纯,H_2O为二次蒸馏水。1.2 各向同性区域的测定先以滴定法粗略确定单相区域的相界线,然后在相界线两侧均匀选点配样,于25.0±     

Transfer and distribution of L-tryptophan between W/O and O/W, and between W/O and bicontinuous microemulsions through the study of interphase electric properties

The influence of L-tryptophan (L-Trp) on the interphase electric properties of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/n-pentanol (n-C(5)H(11)OH)/water (H(2)O) system was studied by the method of AC impedance, and the distribution of L-Trp between the microemulsion phases with different structures in SDS/n-C(5)H(11)OH/H(2)O system was determined by UV-vis spectroscopy. The results show that L-Trp transfers from the lower phase (O/W or bicontinuous) to the upper phase (W/O), and that a small amount of SDS transfers from the upper phase to the lower phase correspondingly with the increase of the total SDS content at a constant weight ratio of n-C(5)H(11)OH/H(2)O=50/50 and a total L-Trp concentration of 1.0 x 10(-4) mol/L. In addition, the concentrations of L-Trp in both the upper and lower phases increase, but the SDS content decreases slightly in the upper phase and increases appreciably in the lower phase with the increase of the total L-Trp concentration at a constant total content of SDS. The interphase capacitance and the interphase charge-transfer current of the system increase, but the interphase resistivity decreases.     

小角X衍射和ESR方法研究十二烷基磺酸钠/正戊醇/水三元体系的相结构

测定了十二烷基磺酸钠/正戊醇/水体系的相图, 小角X衍射方法测定相图中液晶区的结构。结果表明: 在一定温度下, 整个液晶区均为层状液晶; 液晶层间距随水含量的增大而增大, 随正戊醇含量的增大而减小; 液相内水的渗透率正比于水含量, 反比于正戊醇含量。ESR研究表明: 自旋标记探针分子5NS在整个液晶相中的结构参数为0.32±0.02; 油包水和水包油胶束区内探针分子运动的各向异性程度分别随着水和油含量的增多而增加。     

Interaction of methemoglobin with GDA/n-C5H11OH/water assemblies

In the present paper, we studied the interaction between n-dodecylammonium alpha-glutamate (GDA)/n-C5H11OH/H2O assemblies and methemoglobin by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron spin resonance (ESR), rheology, and freeze-fractured transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM). It is found that W/O microemulsion forms at a lower n-pentanol content and O/W microemulsion forms at a lower water content with the addition of methemoglobin. The existence of methemoglobin reduces the hexagonal liquid crystal region, while the lamellar liquid crystal region is little changed in the presence of methemoglobin. Moreover, methemoglobin and GDA/n-C5H11OH/H2O assemblies can affect their structures and properties and the change in behavior is dependent on the content of methemoglobin and the composition and structure of the GDA/n-C5H11OH/H2O system. The relationship among the changes in the structure and properties of GDA/n-C5H11OH/H2O assemblies, the content of methemoglobin, and the composition and structure of GDA/n-C5H11OH/H2O assemblies may provide some important theoretical information for elucidation of the interaction between methemoglobin and blood cell membrane and may also be helpful for the cure of some blood diseases.     

不同阴/阳离子表面活性剂复配体系的缔合结构研究

测定了十二烷基磺酸钠(AS)/十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)/正丁醇(n-C4H9OH)/正庚烷(n-C7H16)/水(H2O),十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)/十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)/正丁醇(n-C4H9OH)/正庚烷(n-C7H16)/水(H2O)体系的微乳液正四面体相图,并用电导法划分了AS/CTAB/n-C4H9OH/n-C7H16/H2O体系微乳液的结构(W/O,B.C.和O/W);同时研究AS/CTAB/n-C4H9OH/n-C7H16/H2O/盐类(NaCl,CaCl2或AlCl3)体系和SDS/CTAB/n-C4H9OH/n-C7H16/H2O/盐类(NaCl,CaCl2或AlCl3)体系形成中相微乳的盐宽,从中得出上述两体系中相微乳的盐宽随盐类阳离子价态的增大而的规律。     

The Catalysis of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate／1-Pentanol／Water W／O Microemulsion on the Photoisomerization of trans-Stilbene

The photoisomerization of trans-stilbene was studied in the water in oil (W/O) microemulsion formed by SDS (sodium dodeeyl sulfate), n-C5H11OH (1-pentanol) and H2O. The experimental results show that after 2-minute UV-irradiation, the yield of cis-stilbene is higher in W/O mieroemulsion than in homogeneous solvent-n-C5H11OH.     

CTAB/n-C5H11OH/H2O体系对青霉素G钾盐水解的抑制作用

微乳液是由表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、水、油等组成的各向同性、低粘度的热力学体系［１］,在生物、环境及其相关领域有着十分重要的应用［２］．近年来,以微乳液为微反应器进行化学反应已引起重视［３－１０］青霉素是一种很重要的抗生素药物,它在阴暗干燥的空气中较...     

维生素C在CTAB／n—C5H11OH／H2O体系中的增稳作用

在ＣＴＡＢ／ｎ－Ｃ５Ｈ１１ＯＨ／Ｈ２Ｏ体系中，维生素Ｃ存在于Ｏ／Ｗ、Ｗ／Ｏ液滴的内侧，Ｃ５Ｈ１１ＯＨ则存在于液滴的外侧，阻碍渗透进入膜相中的水与维生素Ｃ的接触，从而在幅芳降低了维生素Ｃ在水体系中的氧化程度，提高了其稳定性，Ｏ／Ｗ、Ｗ／Ｏ微乳液对维生素Ｃ分子艇的机理亦从层状液晶对其增稳作用中得到证明。