高效液相色谱法测定食品中2-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)-丙酸钠

提出了高效液相色谱法测定食品中2-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)-丙酸钠的方法。食品样品的饱和氯化钠溶液以乙腈提取,提取液用正己烷净化,所得经净化的乙腈液层用Agilent TC-C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)为分离柱,以0.05%(体积分数)磷酸溶液与甲醇以体积比50比50组成的混合液为流动相进行分离,在检测波长224nm处进行测定。2-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)-丙酸钠质量浓度在0.20~5.00mg·L-1范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,方法检出限(3S/N)为0.3mg·kg-1。以空白食品样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在91.3%~107%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.7%~8.2%之间。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析化妆品中的常见抗生素及甲硝唑

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)测定化妆品中常见的6种抗生素(美满霉素、土霉素、四环素、金霉素、多西环素、氯霉素)及甲硝唑的方法,并用于实际样品的分析。样品经甲醇-0.1 mol/L甲酸溶液(体积比为1∶1)超声提取后,以甲醇(含1%甲酸)-水(含1%甲酸)为流动相,经UPLC梯度洗脱分离后以多反应监测(MRM)模式质谱测定。方法的检出限为3～20 ng/g,回收率为87%～101%,工作曲线的线性相关系数大于0.995,线性范围为2～1000 μg/L (达3个数量级)。对11份市售化妆品进行分析检测,其中2份检出氯霉素,质量分数分别为0.37%和0.19%;1份检出甲硝唑,质量分数为1.02%;美满霉素、土霉素、四环素、金霉素、多西环素未检出。     

吡嗪-2,3-二羧酸铈的合成及其对聚氯乙烯热稳定性的作用

以吡嗪-2,3-二羧酸为配体,氨水,硝酸镧为原料,制备吡嗪-2,3-二羧酸铈。经FTIR、元素分析和TG-DSC等方法表征,确定其分子结构和分子式Ce₂(C₆N₂O₄)₂(NO₃)₂·5H₂O。通过静态热稳定实验研究吡嗪-2,3-二羧酸铈的热稳定性和硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌等辅助类热稳定剂的热稳定性。为了提高配合物的热稳定性,将配合物与硬脂酸锌、季戊四醇进行二元复配和三元复配,并进行热稳定性分析。结果表明：当吡嗪-2,3-二羧酸铈、硬脂酸锌和季戊四醇的质量比为2:1:2时,其热稳定时间为39 min,并且抗变色性有了较大提高。吡嗪-2,3-二羧酸铈能够减缓聚氯乙烯（PVC）中HCl气体的产生,并且吸收PVC降解产生的Cl^-,与稀土离子结合生成CeCl₃,从而抑制PVC的降解,起到热稳定作用。     

超高效液相色谱-质谱法测定饮用水中14种氟喹诺酮类抗生素的残留量

采用超高效液相色谱-质谱法测定饮用水中的14种氟喹诺酮类抗生素的残留量。饮用水样品经Oasis HLB(200mg/6mL)固相萃取柱富集。柱上的浓集物用甲醇洗脱,洗脱液以Acquity UPLC BEH C_(18)色谱柱为分离柱,以不同体积比的0.1%(体积分数)甲酸溶液和0.1%(体积分数)甲酸乙腈溶液的混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子模式进行质谱检测。14种氟喹诺酮类抗生素均在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.04~1.8ng·L~(-1)之间。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在69.2%~85.2%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在4.5%~11%之间。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱法测定水体中4种硝基呋喃类药物

采用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱法测定水体中呋喃西林、呋喃它酮、呋喃妥因、呋喃唑酮等4种硝基呋喃类药物的含量。样品经HLB固相萃取柱净化后,用氨水-甲醇(5+95)溶液洗脱。以BEH C18色谱柱为分离柱,以乙腈和含有0.1%(体积分数)甲酸的2mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液以体积比23比77组成的混合液为流动相,在检测波长360nm处进行测定。4种硝基呋喃类药物的质量浓度均在5.0~200μg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.02μg·L-1。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在84.5%~97.2%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.5%~4.5%之间。     

