BaB_2O_4-K_2O和BaB_2O_4-K_2B_2O_4赝二元系相图的研究

用X射线衍射和差热分析方法研究了BaB_2O_4-K_2O和BaB_2O_4-K_2B_2O_4赝二元系的相平衡关系。BaB_2O_4-K_2B_2O_4属共晶体系,共晶温度为850±3℃,共晶点成分为45mol％K_2O。在BaB_2O_4-K_2O赝二元系中,一新化合物5BaB_2O_4·3K_2O在903±3℃同成份熔化,它与BaB_2O_4形成共晶体系,共晶温度为813±3℃,共晶点成分为25mol％ K_2O。另一新化合物在860±3℃由包晶反应形成,并与K_2O形成共晶体系,共晶温度为788±3℃,共晶点成分约为67.5mol％K_2O。     

Li_2SO_4—Li_2B_2O_4,Li_2SO_4—(NH_4)_2SO_4赝二元系相图及离子导电性研究

本文用差热分析和X射线衍射方法对Li_2SO_4-Li_2B_2O_4和Li_2SO_4-[NH_4]_2SO_4两个赝二元系相图进行了研究。Li_2SO_4-Li_2B_2O_4是共晶体系,共晶温度为720℃,共晶点在含75mol％Li_2SO_4处。在Li_2SO_4-[NH_4]_2SO_4体系中只有一个包晶化合物LiNH_4SO_4,它在186℃附近有一个固态相变。 研究了Li_2BO_4晶态和非晶态及Li_2SO_4-(NH_4)_2SO_4体系中三种不同成分样品的离子导电性,发现在400℃以下非晶态Li_2B_2O_4的电导率比晶态至少高两个数量级,而且电导激活能大大降低。Li_2NH_4SO_4高温相电导激活能为0.12eV,而室温相为0.70eV.含Li_2SO_440mol％的样品(即LiNH_4SO_4和[NH_4]_2SO_4二相混合物)在高温相的电导率比纯LiNH_4SO_4高约两个数量级,这表明在一种离子晶体中加入适量的另一种离子晶体,可以使前者的电导率大幅度提高。     

Defect structure of Cu2+ center in K2SO4‒Na2SO4‒ZnSO4 glasses

The spin Hamiltonian parameters (g factors g _//, g _⊥ and hyperfine structure constants A _//, A _⊥) of Cu²⁺ in K₂SO₄?Na₂SO₄?ZnSO₄ glasses are calculated from the high-order perturbation formulas of 3d⁹ ion in tetragonal octahedral sites. The calculated results are in agreement with the observed values. Since the EPR parameters are sensitive to the local structure of a paramagnetic impurity center, the defect structure of Cu²⁺ center in K₂SO₄?Na₂SO₄?ZnSO₄ glasses is estimated. The validity of results is discussed.     

BaO-Li_2O-B_2O_3三元系中BaB_2O_4-Li_2B_2O_4和BaB_2O_4-Li_2O截面相平衡关系的研究

本文用X射线和差热分析方法对BaO-Li_2O-B_2O_3三元系中的两个截面:BaB_2O_4-Li_2B_2O_4和BaB_2O_4-Li_2O作了研究。在BaB_2O_4-Li_2B_2O_4赝二元系中发现了一个新的化合物4BaB_2O_4·Li_2B_2O_4。化合物在930±3℃由包晶反应形成,并与Li_2B_2O_4形成共晶反应。共晶温度为797±3℃,共晶点组分为79mol％Li_2B_2O_4。在BaB_2O_4-Li_2O截面中也存在化合物4BaB_2O_4·Li_2B_2O_4,其包晶反应温度从930±3℃随Li_2O含量增加下降到908±3℃。在组分60mol％Li_2O处形成另一个新的化合物2BaB_2O_4·3Li_2O。该化合物在630±3℃也是由包晶反应形成,并与Li_2O和Li_2CO_3分别形成共晶反应,共晶温度分别为400±3℃和612±3℃。在BaB_2O_4-Li_2B_2O_4和BaB_2O_4-Li_2O体系中都没有观察到固溶体。 用计算机程序分别对化合物4BaB_2O_4·Li_2B_2O_4和2BaB_2O_4·3Li_2O的X射线粉末衍射图案进行了指标化,其结果:4BaB_2O_4·Li_2B_2O_4的空间群为Pmma,a=13.033,b=14.630 ,c=4.247,每个单胞包含两个化合式单位;2BaB_2O_4·3Li_2O的空间群为Pmmm,a=4.814,b=9.897,c=11.523,每个单胞也含有两个化合式单位。     

Deflected light structure in NaNH4SeO4·2H2O crystals

Deflection of light studies in function of temperature in NaNH₄SeO₄·H₂O crystal is presented. At 180?K, this compound undergoes a para-ferroelectric/ferroelastic phase transition of the second order. It changes the symmetry from the orthorhombic symmetry class 222 (space group P2₁2₁2₁) to the monoclinic symmetry class 2 (space group P2₁). A distinct deflection pattern, resulting from the ferroelastic domain structure, occurs in the low temperature phase. The intensity of deflected beams varies considerably with temperature. Detailed studies revealed the structure of deflected spots during cooling–heating cycle. These spots change intensity, become more dispersed and finally split with decreasing temperature. Moreover, a variation of deflection angles was observed. A possible explanation of these phenomena is given in a framework of crystals optics.     

