邻氨基苯酚改性壳聚糖树脂的制备及吸附性能的研究

本文制备了一种邻氨基酚改性壳聚糖树脂，用红外光谱和扫描电镜表征其结构，研究了该树脂对金属离子Cu^2 、Pb^2 、Ca^2 的吸附性能。结果表明，改性壳聚糖树脂为蜂窝状多孔微球树脂，平均戏约250μm，不溶于水、酸、碱，其对金属离子的吸附在pH=4时，2h基本达到平衡，对金属离子Cu^2 、Pb^2 、Ca^2 的静态饱和吸附量分别为2.95mmol/g、1.95mmol/g、1.32mmol/g。     

高交联双酯树脂制备、表征及性能研究

聚双甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯(PEGDMA)大孔吸附树脂是一类含酯基的中极性吸附剂,通过调节致孔剂的种类和比例,制备了一系列均聚PEGDMA及EGDMA-DVB共聚物双酯树脂.用简易BET低温氮吸附法测定了树脂的比表面积.结果表明,甲苯作致孔剂制备的PEGDMA树脂比表面积在单体:致孔剂(体积比)为1:1~1:2时变化不大,甲苯致孔剂量增大所得树脂在各种溶剂中的溶胀率增大;EGDMA-DVB共聚物双酯树脂的比表面积随DVB量增加稍有下降.以苯酚和苹果多酚为吸附质研究了该系列树脂对极性有机分子的吸附行为与吸附机理,静态吸附等温线数据分析结果表明,制备的树脂与2种商品树脂(XAD-7和HP2MG)比较,树脂ED2-T对苹果多酚的平衡吸附量超过了商品树脂,初始浓度Co=1.1935mg/mL时,ED2-T树脂的平衡吸附量为135mg/g,XAD-7和HP2MG分别为113mg/g和120mg/g.树脂对苹果多酚的吸附等温线与Langmuir方程拟合较好,对苯酚的吸附Freundlich方程拟合得更好.     

球形Ni2+模板交联壳聚糖吸附剂的多胺化及其对Ni2+的吸附性能

多胺化合成球形Ni2 模板交联壳聚糖吸附剂,该吸附剂对重金属镍离子具有更好的吸附能力.试验结果表明,通过模板化、胺化使吸附容量由1.072mmol/g提高到2.746mmol/g.通过不同吸附剂的红外光谱分析、含水率和Ni2 吸附容量的比较,验证了技术路线的正确性.研究了吸附剂对Ni2 的吸附性能,其对Ni2 的吸附具有较好的动力学性能.     

聚(N-对乙烯基苄基二甲胺)树脂对苯酚的吸附性能

采用二甲胺为功能化试剂,化学修饰氯甲基化苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚物合成了大孔交联聚(N-对乙烯基苄基二甲胺)树脂,测得树脂的氯含量由4.2mmol/g降低到0.24mmol/g,树脂的弱碱交换量为4.0mmol/g,说明氯甲基化苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚物发生胺化反应完全。在水溶液中,测定了大孔交联聚(N-对乙烯基苄基二甲胺)树脂对苯酚的吸附等温线,发现吸附平衡数据符合Freundlich等温吸附方程,相关系数大于0.99。计算得到在吸附量为15、20和25mg/g时,等量吸附焓在-20.81~-30.74kJ/mol范围内,吸附自由能和吸附熵均小于0,说明吸附过程中存在氢键作用,吸附是自发、混乱度变小的过程。比较树脂对水溶液中苯酚、对硝基苯酚和对硝基甲苯的吸附性能以及树脂对水、环己烷、乙醇和乙酸乙酯溶液中苯酚的吸附性能,进一步说明大孔交联聚(N-对乙烯基苄基二甲胺)树脂对水溶液中苯酚的吸附是基于疏水作用和氢键作用协同的机理。     

3-N-乙酰基-2-取代芳基-5-[5''-甲基-异噁唑-3'']-Δ3-1,3,4－噁唑啉类化合物的合成

保护氨基的壳聚糖微球经环氧氯丙烷交联得到不溶于酸的吸附剂，与氯乙酸在碱性条件下反应，合成了羧甲基壳聚糖树脂，并用FT-IR对树脂进行了表征。其吸附Pb^2 的实验结果表明，在1h内有最快的吸附速率，吸附受pH值影响。在pH=5时，对Pb^2 的吸附量为1．12mmol／g，比壳聚糖树脂提高了70％。     

二(β-氨基乙基)胺型聚苯乙烯树脂的合成和性能研究

以二乙烯三胺和氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂微球为起始原料,通过伯胺保护、树脂胺化、脱保护等3个步骤,合成了以二(β-氨基乙基)胺为功能基的聚苯乙烯树脂,分析了该树脂的结构,研究了其对Cu2+的螯合性能。与二乙烯三胺型树脂相比,本文合成的树脂具有吸附速度快、吸附容量大,脱附完全,易于重复使用等优点,对Cu2+吸附量达2.42mmol/g,脱附率为99.8%,吸附-脱附3次后,活性仍达95.0%。     