同位素稀释-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水产品中15种头孢菌素的残留量北大核心CSCD

提出了同位素稀释-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UHPLC-MS/MS)同时测定水产品中15种头孢菌素残留量的方法。称取处理好的样品5 g,加入100μg·L^(-1)同位素内标混合溶液200μL,静置30 min后,再加入酸性氧化铝2 g,用5 mL 80%(体积分数)乙腈溶液重复提取两次,合并上清液。将上清液转移至Oasis Prime HLB固相萃取小柱,收集流出液,于40℃氮吹至1 mL左右,再加入含0.1%(体积分数)甲酸的乙腈溶液1 mL,经0.22μm尼龙滤膜过滤。以Agilent InfinityLab Poroshell 120 SB C_(18)色谱柱为固定相,以不同体积比的0.1%(体积分数)甲酸溶液和乙腈的混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,选择电喷雾离子源正离子(ESI^(+))模式和多反应监测(MRM)模式进行分析,内标法定量。结果显示:15种头孢菌素的质量浓度在一定范围内与其对应的响应值与内标响应值的比值呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.3~2.0μg·kg^(-1);对空白样品进行3个浓度水平的加标回收试验,回收率为75.9%~119%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.6%~6.5%。方法用于实际样品分析,其中1份草鱼样品中检出头孢氨苄,检出量为3.78μg·kg^(-1)。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水中4种苯脲类除草剂的含量北大核心CSCD

取水样50.0 mL,加盐酸调节pH至3.0,用吡咯烷酮基和二乙烯基苯修饰的磁性纳米材料50.0 mg振荡吸附20 min。乙腈3.0 mL洗脱后,将洗脱液离心5 min,过0.22μm有机滤膜,氮吹至近干,用甲醇-0.1%(体积分数)甲酸(60+40)混合液定容至1 mL。所得溶液进行超高效液相色谱分离,以XDB-C18反相色谱柱为固定相,以不同体积比的甲醇和0.1%(体积分数)甲酸溶液的混合液为流动相梯度洗脱。质谱分析采用多反应监测模式。4种苯脲类除草剂的质量浓度在0.05~5.0μg·L^(-1)内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3.143s)为12.5~16.4 ng·L^(-1)。按标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率为83.7%~107%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于8.5%。     

固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定猪栏废水中10种抗生素

应用固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定养猪废水中10种抗生素的含量。水样由盐酸调节pH至2.5~4.0,流经Oasis HLB固相萃取柱富集后再用甲醇洗脱。以Aglient eclipse XDB C18色谱柱为分离柱,以不同体积比的0.1%(体积分数)甲酸溶液和乙腈混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源多反应监测模式检测。10种抗生素在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.03~3.5μg·L-1之间。加标回收率在53.2%~104%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.5%~6.3%之间。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中重组牛生长激素N-末端肽链

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中重组牛生长激素N-末端肽链的方法。样品溶液以乙腈-0.05%(体积分数)甲酸(4+6)溶液作为定容溶剂。以Waters ACQUITY BEH-C18色谱柱为分离柱,以不同体积比的乙腈和0.05%甲酸溶液混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源多反应监测模式检测。重组牛生长激素N-末端肽链的质量浓度在0.1~2mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,测定下限(10S/N)为0.02mg·kg-1。以空白牛奶样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在85.0%~88.6%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)小于9%。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定水产品中残留的喹乙醇代谢物

建立了高效液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS/MS)检测水产品中喹乙醇代谢物3甲-基-喹恶啉-2羧-酸(MQCA)的残留分析方法。样品先用Protease蛋白酶酶解,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取目标物,氮气吹干后用流动相溶解残渣,以甲醇、乙腈和0.1%甲酸溶液作为流动相,液相色谱串联电喷雾质谱在正离子模式下测定。MQCA在1~100μg/kg范围内线性关系良好(r0.999)。在2、4、8μg/kg3个添加水平上,回收率在82.5%~87.5%,相对标准偏差为4.5%~5.1%(n=6),定量限为1μg/kg。方法已用于水产品中喹乙醇代谢物的残留分析。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Synthesis of tetrabenzoporphins of the basis of isoindoline

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds -