Er3+掺杂SiO2复合的Al2O3粉末结构及光致发光特性

采用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)工艺制备0.1 mol% Er³⁺掺杂Al₂O₃体系和SiO₂-Al₂O₃复合体系粉末. 实验结果表明：5 mol%的SiO₂复合加入Al₂O₃抑制γ→θ和θ→α相转变. 掺0.1 mol%Er³⁺:Al₂O₃体系粉末，900℃烧结，在1.47—1.63μm波段内光致发光(PL)谱为中心波长1.53 μm、半高宽56 nm的单一宽峰，1000—1200℃烧结，劈裂为多峰PL谱. 掺0.1 mol%Er³⁺:SiO₂-Al₂O₃复合体系粉末，在高达1200℃烧结，仍保持中心波长1.53 μm的单一宽峰PL谱，由于—OH更完全的脱除，PL强度较900℃烧结Al₂O₃体系，SiO₂-Al₂O₃复合体系均提高1个数量级. 关键词： 2-Al₂O₃复合体系')" href="#">SiO₂-Al₂O₃复合体系 掺铒 溶胶-凝胶工艺 光致发光     

亚微米Sr2MgSi2O7：Eu2+,Dy3+的水热共沉淀制备及发光性能研究

通过水热共沉淀方法制备了亚微米长余辉发光材料Sr₂MgSi₂O₇：Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺,使用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、光致发光以及热释发光光谱对所合成的材料进行了研究。结果表明：在1 000℃下烧结4 h的样品为四方晶系单相,结晶度随着烧结温度的升高而进一步改善,所制备的材料分散性良好,尺寸在200~300 nm之间。在399 nm激发下,样品呈现出主峰位于467 nm的蓝光发射,来自于Eu²⁺的5d-4f跃迁。在1 100℃烧结获得的样品的长余辉发光优于1 000℃烧结的样品。样品的热释光谱为一个不对称分布的宽带,主峰位于330~340 K之间,热释光谱对应的峰值范围有利于产生长余辉发光。     

Mg掺杂提升钠离子电池正极材料高电压循环性能

钠离子电池层状氧化物正极材料具有高容量、易合成等优势,表现出巨大的应用潜力.为了开发出高容量、长循环的正极材料,本文提出对NaNi_0.4Cu_0.1Mn_0.4Ti_0.10₂ (NCMT)用Mg²⁺部分取代Ni²⁺的改性策略,设计并合成了高容量、长循环的NaNi_0.35Mg_0.05Cu_0.1Mn_0.4Ti_0.10₂ (NCMT-Mg)正极材料.该材料在2.4—4.3 V电压范围内,显示165 mAh·g^-1的高可逆比容量.在0.1 C的倍率下循环350周后,仍有111 mAh·g^-1的可逆比容量,容量保持率为67.3%,相较于未掺杂的原始样品提升了约13%.本文对其进行了系统表征并揭示了其高电压循环稳定的机理,为开发出高性能钠离子正极材料提供了重要参考.     

SrAl2O4∶Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉发光材料的喷雾热解制备及其表征

采用喷雾热解两段法制备了SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺ ,Dy³⁺长余辉发光材料,并利用XRD、SEM、荧光长余辉亮度测试等方法分析了不同制备工艺条件下SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺ ,Dy³⁺发光材料的结构、形貌以及发光性能的变化。结果表明:采用喷雾热解两段法可制备出球形SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺ ,Dy³⁺长余辉发光材料,SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺ ,Dy³⁺的晶体结构与α-SrAl₂O₄磷石英晶体结构相同。热解温度、还原温度、添加剂对产物的形貌、粒度分布、发光性能有较大影响。较之高温固相法,喷雾热解法制备的SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺ ,Dy³⁺具有发光性能好、形貌好、粒度分布窄等优点。     

