工字形截面剪应力计算探讨

对工字形截面上最大剪应力精确公式进行简化分析，提出了剪应力近似公式，该公式计算方便，精度较好，实用性强     

空间曲梁单元的扭转修正系数研究

三维空间曲梁有限单元模型是模拟曲梁结构的有效数值方法,可以考虑曲梁的弯扭耦合特性,最为符合曲梁的几何和受力特征.由于有限元法采用梁理论的平截面假定,空间曲梁单元上的扭转剪应力分布与实际曲梁截面上的扭转剪应力不同,从而会导致扭转刚度和扭转变形的计算失真.本文基于剪切应变能等效原理,推导了不同长宽比的矩形截面空间曲梁单元的扭转刚度修正系数η和截面边中点处扭转剪应力的修正系数λ,并采用曲线悬臂梁进行了验证.验证结果表明,根据本文提出的η作为校正因子的空间曲梁单元模型,对任意矩形截面曲梁计算的扭转变形均与实体单元模型的结果吻合良好;且只有截面为正方形时,扭转剪应力修正系数η才恰好与弯曲剪应力修正系数(1.2)一致.     

剪力对楔形变截面双模量梁弯曲应力的影响

推导出了楔形矩形变截面双模量梁的截面高度表达式,利用静力平衡方程确定了楔形矩形变截面双模量梁弯曲时的中性层位置,得到了楔形矩形变截面双模量梁的弯曲剪应力计算公式.在考虑剪切变形影响的基础上,利用楔形矩形变截面双模量梁的弯曲剪应力计算公式,推导出了楔形矩形变截面双模量梁弯曲正应力计算公式.通过算例分析,讨论分析了楔形矩形变截面双模量梁的楔度比、剪力、长高比等对矩形截面双模量梁弯曲正应力的影响.研究结果表明:随着楔度比的增大,楔形矩形变截面梁弯曲拉、压正应力绝对值逐渐减小.当矩形截面双模量梁的长高比小于一定比值,剪力会对楔形矩形变截面双模量梁弯曲正应力产生较大的影响.得到了拉压弹性模量相差较大的情况,采用经典材料力学理论进行楔形矩形变截面双模量梁的弯曲应力计算分析是不合适的,应该采用双模量材料力学理论对梁弯曲应力进行分析计算的结论.     

边缘水平缝隙梁剪应力的有限元分析

1.引言 由于构造、制作或其它种种原因,梁的截面边缘可能出现水平缝隙(裂缝)。截面受到缝隙分割的影响,使剪应力的分布变得十分复杂,缝隙面上不存在剪应力,而剪应力沿梁的宽度上也不是均匀分布的。在这种情况下,材料力学计算剪应力(τ=VQ/Ib)的公式已不适用。为了求得水平缝隙梁截面中的剪应力分布,建议应用叠加原理将边缘水平缝隙梁中的     

膜-基复合材料界面剪应力的三维半解析计算

 采用影响系数法对膜-基复合材料的界面剪应力三维半解析进行 了分析研究.利用三维有限元方法对薄膜的影响系数进行了计算. 将 基体作为半无限大体，利用其平面边界作用单位力时的位移场解析 解，得到基体的影响系数. 结果表明，对膜-基复合材料界面剪应力 进行三维半解析计算，克服了完全用三维有限元对其进行计算的限 制，为该类问题的分析提供了新的途径.     

也谈矩形截面梁剪应力公式推导

也谈矩形截面梁剪应力公式推导罗开彬（重庆建筑大学，重庆６３００４５）文献［１］对矩形截面梁剪应力公式在变剪力情况下进行了推导，文献［２］对该推导提出了质疑，对此笔者也谈点粗浅的看法．材料力学中，该公式是在无分布荷载梁段（即剪力Ｑ＝ｃｏｎｓｔ）的情况下...     

也谈矩形截面梁剪应力公式推导

也谈矩形截面梁剪应力公式推导罗开彬（重庆建筑大学，重庆６３００４５）文献［１］对矩形截面梁剪应力公式在变剪力情况下进行了推导，文献［２］对该推导提出了质疑，对此笔者也谈点粗浅的看法．材料力学中，该公式是在无分布荷载梁段（即剪力Ｑ＝ｃｏｎｓｔ）的情况下...     

我看“矩形截面梁剪应力计算公式的严格推导”

我看“矩形截面梁剪应力计算公式的严格推导”薛福林（哈尔滨工业大学，哈尔滨１５０００６）文［１］给出一个在梁的剪力不是常量时弯曲剪应力公式的推导，并认为这个推导是严格的。笔者认为该文的推导存在矛盾。该文在假定剪力、弯矩和剪应力都是截面位置坐标的函数时，...     

