非下采样变换的红外与可见光图像融合

基于非下采样Contourlet变换（NSCT）,提出了一种红外和可见光图像融合算法。针对低频子带系数和各带通方向子带系数分别提出了基于图像物理特征的系数加权选择方式与基于区域能量匹配的系数选择方式,即低频基于区域梯度信息、高频基于区域特征因子的加权与选择结合的图像融合算法。实验结果表明：非下采样Contourlet变换具有较快的运算速度,且经非下采样变换后能量更加集中,可提供更多的图像信息。相对于基于像素的图像融合算法,本文的图像融合算法具有更高的融合性能,是一种更适合图像融合的多尺度几何分析（MGA）工具。     

基于区域分维和非采样Contourlet变换的图像融合算法

针对源图像有用信息的提取,提出了基于区域分维和非下采样Contourlet变换相结合的红外与可见光图像融合算法.将图像的区域属性、区域大小、边缘强度以及纹理显著程度等特点用图像不同尺度上的区域分维进行描述,对于非下采样Contourlet变换低频系数,根据源图像不同尺度上的区域分维进行基于系数选择的融合.针对带通子带系数设计了系数局部匹配度算子,依据匹配度不同采用加权和系数选取相结合的融合规则.与其他常规融合方法进行比较,该算法可有效实现红外与可见光图像的融合.     

基于区域分维和非采样Contourlet变换的图像融合算法

针对源图像有用信息的提取,提出了基于区域分维和非下采样Contourlet变换相结合的红外与可见光图像融合算法.将图像的区域属性、区域大小、边缘强度以及纹理显著程度等特点用图像不同尺度上的区域分维进行描述,对于非下采样Contourlet变换低频系数,根据源图像不同尺度上的区域分维进行基于系数选择的融合.针对带通子带系数设计了系数局部匹配度算子,依据匹配度不同采用加权和系数选取相结合的融合规则.与其他常规融合方法进行比较,该算法可有效实现红外与可见光图像的融合.     

一种基于非下采样Contourlet变换多聚焦图像融合算法

针对现有小波类图像融合算法的不足,提出了一种基于非下采样Contourlet变换多聚焦图像融合算法,并在Contourlet域中引入了局部区域可见度以及局部方向能量的概念.针对低频子带系数和各带通方向子带系数分别提出了基于局部区域可见度以及基于局部方向能量的系数选择方案.通过对多聚焦图像融合的仿真实验,表明该算法相对于传统的基于离散小波变换和离散小波框架变换融合算法能够有效减少有用信息的丢失以及虚假信息的引入,同时能够从源图像中提取更多的有用信息并注入到融合图像中, 得到更好视觉效果和更优量化指标的融合图像.     

基于非抽样剪切波的加权区域图像融合

以提升遥感图像和多聚焦图像的融合精度为目的,结合非下采样剪切波变换（NSST）可以捕捉图像的细节特征,提出了一种NSST和加权区域特性的图像融合方法。利用非下采样剪切波变换对源图像进行多尺度、多方向分解,得到低频子带和高频子带,低频子带系数采用改进梯度投影的非负矩阵分解（NMF）,高频子带系数采用加权区域能量和区域方差相结合的融合策略,然后应用非下采样剪切波的逆变换得到融合的图像。实验结果表明:该方法从主观视觉方面很好地保留了多幅图像的有用信息,给出该方法与其他融合算法在客观评价指标应用信息熵EN、互信息MI和加权边缘信息量QAB/F的比较结果 。     

基于纹理分割和Top-Hat变换的合成孔径雷达与可见光图像增强融合

针对目前合成孔径雷达(SAR)与可见光图像融合结果目标信息缺失、对比度不高的缺点,提出了一种基于纹理分割和top-hat变换的图像增强融合算法。将SAR图像灰度共生矩阵的熵纹理特征图进行阈值分割,提取SAR图像的感兴趣区域(ROI);并对SAR和可见光图像进行非下采样Contourlet变换(NSCT)分解,低频系数采用基于区域的融合规则,在感兴趣区域内选择SAR的低频系数。对低频系数进行top-hat变换得到显著化的图像亮、暗细节特征,并加入到低频系数上形成低频合成系数;高频子带系数采用局部方向信息熵显著性因子取大的融合规则;对融合系数进行NSCT逆变换得到最终的融合图像。实验证明了本算法的有效性。     

基于稀疏特征的红外与可见光图像融合

针对传统的红外与可见光图像融合算法提取目标信息不突出的问题,提出一种基于非下采样剪切波变换和稀疏结构特征的融合方法.首先用非下采样剪切波变换分解源图像;然后通过主成分分析提取低频子带系数中边缘和轮廓等显著特征,引导低频成分融合规则的设计,同时基于结构信息的稀疏性指导融合高频子带系数;最后经过非下采样剪切波变换逆变换得到融合后的图像.实验结果表明,该方法在保留可见光图像背景信息的基础上,突显了红外图像的结构信息,有效提高了融合效果.     

基于非采样Contourlet变换的遥感图像融合算法

为了使融合后的多光谱图像在尽可能保持原始多光谱图像光谱特性的同时,显著提高空间分辨力,提出了一种基于非采样Contourlet变换(NSCT)的遥感图像融合算法。算法首先对全色波段图像进行非采样Contourlet变换,得到全色波段图像的低频子带系数和各带通方向子带系数;然后针对多光谱图像的每一个波段,将其进行双线性插值后作为融合后多光谱图像的低频子带系数,对全色波段图像的各带通方向子带系数采用基于成像系统物理特性的注入模型(调整系数)进行局部调整后,作为融合后多光谱图像的各带通方向子带系数,从而得到融合后多光谱图像的非采样Contourlet变换系数;最后再经非采样Contourlet逆变换得到该波段具有高空间分辨力的多光谱图像。采用IKONOS卫星遥感图像进行了仿真实验,实验结果表明,该算法在光谱保留和空间质量提高方面优于其它传统的遥感图像融合算法。     

多尺度无监督彩色图像分割

非采样Contourlet变换是一种新的多尺度多分辨率分析工具.本文提出了一种基于非采样Contourlet变换的彩色图像无监督分割算法.首先利用非采样Contourlet变换的平移不变性在其变换域应用梯度向量法提取图像多尺度边缘|然后在Contourlet变换域的低频子带和高频子带中分别提取局部低频能量纹理特征与高频多尺度Zernike矩纹理特征,并将二种纹理特征融合.最后在边缘图像中映射种子像素点,利用纹理和颜色特征欧氏距离,对彩色图像采用区域生长和区域合并的方法进行分割.实验结果证明:该算法将图像空间域的颜色特征与非采样Contourlet变换域的多尺度边缘和纹理特征恰当结合在一起实现彩色图像无监督自动分割,与传统算法相比有更高的准确性和鲁棒性.     

多尺度无监督彩色图像分割

非采样Contourlet变换是一种新的多尺度多分辨率分析工具,本文提出了一种基于非采样Contourlet变换的彩色图像无监督分割算法.首先利用非采样Contourlet变换的平移不变性在其变换域应用梯度向量法提取图像多尺度边缘;然后在Contourlet变换域的低频子带和高频子带中分别提取局部低频能量纹理特征与高频...     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.