酸雨中痕量锌的流动注射在线富集及HCL—ICP—AFS测定

用８－羟基喹啉作螯合剂，在ｐＨ７．０时酸雨中锌形成的螯合物可被活性炭富集柱定量吸附，实现了流动注射在线富集的目的，为ＩＣＰ－ＡＦＳ测定酸雨中的痕量金属离子提供了一种在线富集手段，用建立的方法对厦门地区的酸雨进行了测定，结果与ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法相吻合。     

自适应平方根卡尔曼滤波法校正ICP－AES光谱干扰的研究

自适应平方根卡尔曼滤波法校正ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ光谱干扰的研究李划新，朱明华，邵济才（华东理工大学分析测试中心上海２００２３７）关键词自适应平方根卡尔曼滤波，ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ，光谱干扰光谱干扰是ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ分析中不可忽视的问题，特别对光谱复杂物测定时更为严...     

FI－ICP－AES在线稀释间接测定表面活性剂─十二烷基苯磺酸钠

基于十二烷基苯磺酸钠（ＤＢＳ）与无机钠盐在无水乙醇中溶解度的差异，用乙醇选择提取ＤＢＳ，经水适当稀释，通过用ＦＩ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定其中的钠，从而间接测定ＤＢＳ的含量。     

8－羟基喹啉纤维微柱分离富集ICP－AES测定多种痕量元素

制备了８－羟基喹啉纤维滤纸片，作为微柱填充物，同时富集了九种痕量元素，并分离了样品中的高盐组分。富集后的痕量组分采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ）测定，回收率为９０％～１０２％。     

磷酸三丁酯—钛—钽试剂第三相的形成与应用

本文研究了强酸性介质中，磷酸三丁酯萃取体系（ＴＢＰ．ＨＡ）第三相的形成条件；探讨了ＴＢＰ．ＨＡ对钛的萃取行为；建立了ＨＣｌＯ４－Ｈ２ＳＯ４介质中，利用ＴＢＰ．ＨＡ第三相萃取，然后用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ温室痕量钛的方法。结果表明，由于第三相体积小，对钛有较高的富集倍数，降低了分析的检出限，用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ检测，可以消除基体及其他大部分元素对测定的干扰，测定钛的回收率在９７％－１０１％。利用本法对钢样标准物     

FIA活性碳纤维在线富集水样中痕量元素及ICP－AES检测

本文研究了新型吸附材料－活性碳纤维的在线分离富集特性，用ＦＩ活性碳纤维填充的锥形柱，实现痕量金属元素Ｚｎ、Ｐｈ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｏ、Ｃｄ、Ｍｎ的在线富集。经ＨＮＯ３洗脱后．由ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ检测，测定速率达３０样／ｈ，检出限（ｎｇ／ｍＬ）分别为：０．４（Ｚｎ）、４．０（Ｐｈ）．０．９（Ｎｉ）、０．４（Ｃｏ）、０．４（Ｃｄ）、０．７（Ｍｎ），富集柱可使用多次。     

ICP－AES测定钯－钡合金中常量钡

本文采用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法测定钯－钡合金中常量钡。考察了基体及无机酸的存在对钡发射线强度的影响。采用标准曲线法对含量分别为０．５９％和２６．０４％的两个试样进行了测定，结果满意。     

电热蒸发进样电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ETV－ICP－AES）联用技术研究

本文采用国产部件组装了一套ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ仪器体系，对装置的连接及操作参数进行优化。深入系统地考察了分析物的蒸发过程和传输过程，提出了难熔元素的蒸发和传输机理。研究了ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ中基体效应，提出了以聚四氟乙烯为氟化剂，氟化辅助ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定难熔元素的新方法，应用于环境和生物标样中痕量元素分析，获得满意结果。     

微波溶样—ICP—AES法测定人发标准物质中15种超痕量稀土元素的研究

本文采用微波溶样，不经分离富集，直接用标准加入ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ法，测定人发标准物质１５种超痕量稀土。选择了最佳样品预处理条件和测定的最佳仪器参数。     

氟化电热蒸发／电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱中的基体效应研究

本文系统研究了氟化电热蒸发／电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ）测定难熔元素的基体效应。与常规气动雾化（ＰＮ）－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ中的基体效应比较，氟化ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ中的基体效应更小。对难熔基体元素，由于基体和待测元素与氟化剂之间的竞争反应，随着基体浓度的增加，待测元素谱线强度降低；对常见基体元素，由于热循环中基体与待测元素之间的选择挥发，对待测元素的蒸发和传输过程无明显影响     

