康托洛维奇-里茨杂交法及其应用

本文将Kantorovich法与Ritz法进行适当组合,吸收了二者的主要优点,提出了康托洛维奇法的一种改进方法.以二维问题为例,Kantorovich法在一个方向(例如y方向)的分布完全预先选定,这含有很大的主观任意性,因而限制了近似解的精度,改进法则在y方向仿Ritz法改进为一个含有若干个自由参数的分布函数,由于增加了近似解的自由度,故可改善解的精度.对Kantorovich法的另一改进是在计算高阶近似解时,通过逐项求解待定函数避免了求解更高阶微分方程或含更多方程的方程组,减少了计算量,降低了计算难度.用改进法求解了固体力学里的矩形截面柱体扭转问题和四边固支矩形板的弯曲问题,通过算例充分说明了此方法的特点和优越性.     

用伪应力函数法求解幂硬化材料柱体的扭转问题

本文引用伪应力函数使得幂硬化材料的任意形状等截面柱体和变直径圆截面柱体扭转问题的定解方程具有弹性柱体扭转问题的相应形式,从而可用类似于求解弹性柱体扭转的方法或直接利用已知的弹性解答求解对应的幂硬化材料柱体的扭转问题,本文用这种方法求得了幂硬化材料椭圆截面柱体及含球形空腔的圆轴扭转问题的解析解。     

用伪应力函数法求解幂硬化材料柱体的扭转问题

本文引用伪应力函数使得幂硬化材料的任意形状等截面柱体和变直径圆截面柱体扭转问题的定解方程具有弹性柱体扭转问题的相应形式,从而可用类似于求解弹性柱体扭转的方法或直接利用已知的弹性解答求解对应的幂硬化材料柱体的扭转问题,本文用这种方法求得了幂硬化材料椭圆截面柱体及含球形空腔的圆轴扭转问题的解析解。     

ON THE STVENANT FLEXURE FOR CROSS SECTIONS OF A SERFIES OF SYMMETRICAL AIRFOLLS

本文讨论一系列对称翼截面柱体的弯曲问题,柱体空端锁甲外力的方向与主题的对称面垂直.这问题一般可简化为寻找三个平面挑和函数,其中两个函数给出边界值,另一函数给出边界上法向的微商.我们设法将这些调和函数的边界值表达为複变函数的实数或虚数部分,这样所得的复变函数在柱体截面内常会表现有奇异点.本方法中的一个重要内容为：如何削去这些奇异点.本文求得问题的精确普遍解,其中含一个参数,可用来调节截面的厚度.本文最后给出一个例子,阐明求应力函数、扭转厚度及湾区中心的步骤,给出受扭转和弯曲时沿截面边界上剪切的分布情况.     

对矩形截面杆弹性自由扭转的探讨

利用柱体扭转问题的经典弹性力学解析解，结合自编电算程序绘制了沿截面控制线 上剪应力的分布图,同时利用ANSYS有限元分析软件模拟了等直矩形截面杆的自由扭 转问题. 将各种材料力学教材中的截面剪应力分布图与准确计算结果进行了比较，并 对截面剪应力分布规律进行了总结.     

用边界元法求一般截面的弯曲中心

使用Saint-Venant弯曲理论,将一般截面柱体的横向弯曲问题,归结为解两个同类型的边界积分方程,并用此求得了柱体的弯曲函数和附加扭转函数,在此基础上,可用边界元法确定一般截面的弯曲中心。最后为了说明方法的应用,给出了一个数值算例。     

含楔形变截面梁静力分析的传递矩阵法求解

<正> 对于阶梯状变截面梁,其内力和变形的传递矩阵法求解,在文[1]中已有论述.但对于工程上常用到的含有楔形的变截面梁及加腋梁,若用一阶梯状梁来近似,仍采用等截面梁的传递矩阵进行计算,则不但计算工作量增加,而且只能得到近似解.笔者通过对楔形梁基本微分方程的推导,得到了楔形梁的传递矩阵,使在对含有线性变化截面梁段及等截面梁段进行传递矩阵法求解时,计算工作量减少,而且得到的解相当精确.     

质量比对D形截面柱体流致振动的影响

利用涡激振动进行海流能收集的VIVACE装置是新能源领域的研究热点.应用FLUENT软件采用k-ωSST湍流模型和Newmark-β法,通过数值模拟探究了四个质量比(2, 5, 7和10)在迎流角90°下D形截面柱体的流致振动响应,系统分析了D形截面柱体在横流向上的振动幅值、频率、平衡位置偏移量、尾涡脱落模式以及能量转化效率.所模拟的雷诺数范围为288～2880,对应的约化速度为2～20.结果表明,质量比对D形截面柱体流致振动的影响明显,质量比会改变D形截面柱体流致振动的响应分支.质量比越大, D形截面柱体进入驰振对应的约化速度越低;质量比增大, D形截面柱体平衡位置偏移量相对减小.随着约化速度的增大, D形截面柱体出现了涡激振动、涡激振动-驰振及完全驰振等响应分支.在所模拟的范围内, D形截面柱体高能量转化效率出现在涡激振动分支,而不是在驰振分支;在质量比为10且约化速度为4.5时,一级能量转化效率达到最大值44%.相关研究可为VIVACE装置的振子选型提供参考.     

关于任意四边形截面柱体扭转问题

文献[1]提出通过一个映射变换来求解任意四边形截面柱体扭转问题,本文证明了这是不可能的,并且指出用类似的方法求解任意三角形截面柱体扭转问题也是不可能的.     