与偏振无关双向2×2和4×4自由空间光开关

利用成熟的偏振控制技术,设计了一种由偏振光分束器、相位型空间光调制器和反射镜构成的2×2光开关,该光开关所用器件少,具有结构简单紧凑、控制灵活方便、功能实现与信号光的偏振态无关以及可以双向交换等特点;在此基础上通过2×2光开关的串连,设计了一种与偏振无关的双向4×4光开关的实验模块,根据其路由选择与控制方法,得到了4×4光开关实现信号光全排列无阻塞输出与交换对应的路由状态表,并对该实验模块的功能实现进行了详细的分析与讨论。     

Superionic phase transition in (NH4)2SeO4·2NH4HSeO4 single crystal at 378 K

Abstract

DTA, structural and electric conductivity investigations were made for (NH₄)₄H₂(SeO₄)₃ single crystals. A high-temperature phase transition at 378 K to a superionic phase was found. The phase is characterized by a high electrical conductivity (～4.10^?3 Ω^?1 cm^?1) and a low activation energy (0.11 eV).     

Li_4GeO_4-Zn_2GeO_4赝二元系相图的研究

本文用差热分析和X射线衍射的方法对Li_4GeO_4-Zn_2GeO-4赝二元系相图进行了研究。结果指出,文献中所报道的锂离子导体Li_(14)Zn(GeO_4)_4不是化合物,而是含Zn_2GeO_4的以Li_4GeO_4为基的固溶体,由于Zn_2GeO_4的加入,使Li_4GeO_4的高温相稳定存在于室温。根据研究结果,提出了关于Li_(14)Zn(GeO_4)_4多晶陶瓮样品在室温长期放置后,电导率明显降低的解释。     

Equation of state and structural characterization of Cu4I4{PPh2(CH2CH = CH2)}4 under pressure

Combined high pressure single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments and ab initio simulations based on the density functional theory have been performed on a copper(I) iodide cluster formulated [Cu₄I₄{PPh₂(CH₂CH?=?CH₂)}₄] under high pressure up to 5?GPa. An exhaustive study of compressibility has been done by means of determination of isothermal equations of state and structural changes with pressure at 298?K taking advantage of the single crystal is more precise than powder X-ray diffraction for this type of experiments. It allows us to report the evidence of the existence of an isostructural phase transition of second order at 2.3?GPa not detected so far.     

Oscillation conditions of cw simultaneous dual-wavelength Nd：YAG laser for transitions 4F3／2-4I9／2 and 4F3／2-4I11／2

The operating condition of a cw simultaneous dual-wavelength Nd:YAG laser for both {}^4F_{3/2}-{}^4I_{9/2} (quasi-three-level system) and {}^4F_{3/2}-{}^4I_{11/2}(four-level system) transitions is studied. According to this condition, the cw simultaneous dual-wavelength at 1.06μm and 946 nm in Nd:YAG crystal has been realized experimentally through an adaptive coating design of the cavity mirrors. A total power output of 2.5W of the dual-wavelength at 946nm and 1.06μm has been achieved with an optical conversion efficiency 14.3%. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.     

4 Ag ↔2 Eg Transition of Mn4+ in Cs2TiF6: MnF6 2-

We report and interpret the ⁴ A_2g ?² E_g absorption, emission, linear dichroism, MCD and MCE of the MnF₆ ^2- octahedra at sites of D_3d symmetry in single crystals of Cs₂TiF₆. The spectra show many sharp features but a simplified calculation using cubic basis functions successfully accounts for all of the major features and much of the detailed structure. The electronic levels are not split by the trigonal field in first order but trigonal distortion splits the three-fold degenerate v ₆(t_2u ) vibration of the octahedron into a two-fold degenerate v ₆(e_u ) and a non-degenerate v ₆(a_1u ) vibration and these two vibrational modes give rise to the features 213 cm^-1 and 246 cm^-1 from the zero-phonon line respectively. Similarly the v ₄(t_1u ) vibration is split into a v ₄(a_2u ) and v ₄(e_u ) vibration and give the features at 313 cm^-1 and 340 cm^-1 respectively.

Several transitions involving two or more quanta of vibration are clearly seen in the emission and MCE spectrum. At an energy shift of greater than 700 cm^-1 from the zero-phonon transition these features are found to consist of progressions in the v ₁(a_1g ) breathing mode and the v ₂(e_g ) two-fold degenerate Jahn-Teller active mode. This structure can again be explained, with one exception, in terms of a calculation which assumes cubic basis functions. The exception is the reversal in sign of the MCE at a frequency v ₆(e_u ) + v ₂(e_g ) compared with that at v ₆(e_u ) which is not fully understood.     