Influence of intrinsic defects on the properties of zinc oxide

The effects of oxygen vacancies and zinc interstitials on the structure and energy of zinc oxide were studied with the semiempirical MO method MSINDO. Cyclic clusters were chosen as model systems. Single and multiple removal of oxygen atoms and zinc interstitials in zinc oxide served to determine the defect formation energy and the band gap. The interaction between two and three oxygen vacancies was investigated. The vacancies cause a decrease of the band gap, which originates from an occupied defect level. This is also found for zinc interstitials under zinc rich conditions. The defect formation energy of such zinc interstitials is found to be lower than that of oxygen vacancies at 0 K but decreases for oxygen vacancies and increases for zinc interstitials with increasing temperature.     

Isotopic dilution analysis of zinc in some tissue samples of urogenital systems of rats using 65Zn

Zinc plays an important role in prostate functions. For this reason, in this study some rats have been nourished with foods containing different zinc levels and some tissue samples removed at different intervals of time from their prostate, testis, and seminal vesicle. The zinc contents of these samples have been determined using the isotopic dilution analysis technique applied with ⁶⁵Zn. In this way, the zinc contents of tissues varying between 0.02–4.50 μg Zn/g wet tissue could be determined with good precision. As a result, the zinc content of the prostate was found to be considerably high with respect to the zinc contents of the testis and the seminal vesicle. It is also interesting to note that a high zinc level in foods results in the accumulation of zinc in the prostate rather than in the testis and the seminal vesicle. The zinc content of the seminal vesicle decreases with a function of time passed from the beginning of the diet which contrasts with the case of prostate. It is also very remarkable that when the level of zinc in the body is low, the content of zinc in the testis is considerably higher.     

124例缺锌儿童补锌疗效观察

对１２４例１￣５岁缺锌儿童进行补锌疗效观察，结果表明，患儿身高、体重及症状体征均有明显改善，治疗总有效率达７８．１％，提示补锌４￣６周并配合饮食治疗，即可对缺锌引起的一系列病变有非常明显的疗效。     

电解液流速对锌镍单液流电池性能的影响

通过电化学测试、 扫描电子显微镜观察和X射线衍射分析研究了电解液流速、 电流密度和锌沉积面容量三者关系及对锌镍单液流电池充放电性能和负极锌沉积形貌的影响. 结果表明, 锌沉积面容量是影响锌镍单液流电池充放电效率和负极锌沉积形貌的最主要因素, 电解液流速不宜过高或过低. 随着锌沉积面容量的增大, 电池的充放电效率和循环稳定性对电流密度的变化更为敏感, 适宜的电解液流速范围变窄. 锌沉积面容量在25 mA·h/cm²以上, 锌沉积皆呈海绵状. 在较低锌沉积面容量下, 电解液流速也较低时, 海绵锌沉积较为均匀致密. 而在高的锌沉积面容量下, 海绵状锌沉积的团簇和颗粒变大, 不均匀性加重, 仅在适中的电解液流速(7.1 L/min)下, 锌沉积部分致密规整, 电池具有较好的充放电性能.     

电解液流速对锌镍单液流电池性能的影响简

通过电化学测试、扫描电子显微镜观察和X射线衍射分析研究了电解液流速、电流密度和锌沉积面容量三者关系及对锌镍单液流电池充放电性能和负极锌沉积形貌的影响. 结果表明,锌沉积面容量是影响锌镍单液流电池充放电效率和负极锌沉积形貌的最主要因素,电解液流速不宜过高或过低. 随着锌沉积面容量的增大,电池的充放电效率和循环稳定性对电流密度的变化更为敏感,适宜的电解液流速范围变窄. 锌沉积面容量在25 mA·h/cm2以上,锌沉积皆呈海绵状. 在较低锌沉积面容量下,电解液流速也较低时,海绵锌沉积较为均匀致密. 而在高的锌沉积面容量下,海绵状锌沉积的团簇和颗粒变大,不均匀性加重,仅在适中的电解液流速(7.1 L/min)下,锌沉积部分致密规整,电池具有较好的充放电性能.     

Coordination number of zinc ions in the phosphotriesterase active site by molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics

We have run several molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on zinc-containing phosphotriesterase (PTE) with two bound substrates, sarin and paraoxon, and with the substrate analog diethyl 4-methylbenzylphosphonate. A standard nonbonded model was employed to treat the zinc ions with the commonly used charge of +2. In all the trajectories, we observed a tightly bound water (TBW) molecule in the active site that was coordinated to the less buried zinc ion. The phosphoryl oxygen of the substrate/inhibitor was found to be coordinated to the same zinc ion so that, considering all ligands, the less buried zinc was hexa-coordinated. The hexa-coordination of this zinc ion was not seen in the deposited X-ray pdb files for PTE. Several additional MD simulations were then performed using different charges (+1, +1.5) on the zinc ions, along with ab initio and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, to evaluate the following possibilities: the crystal diffraction data were not correctly interpreted; the hexa-coordinated zinc ion in PTE is only present in solution and not in the crystal; and the hexa-coordinated zinc ion in PTE is an artifact of the force field used. A charge of +1.5 leads to a coordination number (CN) of 5 on both zinc ions, which is consistent with the results from ab initio and DFT calculations and with the latest high resolution X-ray crystal structure. The commonly used charge of +2 produces a CN of 6 on the less buried zinc. The CN on the more buried zinc ion is 5 when the substrate/inhibitor is present in the simulation, and increases to 6 when the substrate/inhibitor is removed prior to the simulation. The results of both of the MD and quantum mechanical calculations lead to the conclusion that the zinc ions in the PTE active site are both penta-coordinated, and that the MD simulations performed with the charge of +2 overestimate the CN of the zinc ions in the PTE active site. The overall protein structures in the simulations remain unaffected by the change in zinc charge from +2 to +1.5. The results also suggest that the charge +1.5 is the most appropriate for the molecular dynamics simulations on zinc-containing PTE when a nonbonded model is used and no global thermodynamic conclusion is sought. We also show that the standard nonbonded model is not able to properly treat the CN and energy at the same time. A preliminary, promising charge-transfer model is discussed with the use of the zinc charge of +1.5.     

锌含量对Zn/HZSM-5催化剂性能的影响

 研究了不同锌含量的Zn／HZSM－5分子筛的表面酸性及其对正己\r\n烷芳构化反应的催化活性、选择性和稳定性．结果表明,锌组元的引入\r\n减少了HZSM－5表面的B酸,增加了L酸,总酸量增大;正己烷转化率随\r\n锌含量的增加先降低后升高;芳烃产率和芳构化选择性则随锌含量的增\r\n加先增大后趋于平缓;反应过程中催化剂的积炭速度、孔体积和比表面\r\n积下降速度都随着锌含量的增加而加快;锌含量大于1％时,Zn／HZSM\r\n－5的催化稳定性不如HZSM－5,且随着锌含量的增加失活速度加快．优\r\n选的锌含量为1．0％～2．9％．此外,讨论了Zn／HZSM－5的催化性能\r\n与其表面性质的关系．     

低锌小儿的血红蛋白与微量元素锌、铁相互作用的探讨

通过对缺锌小儿服用锌剂和铁剂后发锌和外周血血红蛋白变化,研究了锌剂与铁剂在体内的相互作用。结果表明,低锌小儿贫血发生率与健康儿童无异,常规锌剂治疗对血红蛋白无明显影响。提示缺锌小儿合并贫血时可同时用常规剂量的锌剂和铁剂治疗,无锌、铁在体内相互拮抗问题。     

营养不良儿血锌浓度的调查研究

取79例营养不良小儿血20μL，用国产MP-1型溶出分析仪．以极谱法检测其血锌浓度．按1985年全国9省城区儿童生长发育衡量数值，用WZR-EA型电脑评价营养不良程度．结果表明，44．3％的营养不良儿缺锌，营养不良程度与缺锌率成正比，6月龄至3岁营养不良儿最易缺锌，纯母乳喂养，按时合理添加辅食是预防婴幼儿缺锌的重要方法。微量血锌测定法简便易行，可推广试用．     

THE CONDENSED PHOSPHATES AS INHIBITORS OF THE ZINC-ENZYME CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II

The mobilization of the zinc ion from the zinc enzyme BCA II by the condensed phosphates pyrophosphate (PP), tripolyphosphate (TPP), and higher polyphosphate (HPP) induces the inhibition of the enzymatic activity. The chelating capacity increases with the ligand concentration and with the length of the polyphosphatic chain. The activity is restored when the polyphosphate is hydrolyzed, becoming incapable of chelating the zinc ion, which is able to reform the zinc enzyme.