机翼截面柱体的弯曲和扭转问题

本文研究了一系列变厚度的对称机翼截面柱体的圣维南弯曲和扭转问题.机翼截面柱体悬空端所加外力的方向与柱体的对称面垂直,且通过重心.这类问题一般会产生弯曲和扭转.对称机翼的尾角一般用2η0(=π/2k)表示,其中k为调整机翼厚度的参数。当k=1时,文献求出了问题的解;当k=2时,文献只得到了问题的扭转函数;当k等于任意正整数时,林同骥在1956年的国际力学会议上宣读了他的研究结果;但这个研究结果,仍未使问题彻底解决.例如,尾角在45°>η0>22.5°,22.5°>η0>15°,…π/4k>η0>π/4(k 1),…,的范围内就不能解决. 为此本文研究了当k等于任意正有理数时问题的精确解.本文最后给出例子,并作出沿截面边界上的剪切应力分布图;同时指出文献[1]、[2]和[3]的结果都是本文结果的特例.     

插值摄动法及其在力学中的应用

本文研究了最高阶导数乘以小参数，或出现奇点的微分方程的定解问题，用插值摄动法求得了一级近似解，它和通常的奇异摄动法（匹配法、多尺度法）的一级近似解的精度相同。     

The motion of a sphere with weak nutation on a rough horizontal plane

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Analysis of nonlinear large deformation problems by boundary element method

In this paper, the author deduces an approximate solution of nonlinear influence function in rate form for two-dimensional elastic problems on current configuration by the method of comoving coordinate system.Here BEM formulation of large deformation based on Chen’s theory[1] is given. The computational processes of nonlinear boundary integral equation is discussed. The author also compiles a nonlinear computing program NBEM. Numerical examples show that the results presented here is available to the solution of engineering problems.     

The more general displacement solutions for the plane elasticity problems

In this paper,the author obtains the more general displacement solutions for theisotropic plane elasticity problems.The general solution obtained in ref.[1 ]is merelythe particular case of this paper,In comparison with ref.[1],the general solutions ofthis paper contain more arbitrary constants.Thus they may satisfy more boundaryconditions.     

ON EXACT SOLUTION OF KÁRMÁN’S EQUATIONS OF RIGID CLAMPED CIRCULAR PLATE AND SHALLOW SPHERICAL SHELL UNDER A CONCENTRATED LOAD

It is extremely difficult to obtain an exact solution of von Karman’s equations because the equations are nonlinear and coupled. So far many approximate methods have been used to solve the large deflection problems except that only a few exact solutions have been investigated but no strict proof on convergence is presented yet. In this paper, first of all, we reduce the von KÁrmÁn’s equations to equivalent integral equations which are nonlinear, coupled and singular. Secondly the sequences of continuous function with general form are constructed using iterative technique. Based on the sequences to be uniformly convergent, we obtain analytical formula of exact solutions to von Karman’s equations related to large deflection problems of circular plate and shallow spherical shell with clamped boundary subjected to a concentrated load at the centre.     

An investigation of random choice method for three‐dimensional steady supersonic flows

In this paper, an unsplit random choice method (RCM) is developed and applied to numerically solve three‐dimensional supersonic steady flow problems. In order to keep the contacts (slip surfaces) crisply resolved, a new Lagrangian formulation is employed. Due to the lack of exact solutions to 3D Riemann problems, approximate Riemann solutions in the weak sense are adopted. The RCM is thus as efficient as the deterministic TVD schemes, and yields almost identical results in the model problems. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Motion of a liquid containing gas bubbles

In this paper a class of models of continuous media is constructed whose free energy depends on the density, the rate of change of density, and the temperature. Conditions at discontinuities in such models are found. A Kogarko model for a mixture of liquid with gas bubbles is obtained. Moreover, the propagation of small disturbances is investigated. In the third and fourth sections exact solutions are found for the problems of nonsteady and steady motion of a mixture of liquid and bubbles in a tube.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 6, pp. 111–116, November–December, 1971.The author thanks L. I. Sedov for guidance and valuable advice.     

Application of the perturbation method in mechanics of deformable solids

Although the solutions of the classical problems of continuum mechanics have been studied sufficiently well, the smallest deviations, for example, of the body boundary or of the material characteristics from the traditional values prevent one from obtaining exact solutions of these problems. In this case, one has to use approximate methods, the most common of which is the perturbation method. The problems studied in [1–6] belong to classical problems in which the perturbation method is used to study the behavior of deformable bodies. A wide survey of studies analyzing the perturbations of the body boundary shape caused by variations in its stress-strain state is given in [5, 6]. In numerous studies, it was noted that the problem on the convergence of approximate solutions and hence the studies of the continuous dependence of the solution of the original problem on the characteristics of perturbations (“imperfections”) play an important role. In the present paper, we analyze the forms of mathematical models of deformable bodies by studying whether the solution of the original problem continuously depends on the characteristics of the perturbed shape of the body boundary on which the boundary conditions are posed in terms of stresses and on the characteristics of the material properties. We use the results of this analysis to conclude that, when using the perturbation method, one should state the boundary conditions in terms of stresses on the boundary of the real body in stressed state.     

A Modified Perturbation Technique Depending Upon an Artificial Parameter

In this paper, a modified perturbation method is proposed to search for analytical solutions of nonlinear oscillators without possible small parameters. An artificial perturbation equation is carefully constructed by embedding an artificial parameter, which is used as expanding parameter. It reveals that various traditional perturbation techniques can be powerfully applied in this theory. Some examples, such as the Duffing equation and the van der Pol equation, are given here to illustrate its effectiveness and convenience. The results show that the obtained approximate solutions are uniformly valid on the whole solution domain, and they are suitable not only for weak nonlinear systems, but also for strongly nonlinear systems. In applying the new method, some special techniques have been emphasized for different problems.