倒Y形四能级原子系统电磁诱导的左手效应

研究了倒Y形四能级原子与多模光场相互作用系统,在量子干涉机理下介质的相对介电常数和相对磁导率受电磁诱导发生显著变化,在合适的参数条件下它们同时出现负值,产生了左手效应,相应的介质转化为左手材料.随着系统参数的改变,左手效应频率范围等性质随之变化. 关键词： 量子干涉 电磁诱导 左手材料 负折射率     

真空诱导相干对电磁感应左手效应的影响

研究了具有超精细结构的四能级原子系统在电磁感应下的左手效应.讨论了由交叉耦合自发辐射路径引起的真空诱导相干(VIC)对左手效应的影响.研究表明,在出现左手效应的频率区间VIC效应强弱对介质相对介电常数和相对磁导率实部取值有显著影响,介质的左手效应随VIC效应的增强而增强. 关键词： 量子干涉 真空诱导相干 电磁感应 左手效应     

空场诱导相干性对倒转Y型四能级原子系统中单光子和双光子吸收性质的影响

当倒转Y-型四能级原子的两基态能级邻近简并时,连接基态的两个跃迁路径与同一个真空场辐射场相互作用导致的量子干涉效应便产生了空场诱导相干性.空场诱导相干性能使倒转Y-型四能级原子在共振点的单光子和双光子电磁诱导透明现象减弱,而在其他失谐量处产生单光子增益现象。同时,外加相干光场的相对相位对原子的吸收性质有重要的影响.     

两模腔场谱间的量子干涉

研究了高Q腔中单个二能级原子与两模二项式光场依赖强度耦合相互作用系统的腔场谱,给出了弱初始场条件下的数值结果,讨论了两模光场之间的量子干涉对腔场谱结构的影响. 发现当两模光场的频率差Δ>g（g为原子与腔场间的耦合常数）时,两模光场间的干涉效应对谱结构没有影响,系统的腔肠谱只是两模腔肠谱的简单叠加;当Δ≤g时两模腔场谱间的干涉比较明显. 在强初始场条件下,量子干涉效应可忽略. 关键词： 腔场谱 量子干涉 两模二项式光场     

非简并双光子Jaynes-Cummings模型腔场谱中的量子干涉

研究了两模二项式光场与二能级原子在高Q腔中发生双光子相互作用过程的腔场谱,给出了弱初始场条件下腔场谱的数值计算结果,讨论了两模腔场谱间的量子干涉.结果表明:两模腔场谱间的量子干涉随着频差的增大而呈现出周期性的衰减振荡,其振荡周期约为0·16g(g为原子与光场的相互作用强度系数),频差大于1·6g时干涉效应已经很弱.量子干涉还与初始场强度有关,随着初始场最大光子数的增加,量子干涉效应逐渐增强,但当光子数大于4时,干涉效应迅速减弱,当最大光子数大于6时,量子干涉现象几乎消失.     

光场诱导的原子激光的量子相干性

基于伞量子理论,分别研究了几种重要的光场作用下,从原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)体耦合输出的原子激光的量子相干特性.结果表明,粒子数态光场诱导的原子激光总是反聚束的,相干态光场诱导的原子激光是任意阶相干的,而压缩相干态光场诱导的原子激光总是聚束的.表明用光场诱导产生的原子激光具有与初始光场完全相间的量子相干性质.     

与非等同双原子相互作用下光场的量子特性

研究了具有不同偶极矩的两个原子与双模压缩真空场相互作用系统中光场的量子特性.讨论了两个原子与双模压缩真空场的相对耦合常数(R=g1/g2)和光场的初始压缩因子r对光场的压缩效应和光子的聚束与反聚束效应的影响.数值计算结果表明,光场量子涨落的震荡幅度、最大压缩深度、压缩时间及二阶相干度的震荡振幅与光场的初始压缩因子r的大小有关.两原子与双模光场的相对耦合常数R影响着光场量子涨落和二阶相干度的震荡规律,因而也影响着压缩时间、光场处于非经典态的时间及光子的反聚束程度,但对光场的压缩深度无明显影响.     

