一种解非线性方程组的不精确牛顿——兰索斯方法

本文提出一种不完全线搜索技术的不精确牛顿—克雷洛夫(Newton-Krylov)子空间方法解对称非线性方程组,其中克雷洛夫子空间方法采用的是兰索斯(Lanczos)类分解技术.迭代方向是通过使用兰索斯方法近似求解非线性方程组的牛顿方程获得的.在合理的假设条件下,分析了算法的全局收敛性和局部超线性收敛速率.最后,数值结果显示了该算法的有效性.     

伪谱计算的增广块Householder Arnoldi算法（英文）

伪谱是解释非正规矩阵或算子行为的一个有用工具.矩阵伪谱计算的一个常用方法是grid-SVD算法,实现这个算法需要在每一个网格点处作奇异值分解(SVD);另外一个计算方法是基于Schur分解的逆Lanczos算法.由于上述方法的计算量比较大,通常只适用于中小型矩阵.近些年,有些学者探讨了大规模矩阵伪谱计算的Krylov子空间投影方法.在探讨了Householder Arnoldi(HA)算法块情形的计算行为和实用性能的基础上,提出了计算大规模矩阵伪谱的增广块HA(ABHA)算法,并对一些典型测试矩阵进行了一系列的数值试验.数值结果表明,增广块HA(ABHA)算法比HA算法,块隐式重启Arnoldi(BLIRA)算法和逆Lanczos算法的计算效率更高,更具优越性.     

用随机奇异值分解算法求解矩阵恢复问题

本文研究了大型低秩矩阵恢复问题.利用随机奇异值分解（RSVD）算法,对稀疏矩阵做奇异值分解.该算法与Lanczos方法相比,在误差精度一致的同时运算时间大大降低,且该算法对相对低秩矩阵也有效.     

基于Lanczos双A-正交的一种修正的QMR算法

本文研究了基于Lanczos双正交过程的拟极小残量法(QMR).将QMR算法中的Lanczos双正交过程用Lanczos双A-正交过程代替,利用该算法得到的近似解与最后一个基向量的线性组合来作为新的近似解,使新近似解的残差范数满足一个一维极小化问题,从而得到一种基于Lanczos双A-正交的修正的QMR算法.数值试验表明,对于某些大型线性稀疏方程组,新算法比QMR算法收敛快得多.     

用随机奇异值分解算法求解矩阵恢复问题（英文）

本文研究了大型低秩矩阵恢复问题.利用随机奇异值分解(RSVD)算法,对稀疏矩阵做奇异值分解.该算法与Lanczos方法相比,在误差精度一致的同时运算时间大大降低,且该算法对相对低秩矩阵也有效.     

求解陀螺系统特征值问题的收缩二阶Lanczos方法

本文研究陀螺系统特征值问题的数值解法,利用反对称矩阵Lanczos算法,提出了求解陀螺系统特征值问题的二阶Lanczos方法.基于提出的陀螺系统特征值问题的非等价低秩收缩技术,给出了计算陀螺系统极端特征值的收缩二阶Lanczos方法.数值结果说明了算法的有效性.     

求解大规模Hamilton矩阵特征问题的辛Lanczos算法的误差分析

对求解大规模稀疏Hamilton矩阵特征问题的辛Lanczos算法给出了舍入误差分析.分析表明辛Lanczos算法在无中断时,保Hamilton结构的限制没有破坏非对称Lanczos算法的本质特性.本文还讨论了辛Lanczos算法计算出的辛Lanczos向量的J一正交性的损失与Ritz值收敛的关系.结论正如所料,当某些Ritz值开始收敛时.计算出的辛Lanczos向量的J-正交性损失是必然的.以上结果对辛Lanczos算法的改进具有理论指导意义.     

广义块Toeplitz特征值问题的基于sine变换的预处理子

在求块Toeplitz矩阵束（Amn，Bmn）特征值的Lanczos过程中，通过对移位块Toepltz矩阵Amn-ρBmn进行基于sine变换的块预处理，从而改进了位移块Toeplitz矩阵的谱分布，加速了Lanczos过程的收敛速度．该块预处理方法能通过快速算法有效快速执行．本文证明了预处理后Lanczos过程收敛迅速，并通过实验证明该算法求解大规模矩阵问题尤其有效．     

求解病态线性方程组的收缩Lanczos方法

Lanczos方法是求解大型线性方程组的常用方法.遗憾的是,在Lanczos过程中通常会发生算法中断或数值不稳定的情况.将给出求解大型对称线性方程组的收缩Lanczos方法,即DLanczos方法.新算法将采用增广子空间技术,在Lanczos过程中向Krylov子空间加入少量绝对值较小的特征值所对应的特征向量进行收缩.数值实验表明,新算法比Lanczos方法收敛速度更快,并且适合求解病态对称线性方程组.     

计算最小奇异组的一个精化调和 Lanczos双对角化方法

在很多实际应用中需要计算大规模矩阵的若干个最小奇异组.调和投影方法是计算内部特征对的常用方法,其原理可用于求解大规模奇异值分解问题.本文证明了,当投影空间足够好时,该方法得到的近似奇异值收敛,但近似奇异向量可能收敛很慢甚至不收敛.根据第二作者近年来提出的精化投影方法的原理,本文提出一种精化的调和Lanczos双对角化方法,证明了它的收敛性.然后将该方法与Sorensen提出的隐式重新启动技术相结合,开发出隐式重新启动的调和Lanczos双对角化算法(IRHLB)和隐式重新启动的精化调和Lanczos双对角化算法(IRRHLB).位移的合理选取是算法成功的关键之一,本文对精化算法提出了一种新的位移策略,称之为"精化调和位移".理论分析表明,精化调和位移比IRHLB中所用的调和位移要好,且可以廉价可靠地计算出来.数值实验表明,IRRHLB比IRHLB要显著优越,而且比目前常用的隐式重新启动的Lanczos双对角化方法(IRLB)和精化算法IRRLB更有效.     