(Na1/2Bi1/2)Cu3Ti4O12陶瓷的微观结构和电学性质

利用固相反应法在不同烧结温度条件下制备了一系列(Na_1/2Bi_1/2)Cu₃Ti₄O₁₂(NBCTO)陶瓷样品,研究了它们的晶体结构、微观组织结构、介电性质和复阻抗及其随温度的变化. 实验发现NBCTO陶瓷所呈现出的电学性质与CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂陶瓷相应的电学性质非常类似. 烧结温度为990℃至1060℃范围的NBCTO陶瓷样品室 关键词： 高介电材料 介电性质 复阻抗 内阻挡层电容     

CoxTi1－xO2－δ体材中氢退火引起的铁磁性及结构相变

利用固相反应法在700℃—1000℃不同的温度下、空气中烧结Co₃O₄ 和TiO₂混合物，制备了(Co₃O₄)_x/3(TiO2)_1-x(03，说明Co₃O₄与TiO₂反应形成了CoT iO₃；同时，在700 ℃低温和900 ℃以上的高温烧结样品中分别观察到了单相的 锐钛矿和金红石相结构.经高低温烧结的样品在500 ℃氢退火后，CoTiO₃相消失 ，锐钛矿相的Co_xTi_1-xO_2-δ形成.X射线光电子能谱(X PS)分析显示，氢退火样品中的Co以+2氧化价态存在，同时没有观察到金属态的Co，这说明 氢退火样品中的室温铁磁性不是源于金属Co颗粒的形成，而是与钙钛矿结构的CoTiO_{3< /sub>相的消失和锐钛矿型的CoxTi1-xO2-δ相的形成 有关.(Co3O4)x/3(TiO2)1-x( 0x}Ti_1-xO_2-δ相的本征铁磁性，伴随着结构相变而产生的Co离子之间的铁磁交换相互作用或 许是样品室温铁磁性产生的根本原因. 关键词： 室温铁磁性 结构相变 锐钛矿 氢退火     

多晶Li3+xV1-xTxO4(T=Ge,Si)离子导电性能的改善

本文用阻抗谱方法研究了Li_3+xV_1-xT_xO₄(T=Si,Ge)多晶的离子导电性,发现一些工艺条件如成型压强、烧结时间和烧结程序对电导率有很大影响。注意分析了这些影响的物理起因。最佳工艺条件是:在大约8t/cm²压强下成型样品。在1000℃连续烧结5至6天,烧结过程中,应尽量避免温度波动。在此条件下制备的Li_3.5V_0.5Ge_0.5关键词：     

Li2Mo2O6多晶材料的结构与电性能的研究

本文用固相反应烧结制备出Li₂Mo₂O₆多晶材料。经X射线分析、红外光谱和电子顺磁共振谱(EPR)的研究,确定了它的结构是Li₂Mo₂O₄和MoO₂两个晶相组成的烧结体。钼离子以四价状态存在于MoO₂晶相结构中。采用交流阻抗谱分析了晶界与温度变化的相关性。测得了样品的ln(σ_总T)-1/T 曲线是由两段直线和一段曲线所组成;总电导率化能σ_27℃=1.36×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1,σ_115℃=1.49×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1,σ_300℃=9.71×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1,σ_370℃=2.42×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1;电导活化能E₁=0.043eV,E₂=0.235eV,E_平均=0.76eV。采用维格纳极化电池法测得电子电导率σ_e,σ_e27℃=2.240×10^-5(Ω·cm)^-1,σ_e300℃=4.476×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1。实验证明,室温下材料为固体电解质,300℃附近为良好的离子与电子混合导体。 关键词：     

(Sb2Te3)0.75(1－x)(Bi2Te3)0.25(1－x)(Sb2Se3)x机械合金化粉体的制备及其冷压烧结样品的热电性能研究

采用机械合金化法制备了p型赝三元(Sb₂Te₃-Bi₂Te₃-Sb₂Se₃)合金粉体，对其进行XRD分析表明Te，Bi，Sb，Se单质粉末，经100h球磨后实现了合金化；SEM分析表明所得机械合金化粉体材料颗粒均匀、细小，颗粒尺寸在10nm到100nm量级.使用这种粉体制备了冷压烧结块体样品，在室温下测量了温差电动势率(α)和电导率(σ)，研究了烧结温度对材料热电性能的影响，结果表明在低于300℃的烧结温区，样品室温下的热电性能随烧结温度的升高不断提高，功率因子(α²σ)由未烧结样品的0.59μW cm^-1K^-2升高到在300℃下烧结样品的15.9μW cm^-1K^-2，这一结果对确定材料的最佳烧结温度具有重要意义. 关键词： 赝三元热电材料 机械合金化 冷压 烧结     

Y2O2S∶Eu,Mg, Ti,Gd 红色长余辉发光材料的热稳定性

采用高温固相法制备了Y₂O₂S ∶ Eu,Mg,Ti,Gd红色长余辉材料,研究了热处理工艺对材料稳定性的影响。用X射线衍射表征该材料的相组成,用激发光谱、发射光谱、余辉亮度对材料的发光性能进行表征。结果表明:热处理温度在600 ℃以下时,材料的发光性能不变;当热处理温度达到800 ℃时,发光性能缓慢下降;当热处理温度达到1 000 ℃时,主晶相Y₂O₂S变成Y₂O₂SO₄和Y₂O₃,发光性能急剧下降。与铝酸盐及硫化物发光材料相比,Y₂O₂S ∶ Eu,Mg,Ti,Gd红色长余辉材料具有较好的热稳定性。     

Enhancement of electrochemical performance in lithium-ion battery via tantalum oxide coated nickel-rich cathode materials

Nickel-rich cathode materials are increasingly being applied in commercial lithium-ion batteries to realize higher specific capacity as well as improved energy density. However, low structural stability and rapid capacity decay at high voltage and temperature hinder their rapid large-scale application. Herein, a wet chemical method followed by a post-annealing process is utilized to realize the surface coating of tantalum oxide on LiNi_0.88Mn_0.03Co_0.09O₂, and the electrochemical performance is improved. The modified LiNi_0.88Mn_0.03Co_0.09O₂ displays an initial discharge capacity of ～ 233 mAh/g at 0.1 C and 174 mAh/g at 1 C after 150 cycles in the voltage range of 3.0 V-4.4 V at 45℃, and it also exhibits an enhanced rate capability with 118 mAh/g at 5 C. The excellent performance is due to the introduction of tantalum oxide as a stable and functional layer to protect the surface of LiNi_0.88Mn_0.03Co_0.09O₂, and the surface side reactions and cation mixing are suppressed at the same time without hampering the charge transfer kinetics.     

Probing the improved stability for high nickel cathode via dual-element modification in lithium-ion

One of the major hurdles of nickel-rich cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries is the low cycling stability, especially at high temperature and high voltage, originating from severe structural degradation, which makes this class of cathode less practical. Herein, we compared the effect of single and dual ions on electrochemical performance of high nickel (LiNi_0.88Mn_0.03Co_0.09O₂, NMC) cathode material in different temperatures and voltage ranges. The addition of a few amounts of tantalum (0.2 wt%) and boron (0.05 wt%) lead to improved electrochemical performance. The co-modified LiNi_0.88Mn_0.03Co_0.09O₂ displays an initial discharge capacity of 234.9 mAh/g at 0.1 C and retained 208 mAh/g at 1 C after 100 cycles at 45 ℃, which corresponds to a capacity retention of 88.5%, compared to the initial discharge capacity of 234.1 mAh/g and retained capacity of 200.5 mAh/g (85.6%). The enhanced capacity retention is attributed to the synergetic effect of foreign elements by acting as a surface structural stabilizer without sacrificing specific capacity.     

Lu2O3∶Eu3+纳米粉末及透明陶瓷的制备及其发光性能

采用共沉淀法和溶剂热法制备了Lu2O3∶Eu3+纳米粉体,通过X射线衍射谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱和扫描电镜照片,比较了两种方法制备的Lu2O3∶Eu3+粉末的微观结构,测量和比较合成粉体的激发与发射光谱.将获得的Lu2O3∶Eu3+煅烧粉体在不使用任何添加剂的情况下,干压成型制成素坯,先在真空中1100℃煅烧5h,氮气氛...     