Kerr效应对二项式腔场谱量子干涉的影响

研究了含Kerr介质高Q腔内单个二能级原子与双模二项式光场发生双光子共振相互作用系统的腔场谱,给出了Kerr效应与量子干涉项ΔS(ω)关系的数值计算结果,讨论了Kerr效应对二项式腔场谱量子干涉的影响.结果表明:若初始时刻原子处于激发态而双模光场处于二项式态,随Kerr效应的增强,致使量子干涉项引起谱线强度的改变量呈现出"不规则的周期性衰减振荡"特性,震荡幅度与两模光场的频差密切相关.在Kerr系数χg(g为光场与原子的耦合常数)时,Kerr效应对干涉项的影响比较强烈;在χg时,趋于平稳.随着Kerr效应的增强,系统腔场谱由对称结构逐渐演化为不对称的多谱线结构.     

原子质心运动的量子效应对光场量子噪声压缩的影响

考虑JaynesCummings模型中与光场相互作用的原子为超冷原子,讨论了原子质心运动的量子效应对光场两正交分量量子噪声压缩的影响,结果表明,在JaynesCummings模型中,原子质心运动的量子效应增加光场两正交分量的量子噪声,使其压缩效应消失 关键词： 超冷原子 质心运动的量子效应 光场量子噪声压缩     

在梯形四能级原子系统量子调控下的左手效应

采用了一个梯形四能级原子系统,在多模光场的作用下利用量子相干技术使其实现介质的左手效应,使介质具备左手材料特性。在相互作用表象下,利用密度矩阵方程并结合相关条件下的有关公式进行理论计算,数值模拟结果显示,在合适的参量条件下,介质的相对介电常量和相对磁导率可以同时出现负值,产生了左手效应,相应的介质转化为左手材料。通过讨论在左手效应成立的条件下介质对光场的吸收和增益问题,结果表明,在弱探测场条件下,利用电磁诱导的方法也可以实现介质的左手效应。     

Sudden death and robustness of quantum correlations in the weak- or strong-coupling regime

We study the dynamics of quantum discord and entanglement of two entangled two-level atoms within two isolated and dissipative cavities in the weak- or strong-coupling regime. The quantum entanglement are measured by concurrence and relative entropy. The quantum discord of two atoms based on quantum mutual information and relative entropy are also calculated. In the weak-coupling regime, the sudden death of quantum discord and entanglement of two atoms can occur simultaneously within a short interaction time. When the interaction time is long, quantum discord and entanglement of two atoms could be partially preserved due to the long-lived nature of quantum discord and entanglement. However, in the strong-coupling regime, there is no sudden death of quantum discord though the entanglement sudden death phenomenon occurs. In addition, we observe that entanglement and discord will be destroyed eventually when the atom-field interactions are strong. We also address the issue of experimental realization briefly.     

High fidelity quantum gates via dynamical decoupling

Realizing the theoretical promise of quantum computers will require overcoming decoherence. Here we demonstrate numerically that high fidelity quantum gates are possible within a framework of quantum dynamical decoupling. Orders of magnitude improvement in the fidelities of a universal set of quantum gates, relative to unprotected evolution, is achieved over a broad range of system-environment coupling strengths, using recursively constructed (concatenated) dynamical decoupling pulse sequences.     

与XY双自旋链耦合的双量子比特系统的关联性与相干性

研究了双量子比特系统中在具有Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya相互作用的独立XY自旋链环境下的相干性与关联性动力学.推导出相干性与关联性的演化规律.发现在自旋链的临界点附近,当tt_0时,系统相干性的演化与经典关联完全相同;而在tt_0时,则与量子关联完全相同;在t_0时刻,量子关联突变为经典关联.     

Mach–Zehnder interferometer with squeezed and EPR entangled optical fields

We study a scheme for Mach-Zehnder(MZ) interferometer as a quantum linear device by injecting two-mode squeezed input states into two ports of interferometer.Two-mode squeezed states can be changed into two types of inputs for MZ interferometer:two squeezed states and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR) entangled states.The interference patterns of the MZ interferometer vary periodically as the relative phase of the two arms of the interferometer is scanned,and are measured by the balanced homodyne detection system.Our experiments show that there are different interference patterns and periodicity of the output quantum states for two cases which depend on the relative phase of input optical fields.Since MZ interferometer can be used to realize some quantum operations,this work will have the important applications in quantum information and metrology.     

