小波分析方法及其应用

１．小波和小波分析冉启文．小波分析方法及其应用．数理统计与管理．１９９９，１８（１），５２～５５“小波分析（ＷａｖｅｌｅｔＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓ）”是一种新的分析方法，它是继Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ分析之后纯粹数学和应用数学完美结合的又一光辉典范。小波分析的产生、发...     

积极进行命题改革,实现高考考试功能(续文)

接上期）４．文科（２２）题、理科（２１）题（１）命题构思平面解析几何的核心是坐标法．本题以平面上的折线和曲线图形为背景，从几何与代数的结合上，考查数学的双基，以及综合运用数学知识和方法分析、解决问题的能力．要求考生掌握直角坐标系中的曲线与方程的关系和...     

09-0643(修改稿)_李廉水 王桂芝 黄小蓉 田心如 (气象灾害评估分析的AHM方法研究) 2009-12-30

文章采用属性层次模型（AHM）对主要气象灾害的风险承受能力与控制能力进行评价分析,并与层次分析法（AHP）进行比较,结果表明属性层次模型（AHM）比层次分析法（AHP）更便于计算,为气象灾害风险承受能力与控制能力的评价与风险决策问题提供了更实用更科学的依据。     

几类凝聚图的轮廓

设Ｇ是个图，｜Ｖ（Ｇ）＝ｎ｜对Ｇ上的任一个标号ｆ：Ｖ（Ｇ）→｛１，…，ｎ｝记，且当ｊ≠ｉ时，Ｇ中有边以ｆ（－１）（ｊ）及ｆ（－１）（ｉ）为两端点｝）．称Ｐ（Ｇ）＝ｍｉｎ｛Ｐ（ｆ）：ｆ是Ｇ上的标号｝为图Ｇ的轮廓．对以Ｗ表示Ｇ中Ｗ的边界．本文证明：ｉ）若Ｇ是凝聚图，ｆ及ｆ是Ｇ上一对互逆标号，则Ｐ（Ｇ）＝Ｐ（ｆ）的充要条件是ｆ为凝聚标号，且此时若Ｇ，Ｈ均是凝聚图，则存在阶梯标号。使得路、回、完全留之间的下列乘积图也是凝聚图，且其轮廓为     

列表法解应用问题举例

列表法解应用问题举例周治钢（云南曲靖蓝箭中学６５５００２）１列表法解题的基本步骤１１找．题目结构表格化，找出题中所有的数量关系．（１）仔细读题，找出题目所涉及的分析对象、影响每个对象的基本对应量．（２）把题目中已知的、未知的；同类的，不同类的；变化...     

构造图形求函数最大（小）值的几种常用方法

构造图形求函数最大（小）值的几种常用方法王远征（武汉市黄陂县横店中学４３２２０１）分析函数解析式的结构特征，合理变形、产生联想．对函数给出几何解释，根据图形的性质，求出函数的极值．本文举例说明应用构造法求函数极值的几种方法．１通过设参数代换，构造与曲...     

方程λ＋a＋be^τλ=0全部根的精确分布

考虑方程其中a，b为任意实常数,τ为正常数．本文在复数域上求得了方程（*）全部根的精确分布．在文[1]和[2]中应用Laplace变换法，得到了滞后型方程初值问题的形式解公式下：其中x（t）为初值问题的解，这里H（θ）为Heaviside函数．方程（*）为初值问题（E）中方程的特征方程．应用本文结果于形式解公式（1．1），可求得初值问题（E）的精确解．篇幅所限，此问题另文讨论．     

圆锥曲线方程

1．重点、难点、热点分析 重点：圆锥曲线的两种定义、标准方程、图象和简单几何性质;特征参数a,b,c,e,p的几何意义及相互间的关系;直线与圆锥曲线位置关系的判断和应用;主要数学思想方法（数形结合思想、函数方程思想、运动变换思想、坐标法、待定系数法、配方法、韦达定理法、图象法等）的应用．     

变参数四点法的理论及其应用

四点插值细分法（简称四点法）是一种离散插值方法，在曲线和曲面造型中有着广泛的应用．本文主要讨论当参数可变时，四点法的收敛性和连续性以及变参数四点法的应用．     

几何变换法求轨迹方程

几何变换法求轨迹方程樊友年（湖北省公安县一中４３４３００）解析几何中求轨迹方程习惯用解析的方法．其实几何法应该并重．很多轨迹问题，若能分析图形性质，利用几何变换，可以省去大量的代数运算，迅速获得轨迹方程．下面举例说明这一方法的应用．１中心对称变换问题...     

An axiomatic approach to noncompensatory sorting methods in MCDM,I: The case of two categories

In the literature on MCDM, many methods have been proposed in order to sort alternatives evaluated on several attributes into ordered categories. Most of them were proposed on an ad hoc basis. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to a recent trend of research aiming at giving these methods sound theoretical foundations. Using tools from conjoint measurement, we provide an axiomatic analysis of the partitions of alternatives into two categories that can be obtained using what we call “noncompensatory sorting models”. These models have strong links with the pessimistic version of ELECTRE TRI. Our analysis allows to pinpoint what appears to be the main distinctive features of ELECTRE TRI when compared to other sorting methods. It also gives hints on the various methods that have been proposed to assess the parameters of ELECTRE TRI on the basis of assignment examples.     