The influence of different fabrication processes on characteristics of excess Bi2O3-doped 0.95 (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.05 BaTiO3 ceramics

In this study, we will develop the influences of the excess x wt% (x=0, 1, 2, and 3) Bi₂O₃-doped and the different fabricating process on the sintering and dielectric characteristics of 0.95 (Na_0.5Bi_0.5)TiO₃–0.05 BaTiO₃ ferroelectric ceramics with the aid of SEM and X-ray diffraction patterns, and dielectric–temperature curves. The 0.95 (Na_0.5Bi_0.5)TiO₃–0.05 BaTiO₃+x wt% Bi₂O₃ ceramics are fabricated by two different processes. The first process is that (Na_0.5Bi_0.5)TiO₃ composition is calcined at 850 °C and BaTiO₃ composition is calcined at 1100 °C, then the calcined (Na_0.5Bi_0.5)TiO₃ and BaTiO₃ powders are mixed in according to 0.95 (Na_0.5Bi_0.5)TiO₃–0.05 BaTiO₃+x wt% Bi₂O₃ compositions. The second process is that the raw materials are mixed in accordance to the 0.95 (Na_0.5Bi_0.5)TiO₃–0.05 BaTiO₃+x wt% Bi₂O₃ compositions and then calcining at 900 °C. The sintering process is carried out in air for 2 h from 1120 to 1240 °C. After sintering, the effects of process parameters on the dielectric characteristics will be developed by the dielectric–temperature curves. Dielectric–temperature properties are also investigated at the temperatures of 30–350 °C and at the frequencies of 10 kHz–1 MHz.     

Effect of cobalt substitution on cationic distribution in LiNi1 − y CoyO2 electrode materials

A crystal chemistry study of LiNi_{1 − y}Co_yO₂ phases, used as positive electrode in lithium batteries, is presented. These materials crystallize in the rhombohedral system (space group: R m) with a layered structure. Rietveld profile refinement of the X-ray data shows that for low substitution amounts ( ≤ 0.20) extra-nickel ions are always present leading to the Li_{1 − z}Ni_{1 + z − t}CotO₂ (t = y(1 + z)) formula (z * > 0), while for y ≥ 0.30, a pure 2D structure is obtained (z = 0). The stabilization of the 2D character of the structure by cobalt substitution in lithium nickelate leads to the improvement of the electrochemical properties.     

A strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of Ni-rich positive electrodes: Na/F-co-doped LiNi_(0.6)Mn_(0.2)Co_(0.2)O_2

Ni-rich layered lithium transition metal oxides LiNi_xMn_yCo_zO_2(1-y-z ≥ 0.6) are promising candidates for cathode materials, but their practical applications are hindered by high-voltage instability and fast capacity fading. Using density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate that Na-, F-doping, and Na/F-co-doping can stabilize the structure and result into a higher open circuit voltage than pristine LiNi_(0.6)Mn_(0.2)Co_(0.2)O_2(NMC622) during the charging process, which may attain greater discharge capacity. F doping may inhibit the diffusion of Li ions at the beginning and end of charging; Na doping may improve Li ion diffusion due to the increase in Li layer spacing, consistent with prior experiments. Na/F-codoping into NMC622 promotes rate performance and reduces irreversible phase transitions for two reasons:(i) a synergistic effect between Na and F can effectively restrain the Ni/Li mixing and then enhances the mobility of Li ions and(ii) Ni/Li mixing hinders the Ni ions to migrate into Li layers and thus, stabilizes the structure. This study proposes that a layer cathode material with high electrochemical performance can be achieved via rational dopant modification, which is a promising strategy for designing efficient Li ion batteries.     

