悬浮液进样-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定花粉中微量元素

提出了不使用稳定剂,直接用蒸馏水制成花粉样品的悬浮液进样,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定花粉中微量元素的方法.用三氯化镧和氯化铯消除干扰,在磁力搅拌下进样,应用标准加入法在同一溶液中用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铜、铁、锰、锌、铅、镉、钙、镁、钾、钠等10种元素含量.方法的回收率在92.5%～112.5%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.24%～1.50%之间,并以高温灰化法的测定值为参考对测定结果进行F检验和t检验,发现两者无显著性差异,说明悬浮液进样法的测定结果准确可靠.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定煤矸石中铜的样品前处理技术改进

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了煤矸石中Cu的含量.研究了实验预处理技术、消解体系的控制选择及仪器条件的优化,建立了相应的原子吸收光谱测定方法.方法的RSD在1%~3%之间,加标回收率达到96.5%~104%.     

原子吸收光谱法测定丹参及其近缘种中痕量元素

丹参及其近缘种样品用硝酸-高氯酸混合酸(体积比4比1)浸泡过夜,加热消解.在优化的仪器工作条件下,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定所制得样品溶液中钙、镁、铁、锰、铜和锌的含量,并用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)测定其中的钼、铅、铬及镉的含量.测定铅及镉时,用磷酸二氢铵作基体改进剂,而测定铬时,用抗坏血酸作基体改进剂.10种元素的检出限(3S/N)均小于0.26μg·g-1,测定钙、镁、铁、锰、铜和锌时,测得其回收率在99.0%～103.6%之间,其相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.54%～1.77%之间;测定钼、铅、铬和镉时,其回收率在100.O%～108.0%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.02%～1.9%之间.     

微波消解样品-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定人发中10种微量元素

0.200 0g人发试样经5.0mL硝酸和1.0mL过氧化氢消解,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定其中钙、铁、锌、锰、铜、铅、镉、钴和镍的含量,用氢化物发生-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定硒的含量。测定钙时,加入镧溶液,以消除共存物的干扰。用10种元素的标准溶液制作了各自的标准曲线,所得线性回归方程的相关系数在0.998 5～0.999 9之间,检出限(3σ)为0.002～0.009mg.L-1之间。以人发样品为基底,加入一定量10种元素的标准溶液做回收试验,得到回收率在95.6%～103.5%之间。     

微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定蜂胶中铅

提出了石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定蜂胶中铅含量的方法,样品采用微波消解,用磷酸二氢铵基体作为改进剂,方法的精密度(n=7)在1.1%～1.3%之间,回收率在91.8%～101.9%之间。     

微波消解试样-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定中药八月札中5种金属元素

于PTFE消解罐中用浓硝酸于微波炉中消解八月札试样,所得试样的稀硝酸溶液用于火焰原子吸收光谱法测定其中的铁、铜、锌、锰、钙的含量.5种金属元素的回收率在90.0%～102.6%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)为0.47%～2.19%之间.     

微波消解样品-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定小叶黄杨木中金属元素

采用微波法消解样品,用火焰原子吸收光谱法分别测定了小叶黄杨木不同部位的钙、镁、铁、铜、锌、锰和钴含量,以及该植物对不同金属元素吸收情况.7种金属元素的线性回归方程的相关系数在0.996～0.999之间,各元素平均加标回收率在94.0%～109.5%范围,相对标准偏差(n=5)为2.1%～6.6%.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定海产品中镉含量

采用固体进样-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定海产品中镉的含量。以1.0 g·L^-1硝酸铅溶液为基体改进剂,灰化温度为950℃,原子化温度为1 900℃。镉的进样量在0.05～0.2 ng之间与其吸光度呈线性关系,检出限（3s）为0.015 ng。应用此法分析了海产品样品,加标回收率在60.0%～90.0%之间,测定结果与液体进样-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定结果基本一致。     

微波消解-原子吸收光谱法测定槐花和大黄中微量元素

采用微波消解-火焰原子吸收光谱法和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定了中药槐花和大黄中铜、铁、锌、镉、铬和铅。研究了槐花和大黄的微波消解试剂和消解条件。在原子吸收光谱测定的最佳条件下测定槐花和大黄中铜、铁、锌、镉、铬和铅。方法的回收率在89．2％～112．0％之间。     

氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定萤石粉中砷

提出了以氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定萤石粉中砷的方法,研究了酸介质、还原剂、载气流量等因素对测定的影响,并选择出最佳工作条件.砷的检出限为0.052μg·g-1,线性范围为0.10～6.00 μg·L-1,回收率在90.0%～102.0%之间,相对标准偏差为9.8%.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.