E.P.R. study of γ-irradiated single crystals of K2C2O4.H2O and (NH4)2C2O4.H2O

The electron paramagnetic resonance of γ-irradiated single crystals of K₂C₂O₄.H₂O and (NH₄)₂C₂O₄.H₂O has been studied. The spectra show interesting microwave power saturation effects. The singlet spectrum is attributed to the C₂O₄ ^- radical derived from the C₂O₄ ^-- ion. The principal g-values are determined to be 1·998, 2·0028 and 2·0004. Certain weak lines are observed with different power saturation and interpreted as due to OH radicals derived from water molecules in the crystal lattice.     

Ca原子4s2-4s4p电子碰撞激发特性

基于全相对论扭曲波（RDW）电子碰撞激发计算程序REIE06,系统计算了Ca原子基态3p64s2 1S0到激发态3p64s4p 3P0,1,2 1P1精细结构能级的碰撞截面,总结了在不同入射电子能量下碰撞截面的变化规律。目前计算中,细致考虑了电子关联效应和Breit相互作用,计算结果与已有的理论计算进行比较,对实验值的相对误差较小。     

Ca原子4s~2-4s4p电子碰撞激发特性

基于全相对论扭曲波电子碰撞激发计算程序REIE06,系统计算了Ca原子基态3p~64s~(21)S_0到激发态3p~64s4p~3P_(0,1,2)~1P_1精细结构能级的碰撞截面,总结了在不同入射电子能量下碰撞截面的变化规律.目前计算中,细致考虑了电子关联效应和Breit相互作用,计算结果与已有的理论计算进行比较,对实验值的相对误差较小.     

Magnetic circular dichroism and absorption spectra of d° tetrahedral oxyanions and thioanions: MoS4 2-, MoO4 2-, WS4 2-, ReS4 -, VS4 3-, VO4 3- and OsO4

Absorption and magnetic circular dichroism spectra have been measured for the tetrahedral d° ions MoS₄ ^2-, MoO₄ ^2-, WS₄ ^2-, ReS₄ ^-, VS₄ ^3-, VO₄ ^3- and OsO₄ in the visible and ultra-violet spectral range. Comparison of the experimentally obtained MCD parameters with regard to their relative signs leads to the conclusion that probably the first two allowed longest wavelength electronic transitions of all these species have the same assignment (i.e., t ₁ →2e and 3t ₂ →2e, which seems likely on energetic grounds). An estimation of the MCD parameters by using eigenvectors from recently published molecular orbital treatments gave contradictory results.     

Ti(SO4)2水热法制纳米SO2-4/TiO2光催化剂的光谱研究

以Ti(SO4) 2 水溶液为前驱物 ,尿素为沉淀剂 ,采用水热沉淀 加热分解 浸渍烧结法制备纳米SO2 -4/TiO2 固体超强酸光催化剂 ,并用XRD ,BET ,FTIR ,DRS和FS等对中间态粒子和产物进行表征 ,以光催化降解罗丹明B为模型反应 ,筛选制备SO2 -4/TiO2 光催化剂的优化条件。结果表明 ,用Ti(SO4) 2 为前驱物 ,水热法能在较低的温度、弱碱性介质中 ,得到纳米锐钛矿型TiO2 晶体 ;在 30 0℃下控制焙烧 4h ,基本能使水热反应副产物 (NH4) 2 SO4等分解 ,又避免H2 SO4大量的流失 ;SO2 -4负载量和烧结时间是影响SO2 -4/TiO2 光催化活性的主要因素 ,当SO2 -4负载量 11%、烧结温度 4 5 0℃时 ,制备的SO2 -4/TiO2 光催化剂活性较高 ,达P 2 5光催化剂的水平     

Sm2-xCexCuO4的物性研究

制备了Sm2-xCexCuO4的多晶样品.X-射线粉末衍射结果表明,该系列样品为K2NiF4214结构,当0.090.17时,为T'相.电阻率测量在0.15,0.17,0.19样品上观测到超导转变.最高Tc对应于x=0.17为13.6K,均远低于(Pr0.8La1.2)1.85Ce1.2CuO4 的超导转变温度(30K).这是由于该系列样品在远高于超导转变温度时就存在更强的载流子局域化效应.磁化率测量结果表明x=0.17的样品为体超导.该体系样品的Tc低、抗磁信号小与载流子的强局域化效应有关.热电势测量结果表明,在最佳超导组份附近斜率改变符号,欠掺杂区域载流子为电子型,过掺杂区域载流子为空穴型.     

K_2AgF_4和Cs_2AgF_4的电子结构和磁性（英文）

采用第一性原理计算我们研究了Jahn-Teller(JT)畸变诱导下K2AgF4和Cs2AgF4中的轨道有序和磁性.K2AgF4的基态是层内反铁磁态(AFM2),此时最近邻的Ag2+磁矩互为反平行,而它们的轨道则是相互平行的.Cs2AgF2+4的基态是层间反铁磁态(AFM1),同一AgF2层中的Ag2+磁矩相互平行,与近邻的AgF2层中Ag磁矩互为反平行.这两种体系磁性基态都可以用Goodenough-Kanamori规则进行很好的解释.