Phase segregation of LixMn2O4 (0.6<x<1) in non-equilibrium reduction processes

Chemical synthesis routes to Li_xMn₂O₄ (0.15≤x≤1) in non-equilibrium reduction processes were developed to carry out detailed structural analysis. Non-equilibrium Li_xMn₂O₄ (0.15≤x≤1) samples were prepared by chemical lithiation of λ-MnO₂ with LiI for 24 h; longer than 1 week was needed to reach true equilibrium at room temperature. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. The phase diagram was different from that in the equilibrium state; three cubic phases (phases A, B and C) were observed for Li_xMn₂O₄ (0.15≤x≤1). There were two regions of two-phase coexistence: the region of 0.25<x<0.55 (phase B+phase C) and 0.6<x<1.0 (phase A+phase B). In the compositional range of 0.6<x<1.0, the lattice constants of phases A and B change with the lithium composition, this indicates that it is a structural anomaly with a metastable two-phase character in non-equilibrium reduction processes.     

(Sr_(1-1.5x)Y_x)TiO_3模拟固化~(90)Y的稳定性研究

为了研究钙钛矿结构的SrTiO_3固化Y~(3+)(~(90)Y的模拟物)的化学稳定性,以Sr(NO_3)_2,TiO_2及Y_2O_3粉体作为原料,按照化学计量比Sr_(1-1.5x)Y_xTiO_3(0≤x≤0.12)设计配方,采用高温固相法制备一系列固化体.利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和Raman对制备固化体的物相、结构和微观形貌进行分析表征,并对其抗浸出性能进行了研究.结果表明:当x0.08时,固化体为单一物相,当x≥0.08时,固化体中出现部分烧绿石相;固化体中的Sr~(2+),Y~(3+)的浸出浓度随浸泡时间延长而增大,在浸泡42d时,Sr~(2+)的最大浸出浓度为0.004μg·mL~(-1),Y~(3+)的最大浸出浓度为0.02μg·mL~(-1).     

BaO-Li2O-B2O3三元系中BaB2O4-Li2B2O4和BaB2O4-Li2O截面相平衡关系的研究

本文用X射线和差热分析方法对BaO-Li₂O-B₂O₃三元系中的两个截面:BaB₂O₄-Li₂B₂O₄和BaB₂O₄-Li₂O作了研究。在BaB₂O₄-Li₂B₂O₄赝二元系中发现了一个新的化合物4BaB₂O₄·Li₂B₂O₄。化合物在930±3℃由包晶反应形成,并与Li₂B₂O₄形成共晶反应。共晶温度为797±3℃,共晶点组分为79mol％Li₂B₂O₄。在BaB₂O₄-Li₂O截面中也存在化合物4BaB₂O₄·Li₂B₂O₄,其包晶反应温度从930±3℃随Li₂O含量增加下降到908±3℃。在组分60mol％Li₂O处形成另一个新的化合物2BaB₂O₄·3Li₂O。该化合物在630±3℃也是由包晶反应形成,并与Li₂O和Li₂CO₃分别形成共晶反应,共晶温度分别为400±3℃和612±3℃。在BaB₂O₄-Li₂B₂O₄和BaB₂O₄-Li₂O体系中都没有观察到固溶体。用计算机程序分别对化合物4BaB₂O₄·Li₂B₂O₄和2BaB₂O₄·3Li₂O的X射线粉末衍射图案进行了指标化,其结果:4BaB₂O₄·Li₂B₂O₄的空间群为Pmma,a=13.033?,b=14.630?,c=4.247?,每个单胞包含两个化合式单位;2BaB₂O₄·3Li₂O的空间群为Pmmm,a=4.814?,b=9.897?,c=11.523?,每个单胞也含有两个化合式单位。 关键词：     

On the energy transfer from Tb to Eu in LiTb1−xEuxP4O12

The undoped stoichiometric materials LiTbP₄O₁₂ and LiEuP₄O₁₂ show effective green Tb³⁺ and red Eu³⁺ luminescence, respectively. Both systems are fully mixable, which offers the possibility of examining the energy transfer from Tb³⁺ to Eu³⁺ in the complete system of LiTb_1−xEu_xP₄O₁₂. As the distance of the rare earth ions is large enough to exclude exchange interaction in these materials, only multipolar interaction is to be expected. Dealing only with forbidden f–f transitions it is possible to produce both Tb³⁺ and Eu³⁺ luminescence at the same time having a suitable Eu³⁺ concentration.