Issues in the use of ratings-based versus choice-based conjoint analysis in operations management research

Conjoint analysis has played an important role in helping make a number of operations management decisions including product and service design, supplier selection, and service operations capacity. Many recent advances in this area have raised questions about the most appropriate form of conjoint analysis for this research. We review recent developments in the literature and provide new evidence on how the choice between ratings- and choice-based conjoint models might affect the estimates of customer demand used in operations management models.     

An axiomatic approach to noncompensatory sorting methods in MCDM,II: More than two categories

A number of recent papers have investigated the foundations of methods allowing to sort multi-attributed alternatives between several ordered categories. This paper has a similar objective. Our analysis uses a general conjoint measurement framework, encompassing most sorting models used in MDCM, that was proposed in the literature. Within this framework, we provide an axiomatic analysis of what we call noncompensatory sorting models, with or without veto effects. These noncompensatory sorting models contain the pessimistic version of ELECTRE TRI as a particular case. Our analysis can be seen as an attempt to give a firm axiomatic basis to ELECTRE TRI, while emphasizing its specific feature, i.e., the rather poor information that this model uses on each attribute.     

A Strategic Business Decision with Multiple Criteria: The Bally Men's Shoe Problem

In 1976, Bally (U.K.) Ltd were considering how to counter the long term decline of their men's shoe business. It was first necessary to identify the set of potential strategies and the criteria by which they were to be evaluated. Simulation programmes were developed to model the policy options, and conjoint analysis experiments were designed to elicit multi-attributed preference structures. These were then applied to the simulation output to identify the optimal policy. It was found that decision makers were unwilling to participate in the conjoint measurement ranking exercises. Time preferences inconsistent with standard discounting were identified. The paper also describes the actual events and decisions subsequent to the analysis.     

联合分析在常压介质阻挡放电离子渗扩工艺参数研究中的应用

本文将联合分析法运用于常压介质阻挡放电离子渗扩工艺参数研究之中,分析得出影响渗扩工艺各因素的效用值,并且确定了该工艺参数的最优组合。     

Following the traces:: An introduction to conjoint measurement without transitivity and additivity

This paper presents a self-contained introduction to a general conjoint measurement framework for the analysis of nontransitive and/or incomplete binary relations on product sets. It is based on the use of several kinds of marginal traces on coordinates induced by the binary relation.This framework leads to defining three general families of models depending on the kind of trace that they use. Contrary to most conjoint measurement models, these models do not involve an addition operation. This allows for a simple axiomatic analysis at the cost of very weak uniqueness results.     

Synthesis as conception shifting

John Dewey's work inspired Simon, Churchman and Ackoff. To encouragerigorous thinking, Dewey makes the rallying cry: Synthesize don't justanalyse. Operational research does analysis well. However, our understanding ofits conjoint twin, synthesis, may need some more pragmatic rationalization.Synthesis, often confused with systems thinking, is thought to be a process ofengagement with alternative conceptions (interpretations) of the problem domain;conceptions that suggest a different solution set. Therefore, this paperexplores the proposition that operational research needs to engage moresynthesis to complement its skill at analysis. Why synthesis is required, whatit is and how it works is explained. Two case studies are provided todemonstrate the mechanisms of synthesis as one part of strategic thinking.     

Real world performance of choice-based conjoint models

Conjoint analysis is one of the most important tools to support product development, pricing and positioning decisions in management practice. For this purpose various models have been developed. It is widely accepted that models that take consumer heterogeneity into account, outperform aggregate models in terms of hold-out tasks. The aim of our study is to investigate empirically whether predictions of choice-based conjoint models which incorporate heterogeneity can successfully be generalized to a whole market. To date no studies exist that examine the real world performance of choice-based conjoint models by use of aggregate scanner panel data. Our analysis is based on four commercial choice-based conjoint pricing studies including a total of 43 stock keeping units (SKU) and the corresponding weekly scanning data for approximately two years. An aggregate model serves as a benchmark for the performance of two models that take heterogeneity into account, hierarchical Bayes (HB) and latent class (LC). Our empirical analysis demonstrates that, in contrast to the performance using hold-out tasks, the real world performance of HB and LC is similar to the performance of the aggregate model. Our results indicate that heterogeneity cannot be generalized to a whole market and suggest that aggregate models are sufficient to predict market shares (MSs).     

Simultaneous preference estimation and heterogeneity control for choice-based conjoint via support vector machines

Support vector machines (SVMs) have been successfully used to identify individuals’ preferences in conjoint analysis. One of the challenges of using SVMs in this context is to properly control for preference heterogeneity among individuals to construct robust partworths. In this work, we present a new technique that obtains all individual utility functions simultaneously in a single optimization problem based on three objectives: complexity reduction, model fit, and heterogeneity control. While complexity reduction and model fit are dealt using SVMs, heterogeneity is controlled by shrinking the individual-level partworths toward a population mean. The proposed approach is further extended to kernel-based machines, conferring flexibility to the model by allowing nonlinear utility functions. Experiments on simulated and real-world datasets show that the proposed approach in its linear form outperforms existing methods for choice-based conjoint analysis.     

Modelling the independent insurance agent's product evaluation strategy: An application of conjoint analysis

A major property-casualty insurance company had streamlined underwriting procedures and hoped to design a new commercial insurance package which would appeal to its independent agents. They hoped to do this by improving service times, premium and/or commission, but making these improvements would require the agents to fill out a new underwriting form. The research used conjoint analysis to determine for management the optimum levels of each of the factors to be employed in the new programme and the possible negative impact of the new underwriting form. Also discussed are issues relating to the use of conjoint analysis; in particular, the handling of large factorial designs and the aggregation of individual results.