广西车田红辉沸石对不同离子吸附性的初步研究

研究表明,不同粒度的红辉沸石在不同的温度条件下对K^ 、Na^ 、Ca^2 、Mg^2 、NH4^ 等离子具有不同的吸附容量。在30℃时,8μm的红辉沸石对K^ 、Na^ 、Ca^2 、Mg^2 、NH4^ 的吸附量分别为：10.90mg/g、10.01mg/g、7.64mg/g、5.50mg/g、108.70mmol/100g;45μm的红辉沸石对K^ 、Na^ 、Ca^2 、Mg^2 、NH4^ 的吸附量分别为：10.10mg/g、9.80mg/g、6.90mg/g、5.08mg/g、101.10mmol/100g;246μm的红辉沸石对K^ 、Na^ 、Ca^2 、Mg^2 、NH4^ 的吸附量分别为：2.66mg/g、2.20mg/g、1.86mg/g、1.26mg/g、28.00mmol/100g;在2℃时,8μm的红辉沸石对K^ 、Na^ 、Ca^2 、Mg^2 、NH4^ 的吸附量分别为：10.60mg/g、9.82mg/g、6.90mg/g、5.07mg/g、99.60mmol/100g。在常温25-30℃,湿度82%条件下,246μm、45μm、8μm的红辉沸石含水率为7.06%、7.25%、7.78%。     

表面印迹纳米磁性壳聚糖的制备及对Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附研究

将壳聚糖与自制的纳米四氧化三铁反应,加入一定量的铜盐使其与壳聚糖络合,再用环氧氯丙烷交联,用酸洗脱铜离子,得到表面印迹的纳米磁性壳聚糖.考察了阴离子、交联剂浓度对铜印迹效果的影响.用振动磁力仪及透射电镜对样品的性质进行表征.研究了表面印迹的纳米磁性壳聚糖对Cu2 的吸附性能.研究结果显示,用硝酸铜印迹制备的表面印迹纳米磁性壳聚糖吸附剂平均粒径为25nm,饱和磁化强度为98.56emu/g,壳聚糖含量为18.7%.吸附剂吸附容量大,吸附速度快.在Cu2 初始浓度为3.91mmol/L,pH为5时,15min即达到吸附平衡,以壳聚糖计Cu2 的饱和吸附量为4.07mmol/g,比纯壳聚糖粉高2倍.在含Zn2 或Cd2 、Pb2 的二元体系溶液中,离子印迹吸附剂对Cu2 具有明显的选择吸附性,而未印迹的纯壳聚糖粉几乎没有选择性.吸附剂易回收,重复使用性好,重复使用4次后,吸附量约保留最初饱和吸附量的98%.     

席夫碱型聚苯乙烯多胺树脂的合成及性能研究

以乙酰化聚苯乙烯树脂为母体,与二乙烯三胺缩合制备了席夫碱型聚苯乙烯多胺树脂,分别研究了溶剂、催化剂、物料比、反应温度和反应时间等对反应的影响,并对树脂进行了结构表征,初步探索了树脂对Cu~(2+)的吸附行为。结果表明,在偏三甲苯中,以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,160℃下反应16h,所得多胺树脂的全交换容量为3.99mmol/g,对Cu~(2+)的吸附量为63.5mg/g。     

广西车田红辉沸石对不同离子吸附性的初步研究

研究表明，不同粒度的红辉沸石在不同的温度条件下对K^ 、Na^ 、Ca^2 、Mg^2 、NH4^ 等离子具有不同的吸附容量。在30℃时，8μm的红辉沸石对K^ 、Na^ 、Ca^2 、Mg^2 、NH4^ 的吸附量分别为：10.90mg/g、10.01mg/g、7.64mg/g、5.50mg/g、108.70mmol/100g；45μm的红辉沸石对K^ 、Na^ 、Ca^2 、Mg^2 、NH4^ 的吸附量分别为：10.10mg/g、9.80mg/g、6.90mg/g、5.08mg/g、101.10mmol/100g；246μm的红辉沸石对K^ 、Na^ 、Ca^2 、Mg^2 、NH4^ 的吸附量分别为：2.66mg/g、2.20mg/g、1.86mg/g、1.26mg/g、28.00mmol/100g；在2℃时，8μm的红辉沸石对K^ 、Na^ 、Ca^2 、Mg^2 、NH4^ 的吸附量分别为：10.60mg/g、9.82mg/g、6.90mg/g、5.07mg/g、99.60mmol/100g。在常温25－30℃，湿度82％条件下，246μm、45μm、8μm的红辉沸石含水率为7.06%、7.25%、7.78%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.