原位合成分子筛多孔层毛细管柱的制备与性能考察

在毛细管内壁,原位合成了Ｎａ－Ａ型分子筛,成功制备出一类新型分子筛多孔尾毛细管柱。和涂渍相比,原位合成法在毛细管内壁形成的分子筛层更加均匀、致密度、更能体现出分子筛对低碳烃的分离特性,实验表明用超短毛细管柱即可对低碳烃进行良好的分离。     

用于乙醇/水分离的MFI型分子筛膜

MFI型分子筛膜在分离、催化等领域具有广阔的应用前景,受到了国内外学者的普遍关注。全硅的MFI型分子筛膜具有很强的疏水性,表现出优良的乙醇/水混合物分离性能。本文综述了用于该体系渗透汽化分离的MFI型分子筛膜的研究进展,详细阐述了合成方法(原位水热合成法和晶种法)、不同类型的载体、合成液的原料及配方、合成条件(温度及时间)和焙烧条件对所制备的MFI型分子筛膜的分离性能的影响,归纳了实验研究和理论模拟对该体系分离机理的探讨,并介绍了其对膜制备的指导作用。在深入分析不同合成条件优缺点的基础上,对用于乙醇/水分离体系的MFI型分子筛膜制备的发展趋势进行了展望。     

原位聚合法制备碳十八甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物及其用作开管毛细管电色谱固定相

以十八碳醇甲基丙烯酸酯为单体、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,采用原位聚合法合成了一种新型毛细管开管柱固定相,优化了毛细管开管柱的制备参数。柱内表面的电镜图像显示其具有多孔皱褶、质地均匀的结构特征。将其应用于甲苯、乙苯、丙苯、丁苯、戊苯和己苯的分离试验中,6种化合物达到了完全分离,出峰顺序与它们的疏水性一致,表明该柱有明显的疏水色谱作用。在10 mmol/L磷酸盐(pH 8.5,含50%(v/v)乙腈)流动相、16 kV电压下,该开管柱成功地分离了4种抗癫痫类药物,柱效范围为35300~49800 塔板/m,与空柱管相比分离效果明显提高。结果表明通过本实验的原位聚合法可制备具有反相色谱作用的有机基质碳十八开管毛细管电色谱柱。     

利用原位水热合成在二氧化硅陶瓷管上制备高性能的Silicalite-1分子筛膜

 利用原位水热合成法在二氧化硅陶瓷管上成功制备出高性能的silicalite-1分子筛膜,并利用扫描电子显微镜进行了表征. 结果表明,在二氧化硅陶瓷管上合成的分子筛膜比在氧化铝陶瓷管上合成的分子筛膜具有更高的分离性能和热稳定性,说明二氧化硅载体更适合制备高性能的silicalite-1分子筛膜.     

全硅ZSM—5分子筛填充柱的制备及应用

合成了全硅ZSM-5分子筛，制备了一种新型的全硅ZSM－5分子筛填充柱，成功地在室温下进行了O2，N2分离，并利用物化色谱法，准确而快速地测定了O2,N2在全硅ZSM－5分子筛填充柱上的吸附热。     

分子筛改性气—液毛细管柱及其性能考察

以原位合成法制备的分子筛膜对玻璃毛细管内壁进行改性后，成功地制备了常规口径及大口径分配ＳＣＯＴ柱，并对毛细管柱的性能进行了评价。     

b轴取向MFI型分子筛膜二次生长合成策略及其应用

b轴取向MFI型分子筛膜因其在膜分离、膜催化反应器研究领域的重要应用引起了广泛关注。本文综述了二次生长法合成b轴MFI型分子筛膜的最新研究进展,从晶种的合成、晶种涂覆方式以及二次生长溶液的组成等方面详细总结了调控b取向MFI型分子筛膜合成的方法;比较了不同分子筛膜合成策略的优缺点,及这些合成策略对不同体系的分离效果（分离因子与通量）和催化性能的影响。本文还介绍了近年来二维（2D）分子筛和分子筛纳米片的监测与生长控制方法,自下而上直接合成纳米片与高通量、高选择性分子筛膜合成方面的最新突破。通过深入探讨各种分子筛膜制备策略,对b轴取向分子筛膜制备的发展趋势进行了展望。     