我看“矩形截面梁剪应力计算公式的严格推导”

我看“矩形截面梁剪应力计算公式的严格推导”薛福林（哈尔滨工业大学，哈尔滨１５０００６）文［１］给出一个在梁的剪力不是常量时弯曲剪应力公式的推导，并认为这个推导是严格的。笔者认为该文的推导存在矛盾。该文在假定剪力、弯矩和剪应力都是截面位置坐标的函数时，...     

开口厚壁截面短构件的约束扭转1）

为了分析开口厚壁截面短构件的约束扭转问题,采用统一分析梁模型与有限节线法,对T形和L形厚壁截面短构件约束扭转时横截面的翘曲和应力分布情况等问题进行了分析研究.算例计算结果表明：开口厚壁截面短构件存在与其横截面形心位置不一致的扭转（弯曲）中心,构件在不过扭转中心的外力作用下会产生弯扭耦合变形,其横截面将产生不均匀翘曲,横截面上的翘曲正应力和扭转剪应力均呈非线性分布.     

大学物理《力学》中的自由度分析

对《力学》中的物体自由度进行多方面分析,以深化教学、提高学生正 确分析物理问题的能力.使用实际教学分析的研究方法,在《力学》范围内讨论自由度与坐标、 自由与约束的关系并得以下结论: (1) 同一物体的自由度随其所在的``空间'不同而不同, 不因坐标系的选取不同而 异, 在同类参考系中不因参考系的动静而有别;(2)自由度遵循叠加原理. 讨论了质点系的总自由度及相关计算问题,并指出研究《力学》中自由度的意义.     

Development and design of new methods of measurement of state of strain of structures

The present paper deals with development and design of new methods utilizing Wiedemann's effect for determination of state of strain in building structures. Wiedemann's effect and some features of torsional strain of magnetic field are the basis of new experimental method. Especially the point electromagnetic strain gages using the effect of pure torsion of electromagnetic field to enable universal examination. For strain-gage measurements, almost all physical quantities are used which can be related to the variation in length of the structures. From the electric strain measurements, the most commonly used methods are the measurements by resonance-wire strain gages or by electric-resistance strain gages. In this paper, electromagnetic strain gages are discussed using the Wiedemann effect, and the author describes some new measuring equipment and his own suggestions and methods based on an application of this effect.     

Calculation of aerodynamic characteristics of arrays of profiles of arbitrary shape

It is well known that the problem on nonseparating potential flow of an incompressible fluid about an array of profiles reduces to an integral equation for a certain real function, determined on the contours of the profiles of the array. As such a function one can take, as was done, for instance, in [1–5], the relative velocity of the fluid on the profiles of the array. For arrays of profiles of arbitrary shape it is necessary to solve the corresponding integral equation numerically. In the particular examples of the calculation of aerodynamic arrays that are available [1–3] the numerical methods used were based on the approximate evaluation of contour integrals by rectangle formulas. As investigations showed, sizeable errors arose thereby in the approximate solution obtained, these being especially significant in the case of curved profiles of relatively small bulk. In the present paper a method for the numerical solution of the integral equation obtained in [5] is proposed. The method is based on the replacement of a profile of the array with an inscribed N polygon, the length of whose sides is of the order N^–1 and whose internal angles are close to . Convergence with increasing N of the numerical solution to an exact solution of the integral equations at the reference points is demonstrated. Examples of the calculation are given.Novosibirsk. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR. Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 2, pp. 105–112, March–April, 1972.     

Method of constructing estimates of the solution of equations of filtration of an aerated liquid

The exact solutions of the nonlinear equations of filtration of an aerated liquid have been obtained in [1–3]. In [4] the system of equations of an aerated liquid have been reduced to the heat-conduction equation under certain assumptions. An approximate method of computing the nonsteady flow of an aerated liquid is given in [5], where the real flow pattern is replaced by a computational scheme of successive change of stationary states. In [6] the same problem is solved by the method of averaging. In the present article estimates of the solution of the equations for nonstationary filtration of an aerated liquid in one-dimensional layer are constructed under certain conditions imposed on the desired functions. These estimates can be used as approximate solutions with known error or for the verification of the accuracy of different approximate methods. We note that the use of comparison theorem for the estimate of solutions of equations of nonlinear filtration is discussed in [7–9]. The methods of constructing estimates of solutions of various problems of heat conduction are given in [10, 11]