隐式重启精化全局Lanczos方法

The numerical methods for solving large symmetric eigenvalue problems are considered in this paper.Based on the global Lanczos process,a global Lanczos method for solving large symmetric eigenvalue problems is presented.In order to accelerate the convergence of the F-Ritz vectors,the refined global Lanczos method is developed.Combining the implicitly restarted strategy with the deflation technique,an implicitly restarted and refined global Lanczos method for computing some eigenvalues of large symmetric matrices is proposed.Numerical results show that the proposed methods are efficient.     

The Lanczos phenomenon—An interpretation based upon conjugate gradient optimization

The equivalence in exact arithmetic of the Lanczos tridiagonalization procedure and the conjugate gradient optimization procedure for solving Ax = b, where A is a real symmetric, positive definite matrix, is well known. We demonstrate that a relaxed equivalence is valid in the presence of errors. Specifically we demonstrate that local ε-orthonormality of the Lanczos vectors guarantees local ε-A-conjugacy of the direction vectors in the associated conjugate gradient procedure. Moreover we demonstrate that all the conjugate gradient relationships are satisfied approximately. Therefore, any statements valid for the conjugate gradient optimization procedure, which we show converges under very weak conditions, apply directly to the Lanczos procedure. We then use this equivalence to obtain an explanation of the Lanczos phenomenon: the empirically observed “convergence” of Lanczos eigenvalue procedures despite total loss of the global orthogonality of the Lanczos vectors.     

求解带位移反对称矩阵方程的有效数值方法（英文）

In this paper,two CG-type algorithms for solving shifted skewsymmetric matrix equations are derived.The new methods are extracted from the modified global Lanczos algorithm presented in the paper.Numerical experiments illustrate the convergence properties and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.     

A truncated conjugate gradient method with an inexact Gauss-Newton technique for solving nonlinear systems

In this paper, a truncated conjugate gradient method with an inexact Gauss-Newton technique is proposed for solving nonlinear systems.?The iterative direction is obtained by the conjugate gradient method solving the inexact Gauss-Newton equation.?Global convergence and local superlinear convergence rate of the proposed algorithm are established under some reasonable conditions. Finally, some numerical results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

TWO ALGORITHMS FOR SYMMETRIC LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH MULTIPLE RIGHT-HAND SIDES

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A nonmonotone PSB algorithm for solving unconstrained optimization

PSB (Powell-Symmetric-Broyden) algorithm is a very important algorithm and has been extensively used in trust region methods. However, there are few studies on the line search type PSB algorithm. The primary reason is that the direction generated by this class of algorithms is not necessarily a descent direction of the objective function. In this paper, by combining a nonmonotone line search technique with the PSB method, we propose a nonmonotone PSB algorithm for solving unconstrained optimization. Under proper conditions, we establish global convergence and superlinear convergence of the proposed algorithm. At the same time we verify the efficiency of the proposed algorithm by some numerical experiments.     

计算大规模矩阵最大最小奇异值和奇异向量的两个精化Lanczos算法

1.引言 在科学工程计算中经常需要计算大规模矩阵的少数最大或最小的奇异值及其所对应的奇异子空间。例如图像处理中要计算矩阵端部奇异值之比作为图像的分辨率,诸如此类的问题还存在于最小二乘问题、控制理论、量子化学中等等。然而大多实际问题中的矩阵是大型稀疏矩阵,且需要的是矩阵的部分奇异对。如果计算A的完全奇异值分解(SVD),则运算量和存储量极大,甚至不可能。因此必须寻求其它有效可靠的算法。 假设A的SVD为     

Convergence estimates of nonrestarted and restarted block‐Lanczos methods

The block‐Lanczos method serves to compute a moderate number of eigenvalues and the corresponding invariant subspace of a symmetric matrix. In this paper, the convergence behavior of nonrestarted and restarted versions of the block‐Lanczos method is analyzed. For the nonrestarted version, we improve an estimate by Saad by means of a change of the auxiliary vector so that the new estimate is much more accurate in the case of clustered or multiple eigenvalues. For the restarted version, an estimate by Knyazev is generalized by extending our previous results on block steepest descent iterations and single‐vector restarted Krylov subspace iterations. The new estimates can also be reformulated and applied to invert‐block‐Lanczos methods for solving generalized matrix eigenvalue problems.     

GLOBAL CONVERGENCE AND IMPLEMENTATION OF NGTN METHOD FOR SOWING LARGE-SCALE SMRSE NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING PROBLEMS

1. IntroductionConsider the following NLP problemwhere the function f: Re --+ RI and gi: Re - R', j E J are twice continuously dtherentiable.In particular, we discuss the cajse, where the nUmber of variables and the nUmber of constraintsin (1.1) are large and second derivatives in (1.1) are sparse.There are some methods whiCh can solve largesscale problems, e.g. Lancelot in [2] andTDSQPLM in [9]. But they can not take adVantage of sparse structtire of the problem. A newefficient meth…