市场动态

大连化物所合成工业用A型分子筛膜不久前,中国科学院大连化物所杨维慎研究员领导的研究组采用在多孔氧化铝基体表面预涂晶种并在凝胶体系中合成的方法,合成纯度高、完整性好的NaA型分子筛膜。这种NaA型分子筛膜的H2/n-C4H10、H2/N2和O2/N2理想分离系数分别为106、20.1和2.61,具有很好的工业应用筛分效果。与广泛研究的MFI(ZSM-5和Silicalite-1)分子筛膜相比,A型分子筛的孔径接近或小于低碳烃类分子的动力学直径,所以对H2、N2和低碳烃类具有良好的分离效果。该NaA型分子筛膜已成功应用于渗透汽化脱水分离。相关成果分别发表在Journ…     

超微粒分子筛多孔层毛细管气相色谱柱的初步研制

探讨了以超微粒分子筛成功地沉积于玻璃毛细管内壁制备出新型ＰＬＯＴ柱的方法。实验证明,这种ＰＬＯＴ柱具有快速、高效、稳定和选择分离等独到特性。     

核壳型沸石分子筛的合成、表征与应用

概述了核壳型沸石分子筛的合成、表征和催化应用等方面的最新研究成果,总结了其结构特点与分类、制备方法和合成过程关键影响因素,并展望了核壳型沸石分子筛研究的发展方向和其在催化、吸附和分离方面的应用前景.根据其合成方法和两相结构类型的异同,核壳型沸石分子筛可分为三类:同晶型核壳沸石分子筛、外延共生型核壳沸石分子筛和复合型核壳沸石分子筛.     

NaA型分子筛膜的合成及分离性能的研究

在自制的片状多孔陶瓷载体上,通过多次原位水热晶化合成出ＮａＡ型分子筛膜,通过扫描电子显微镜观测,发现在某些区域,小颗粒的ＮａＡ型分子筛以非常紧密的形式畸晶孪生在一起,其致密度远好于由分子筛晶粒松散无规律堆积而形成的膜排列经类膜生长形式可能是获得取致密无缺陷型分子筛膜的一种途径,单组分及双组分气体渗透测试结果表明,在所合成的分子筛膜上,晶粒间隙孔可能是主要的膜扩散通道,可凝聚气体异丁烷因发生毛细管凝     

Gamma-Ray Irradiation to Accelerate Crystallization of Mesoporous Zeolites

Gamma-ray (γ-ray) irradiation was introduced into zeolite synthesis. The crystallization process of zeolite NaA, NaY, Silicalite-1, and ZSM-5 were greatly accelerated. The crystallization time of NaA zeolite was significantly decreased to 18 h under γ-ray irradiation at 20 °C, while more than 102 h was needed for the conventional process. Unexpectedly, more mesopores were created during this process, and thus the adsorption capacity of CO₂ increased by 6-fold compared to the NaA prepared without γ-ray irradiation. Solid experimental evidence and density function theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that hydroxyl free radicals (OH*) generated by γ-rays accelerated the crystallization of zeolite NaA. Besides NaA, mesoporous ZSM-5 with MFI topology was also successfully synthesized under γ-ray irradiation, which possessed excellent catalytic performance for methanol conversion, suggesting the universality of this new synthetic strategy for various zeolites.     