Modulation of entanglement and quantum discord for circuit cavity QED states

The paper investigates the dynamic evolution behaviors of entanglement and quantum discord of coupled superconducting qubits in circuit QED system. We put emphasis on the effects of cavity field quantum state on quantum entanglement and quantum correlations dynamic behaviors of coupling superconducting qubits. The results show that, (1) generally speaking, the entanglement will appear the death and new birth because of the interaction between qubits and cavity field, on the contrary, this phenomenon will not appear in quantum discord. (2) When the cavity field is in coherent state, the entanglement survival time is controlled by the average photon number. The more the average photon number is, the longer survival time of entanglement is prolonged. Thus it has the benefit of keeping quantum correlations. (3) When the cavity field is in squeezed state, the squeezed amplitude parameters have controlling effects on quantum correlations including entanglement and quantum discord. On the one hand, the increase of squeezed amplitude parameters can prolong the survival time of entanglement, on the other hand, with the increase of squeezed amplitude parameters, the robustness of quantum discord is more and more superior to concurrence and is more advantage to keep the system quantum correlations. The further study results show that the increase of the initial relative phase of coupling superconducting qubits can also keep the quantum correlations.     

醇热技术制备TiO2纳米晶的荧光光谱及荧光量子产率

采用钛酸四丁酯醇热技术制备了TiO2纳米晶溶胶,透射电子显微镜(TEM)照片显示其为粒径小于10nm的类球形形貌。该纳米晶在最大激发波长375nm激发下,在450nm处产生稳定的强荧光。不同浓度TiO2纳米晶的荧光光谱和吸收光谱表明,该发光带不仅受粒子量子尺寸效应的影响还与带内缺陷能级和表面态的电子跃迁有关,是三者共同作用的结果。以硫酸奎宁在激发波长313nm的荧光量子产率0.55为标准,测得TiO2纳米晶在不同激发波长下的荧光量子产率。结果表明,TiO2纳米晶在激发波长330～370nm范围内有较高的荧光量子产率(约为0.20),远高于文献报道值(10-3数量级)。据此,TiO2纳米晶有望成为一种有前途的无机纳米荧光探针。     

h→0时非相对论量子力学如何与牛顿力学等价

假设 h→ 0时一个正确的非相对论量子力学与牛顿力学等价 .以此为出发点 ,对目前公认的非相对论量子力学作了细微的修改 .改动后的非相对论量子力学被证明在 h≠ 0时与修改前的完全等价 ,在 h→ 0时 ,与牛顿力学等价 .这样做的意义在于 ,如果进一步假设 h→ 0时一个正确的相对论量子力学和爱因斯坦的相对论等价 ,那么就有可能得到与现有相对论量子力学预言不同的结论 ,这将有助于它的检验或完善. It’s assumed that when →0, correct non relative quantum mechanics should be equivalent to Newtonian mechanics. Starting from this point, we slightly revised the widely accepted non relative quantum mechanics such that the mechanics after modification is strictly equivalent to that before the modification when ≠0, and equivalent to Newtonian mechanics in the limit →0. The significance lies in the possibility that if we further postulate that corrected relative quantum mechanics...     

Reduced quantum noise in waveguide coherent Raman scattering spectroscopy

Waveguide regimes of nonlinear-optical interactions allow a reduction of quantum noise in spectra of coherent Raman scattering (CRS). We will find the optimal waveguide length providing the maximum quantum limit for the signal-to-noise ratio in waveguide CRS and assess this ratio for laser intensities right below the optical breakdown threshold. This analysis shows that the quantum-limit signal-to-noise ratio of coherent femtosecond CRS spectroscopy of the gas phase can be increased in the waveguide regime by more than four orders of magnitude relative to the regime of tight focusing.     

Maximum relative entropy of coherence for quantum channels

Based on the resource theory for quantifying the coherence of quantum channels, we introduce a new coherence quantifier for quantum channels via maximum relative entropy. We prove that the maximum relative entropy for coherence of quantum channels is directly related to the maximally coherent channels under a particular class of superoperations, which results in an operational interpretation of the maximum relative entropy for coherence of quantum channels. We also introduce the conception of subsuperchannels and sub-superchannel discrimination. For any quantum channels, we show that the advantage of quantum channels in sub-superchannel discrimination can be exactly characterized by the maximum relative entropy of coherence for quantum channels. Similar to the maximum relative entropy of coherence for channels, the robustness of coherence for quantum channels has also been investigated. We show that the maximum relative entropy of coherence for channels provides new operational interpretations of robustness of coherence for quantum channels and illustrates the equivalence of the dephasing-covariant superchannels,incoherent superchannels, and strictly incoherent superchannels in these two operational tasks.