Gamma‐Ray Irradiation to Accelerate Crystallization of Mesoporous Zeolites

Gamma‐ray (γ‐ray) irradiation was introduced into zeolite synthesis. The crystallization process of zeolite NaA, NaY, Silicalite‐1, and ZSM‐5 were greatly accelerated. The crystallization time of NaA zeolite was significantly decreased to 18 h under γ‐ray irradiation at 20 °C, while more than 102 h was needed for the conventional process. Unexpectedly, more mesopores were created during this process, and thus the adsorption capacity of CO₂ increased by 6‐fold compared to the NaA prepared without γ‐ray irradiation. Solid experimental evidence and density function theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that hydroxyl free radicals (OH*) generated by γ‐rays accelerated the crystallization of zeolite NaA. Besides NaA, mesoporous ZSM‐5 with MFI topology was also successfully synthesized under γ‐ray irradiation, which possessed excellent catalytic performance for methanol conversion, suggesting the universality of this new synthetic strategy for various zeolites.     

二次生长法NaA沸石分子筛膜的合成与表征——推荐一个研究型综合实验

介绍一个研究型综合实验——二次生长法NaA沸石分子筛膜的合成与表征。实验预先利用热浸渍法在α-Al_2O_3多孔载体管外表面引入NaA沸石分子筛晶种,再通过二次生长法合成NaA沸石分子筛膜。用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪表征载体管和NaA沸石分子筛及膜的形貌和结构,并利用渗透蒸发乙醇脱水膜分离装置测试膜的分离性能。通过本实验使学生了解膜分离技术这一科学前沿领域,激发学生对科学研究的兴趣,培养学生的科研探究能力。本实验涵盖合成、表征及性能测试,知识要点多、学科覆盖面广,有利于提升学生的实践操作能力、创新意识和综合运用知识的能力。     

In situ SAXS/WAXS of zeolite microwave synthesis: NaY, NaA, and beta zeolites.

A custom waveguide apparatus is constructed to study the microwave synthesis of zeolites by in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). The WR-284 waveguide is used to heat precursor solutions using microwaves at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. The reaction vessels are designed to include sections of thin-walled glass, which permit X-rays to pass through the precursor solutions with minimal attenuation. Slots were machined into the waveguide to provide windows for X-ray energy to enter and scatter from solutions during microwave heating. The synthesis of zeolites with conventional heating is also studied using X-ray scattering in the same reactor. SAXS studies show that the crystallization of beta zeolite and NaY zeolite is preceded by a reorganization of nanosized particles in their precursor solutions or gels. The evolution of these particles during the nucleation and crystallization stages of zeolite formation depends on the properties of the precursor solution. The synthesis of NaA and NaX zeolites and sodalite from a single zeolite precursor is studied by microwave and conventional heating. Microwave heating shifts the selectivity of this synthesis in favor of NaA and NaX over sodalite; conventional heating leads to the formation of sodalite for synthesis from the same precursor. The use of microwave heating also led to a more rapid onset of NaA zeolite product crystallization compared to conventional heating. Pulsed and continuous microwave heating are compared for zeolite synthesis. The resulting rates of formation of the zeolite products, and the relative amounts of the products determined from the WAXS spectra, are similar when either pulsed or continuous microwave heating is applied in the reactor while maintaining the same synthesis temperature. The consequences of these results in terms of zeolite synthesis are discussed.     

Novel preparation of NaA/carbon nanocomposite thin films with high permeance for CO2/CH4 separation

Novel NaA/carbon nanocomposite thin films were successfully prepared on a porous a-Al2O3 substrate by incorporatingnanosized NaA zeolite into novolak-type phenolic resin.The prepared films were characterized by XRD,SEM and single gaspermeation tests.The NaA zeolite/carbon nanocomposite thin films exhibited that the ideal separation factor of CO2/CH4 was 28.4and the carbon dioxide flux was 3.39*10-7mol/(Pa m2s)at room temperature and under a pressure difference of 100 kPa,whichwas two orders of magnitude higher than that of pure carbon membrane prepared at the same procedures and conditions as those ofcomposite films.From the SEM images,the films were continuous and highly intergrown.Compared with carbon membranes,thethickness of nanocomposite films was drastically decreased,which was helpful to reduce the diffusion resistance and increase theflux of gas permeance.     

以硅藻土为硅源合成NaA分子筛及其质子传导性能研究

以硅藻土为硅源, 在Na₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂(硅藻土)-H₂O体系中, 采用水浴加热搅拌的方法在较低温度下快速合成了LTA型硅铝分子筛NaA. 通过调节温度和反应物的活性, 优化了NaA分子筛的合成过程, 实现了其在较短时间、 较低温度下的快速合成. 所合成的NaA分子筛展现出良好的质子传导性能, 在室温和100%相对湿度条件下, 其质子传导率为1.72×10^-3 S/cm, 且随着温度的升高其质子传导率逐渐增大, 在80 ℃和100%相对湿度条件下, 质子传导率可以达到5.96×10^-3 S/cm.     

Preparation and application of zeolite/ceramic microfiltration membranes for treatment of oil contaminated water

NaA zeolite microfiltration (MF) membranes were prepared on α-Al₂O₃ tube by in situ hydrothermal synthesis method and investigated for water separation and recovery from oily water. NaA/α-Al₂O₃ MF membranes with average inter-particle pore sizes of 1.2 μm, 0.4 μm and 0.2 μm were prepared. The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the inter-particle pore size distribution (PSD) was determined by gas bubble pressure method. Membranes with pore sizes of 1.2 μm (NaA1) and 0.4 μm (NaA2) were used to treat an oil-in-water emulsion containing 100 mg/L oil. Better than 99% oil rejection was obtained and water containing less than 1 mg/L oil was produced at 85 L m⁻² h⁻¹ by NaA1 at a membrane pressure of 50 kPa. Consistent membrane performance was maintained by a regeneration regime consisting of frequent backwash with hot water and alkali solution.     

有机功能化α-Al2O3陶瓷中空纤维表面合成高性能分离氢用NaA分子筛膜

通过浸渍3-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷(ADMS)对α-Al₂O₃中空纤维载体进行有机功能化改性, 使载体表面带正电, 利用NaA分子筛晶种负电性与功能化载体之间的静电吸附机理进行预涂晶种, 采用微波加热-二次生长法于载体表面合成了NaA分子筛膜. 采用X射线衍射(XRD)、zeta 电位、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析手段和气体渗透实验对NaA分子筛膜进行了表征. 考察了未改性NaA分子筛膜与改性NaA分子筛膜的形貌、结构和气体渗透性能差异. XRD结果表明载体表面只有NaA分子筛生成; zeta 电位分析表明NaA分子筛晶种及分子筛前驱体与有机功能化载体电位相反, 存在静电吸附作用; SEM结果显示改性NaA分子筛膜表面颗粒相互联结呈孪生态, 膜厚约5 μm, 膜层致密、均匀、平整; 在不同温度下对H₂、O₂、N₂和C₃H₈进行气体渗透测试,35 °C条件下改性NaA分子筛膜对H₂的渗透率仅为3.6×10^-7 mol·m^-2·s^-1·Pa^-1, 较未改性NaA分子筛膜的渗透率(4.0×10^-7 mol·m^-2·s^-1·Pa^-1)低, 而改性NaA分子筛膜的H₂/C₃H₈理想分离系数则高达11.25, 远大于未改性NaA分子筛膜的H₂/C₃H₈理想分离系数(5.06).     

NaA Zeolite Membrane with High Performance Synthesized by Vapor Phase Transformation Method

IntroductionZeolitemembranes ,asaremarkablebranchofinor ganicmembrane ,havepotentialadvantagesinmanyappli cationssuchascatalysisandseparation ,chemicalsensors ,ascousticwavedevices ,andmicroelectronicdevicesduetotheiruniformporesizeatthemolecularlevelandresis tancetohightemperature .1 5For 10years ,manyre searchershavepaidconsiderableattentiontosynthesisofzeolitemembraneswithhighperformance .Amongthere portedzeolitemembranes ,mostattentionwasfocusedonsynthesisofMFI typezeolitemembranebecausei…